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1 道可道,非常「道」,名可名,非常「名」。
2 道也者,内以治身,外以治世,日用常行之道也。道之费隐不可道,道之发见则可道。统发见于费隐之中,至广至微,故道为非常之道也。名在无极不可名,名在太极则可名。生太极于无极之内,能静能动,故名为非常之名也。
3 集补:人所共由则曰道。可道者,可述也。非常之道,斯为大道也。欲著其状则曰名。可名者,可拟也。非常之名,斯无定名也。
4 无名,天地之始;有名,万物之母。
5 无名:即无极也。有名:即太极也。无变为有,真无定名也。无极浑然之初,无兆,无形,本无声臭之可拟,道所以在天地之始也。太极判然之后,有生、有育,即有造化之可徵,道所以为万物之母也。万物者:统天地而言之。先天地而有此道,则生天、生地、生人、生物,不啻一大父母也。言母而父在其中矣。
6 故常无欲以观其妙,常有欲以观其徼。(徼同窍。《永乐大典》无故字,一本无常字)
7 妙即无名之物,故凝,常静以观之。徼,即有名之物,故运,常应以观之。无欲、有欲,常静、常应也。以无欲观无名,以有欲观有名。丹家以玄关为有无妙窍者,盖本于此。
8 此两者,同出而异名,同谓之玄。玄之又玄,众妙之门。
9 两:即妙窍也。有生于无,故同出,无转为有,故异名,然虽异而仍同也。有无妙窍,皆一玄也。于无欲以观其妙,已得一玄。于有欲以观其窍,又得一玄。二玄总归一玄。玄兼赅众妙,众妙之门,统乎此矣。
URN: ctp:ws861466

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