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《卷十四》
5  | 輪人為轂轂小而長大而短則有柞與摯二病欲除其病莫若伸其圍以為長屈其長以為圍則長短大小均齊而二病除矣欲言轂圍先言牙圍六分其輪崇取一為牙圍三分其牙圍畱一為牙面而踐地者也踐地之面不漆其餘皆漆椁其漆內之數而中詘之以其半為轂長卽以其長為之圍以其圍之阞捎其藪凡測圓者必先得其心從心出線則面面皆等椁者度量之名度兩漆之內而中詘之則輪之心也輪內置轂轂內貫軸如此則軸正當輪心面面皆等然則中詘者測圓之法而轂之圍徑亦從此出焉先鄭謂藪空壺中後鄭謂當輻菑者捎除也阞三分之一也壺中謂轂孔所以容軸者而當輻入處謂之藪賈疏所謂轂大頭寛者指賢小頭狹者指軹寛狹處中者指藪也轂之兩頭為軹參分其轂二在外一在內為藪藪以置輻藪軹之間為賢軹者止也言轂止於此賢者間也言當藪軹之中間藪者聚也言衆輻之所聚狀若蜂藪云爾依注設數以轂圍三尺二寸而三分之取其一以為藪則藪圍一尺九分寸之六轂兩廂共徑七寸有竒足以內貫軸外受輻而無不勝任之患後鄭云輻廣三寸又云輻厚一寸則輻不圜何以知之以車人職知之車人職云輻長一柯有半其博三寸厚三之一此大車也其轂徑尺有五寸其輻橫濶三寸側厚一寸故書博或為搏徒丸反杜子春云當為博後鄭從之以此知輻不圜也如以為圜則大車之轂其圍四尺五寸一輻廣三寸三十輻共廣九尺而聚於四尺五寸之轂有是理哉或從故書博為搏搏言圍厚言徑輻圍三寸徑一寸乃可徑一圍三古之約法非密法也然如此則輻太弱轂太強強弱不相得非車之利也故輪人為輻三寸閷其二寸以為厚橫三側一然則曷為又曰股圍骹圍蓋輻之形如璧之羡規其四角隋他果反而不圜兩頭大小股骹似之故取以譬焉兩強不能相服故曰轂強必以弱輻衆弱足以敵一強故輻不扤而搖一強足以當衆弱故雖有重任轂不折康成謂輻入轂中猶蒲在水中為弱似未盡然所謂輻廣三寸半者亦隋長而非圜徑可知矣五分轂長去二為賢賢圍一尺九寸二分去三為軹軹圍一尺二寸八分賢軹皆有金各以法消去金厚之數則賢圍大于藪軹圍小于藪故賈疏曰寛狹處中鄭注所謂去一當作去二乃與藪相稱者是也據鄭注金厚一寸卽用鄭氏筭法徑當消去二寸則圍當消去六寸以六寸減賢軹兩圍則賢圍一尺三寸二分軹圍六寸八分案藪說文作橾云車轂中空讀若藪急就篇作䡦疑橾誤為槡從車從木一也喿誤為桑古音若藪漢讀為橾又扤一作仡方言曰僞古訛字謂之仡仡不安也注仡吾㪍反船動搖之貌則車之大扤狀如船矣 |
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