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| Scope: 廣志繹 |
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《卷五西南諸省》
80  | 出沅州而西，晃州即貴竹地；顧清浪、鎮遠、偏橋諸衛舊轄湖省，故犬牙制之。其地止借一線之路入滇，兩岸皆苗。晃州至平夷十八站，每站雖云五六十里，實百里而遙，士夫商旅縱有急，止可一日一站，破站則無宿地矣。其站皆以軍夫。辰州以西，轎無大小，官無貴賤，輿者皆以八人，其地步步行山中。又多蛇、霧、雨，十二時天地暗䀜，間三五日中一晴霽耳，然方晴倏雨，又不可期，故土人每出必披氈衫，背蝮遙手執竹枝，竹以驅蛇，笠以備雨也。諺云：「天無三日晴，地無三尺平。」其開設初只有衛所，後雖漸漸改流，置立郡邑，皆建於衛所之中，衛所為主，郡邑為客，縉紳拜表祝聖皆在衛所。衛所治軍，郡邑治民，軍即尺籍來役戍者也。故衛所所治皆中國人，民即苗也，土無他民，止苗夷，然非一種，亦各異俗，曰宋家，曰蔡家，曰仲家，曰龍家，曰曾行龍家，曰羅羅，曰打牙犬乞犬老曰紅犬乞犬老，曰花犬乞犬老曰東苗，曰西苗，曰紫姜苗，總之黟子孫。椎髻短衣，不冠不履，刀耕火種，樵獵為生，殺鬥為業。郡邑中但征賦稅，不訟鬥爭。所治之民，即此而已矣。 |
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