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《卷八十三》
29  | 夾漈曰學者之患在於識有義之義而不識無義之義假借者無義之義也假借本非已有因它所授故於己為無義又曰六書之難明為假借之難明也六書明則六經如指諸掌假借明則六書如指諸掌故夾漈之六書畧於假借一門為甚詳雖然猶●其或於轉注之恉㒸有叶音借義不借義之誤今因丌誤而定之則假借轉注之恉丌庶幾矣夫假借之所㠯別者五而生有三曰因義之借曰無義之借曰因借之借是為託生曰同音竝義不為假借是為反生曰轉注而假借是為兼生此五者假借之所㠯別也因義之借者初本裁衣之始而借為凡物之始狀本犬之形象而借為萬物之狀也無義之借者易本蜥易之易而借為變易之易財本貨財而借為財成之財也因借而借者商本商度之商既借為宮商之商矣而又借為商賈之商也之本之草之之既借為之催之之矣而又借為語詞之之也同音竝義不為假借者台說之台即台我之台皆得从口而為意从㠯而為聲也壬儋之壬既象治壬之形壬娠之壬□象褱壬之形也轉注而假借者如頃本頃夨之頃既轉而為頃刻之頃矣因頃刻之聲而借為頃畝之頃過本過踰之過既轉而為既踰曰過之過矣因既踰曰過之聲而借為過失之過也夾漈又有語詞之借五音之借三詩之借十日十二辰方言之借之類此即所謂無義之借故不復出烏乎假借之㫖不明於世㠯至書然●之然更加火州渚之州復加水果字有草須字有髟如此之類何可枚擧尚奚論丁寧之類不用口車渠馬堖之類不須石哉 |
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