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| Scope: 御定佩文齋書畫譜 |
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45  | 凡欲畫竹者，先須知其名目，識其態度，然後方論下筆之法，如散生之竹竿下謂之蠶頭，蠶頭下正根謂之●，又名竻，旁引者謂之邊，或謂之鞭。節間乳贅而生者謂之須。傍根生時謂之行邊。邊根出荀，謂之偽筍，又名二筍叢生之竹根外出者謂之蟬肚，根竹下插土者謂之鑽地根。凡竹從根倒數上單節生枝者謂之雄竹，雙節生枝者謂之雌竹。或云從下第一節生單枝者謂之雄竹。生雙枝者謂之雌竹。生長挺挺然者多筍筍，初出土者謂之●，又名蕊，又名●，又名竹胎，稍長謂之牙，漸長名茁，又名䈚，又名子，又名苞，又名菌，過母名□。別稱曰籜龍曰錦綳，兒曰玉版，師蔀葉謂之苞籜。又名箈，解籜謂之篛，半筍謂之初篁。梢葉開盡名䉜，方為成竹，竹●謂之竿。竿中之水結而為膏，曰黄竿。上之膚曰筠，竹之皮曰笢，刮下青皮謂之筎，火燒謂之□，火燒出汗謂之瀝竹之節曰箹。竹列謂之笐，竹葉謂之●，竹葉下垂曰箁，箬竹枝謂之天，箒竹花謂之箮，又名華草，又名竹實謂之練，實竹有病謂之篵。竹枯換根謂之䈙竹枚謂之箇。積竹曰攢，批條曰篾，稨而為瓦曰●。殺青而尺截曰簡，聮簡曰䇿熨而為版，曰㸣，竹貌謂之蓊，竹聲謂之劉，竹色，謂之蒼筤，竹態謂之嬋娟，竹深謂之●，竹得風，其體夭屈，謂之夭屈，謂之笑生，而曲曰箞弱曰䈒，此其名目之大略也。若夫態度則又非一，致要辨老嫩榮枯，風雨明晦，一一樣態，如風有疾慢，雨有乍久，老有年數，嫩有次序，根榦筍葉，各有時候。今姑從根生筍長，至於生成，壯老枯瘁，風雨疾乍，各各態度，依式圖列如左，雖未能悉備，抑亦可見其梗槩用資初學不為達者設也，竹根二種，一散生之竹根皆橫生而長，如筀竹、淡竹、甜竹、描頭竹、白竹篌、竹水竹、䈥竹、窈竹、●竹浮竹、江南竹雙葉、竹鳯、尾竹、龍䰅、竹寸、金竹、雪竹、●竹、簞竹、䉑竹、廣竹之類是也。 |
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