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《卷十三》
32  | 太史公曰余每讀虞書至於君臣相勑維是㡬安而股肱不良萬事墮壞未嘗不流涕也成王作頌推已懲艾音刈悲彼家難謂文囚羑里可不謂戰戰恐懼善守善終哉君子不為約則修徳滿則棄禮佚能思初安能惟始沐浴膏澤而歌詠勤苦非大徳誰能如斯傳曰治定功成禮樂乃興海內人道益深其徳益至所樂者益異滿而不損則溢盈而不持則傾凡作樂者所以節樂君子以謙退為禮以減損為樂其如此也節樂則聲音有節樂主於盈而曰損減亦有節之義以為州異國殊情習不同故博采風俗協比聲律以補短移化助流政教天子躬於明堂臨觀而萬民咸蕩滌邪穢斟酌飽滿以飾厥性故云雅頌之音理而民正嘄噭之聲興而士奮嘄姑堯反噭音擊鄭衞之曲動而心淫及其調和諧合鳥獸盡感而况懷五常含好惡自然之勢也治道虧缺而鄭音興起封君世辟辟亦君也名顯鄰州争以相髙自仲尼不能與齊優遂容於魯雖退正樂以誘世作五章以刺時按家語孔子嗤季桓子作歌是五章之刺猶莫之化陵遲以至六國流沔沈佚遂往不反卒於喪身滅宗并國於秦秦二世猶以為娱丞相李斯進諫曰放棄詩書極意聲色祖伊所以懼也輕積細過言惡必始於微也恣心長夜紂所以亡也趙髙曰五帝三王樂各殊名示不相襲上自朝廷下至人民得以接歡喜合殷勤非此和說不通解澤不流亦各一世之化度時之樂何必華山之騄耳而后行逺乎二世然之髙祖過沛詩三侯之章令小兒歌之過沛詩即大風歌侯語辭兮亦語辭因沛詩有三兮故云三侯髙祖崩令沛得以四時歌儛宗廟孝惠孝文孝景無所增更於樂府習常𨽻舊而已𨽻音異至今上即位作十九章按禮樂志房中樂十九章令侍中李延年次序其聲拜為協律都尉通一經之士不能獨知其辭皆集㑹五經家相與共講習讀之乃能通知其意多爾雅之文漢家常以正月上辛祠太乙甘泉以昏時夜祠到明而終常有流星經於祠壇上使僮男僮女七十人俱歌春歌青陽夏歌朱明秋歌西皥冬歌𤣥㝠世多有故不論見漢書禮樂志又嘗得神馬渥洼水中暴利長收野馬於燉煌水旁獻之欲神異此馬云從水中出○洼音窐曲之窐復次以為太乙之歌歌曲曰太乙貢兮天馬下貢作况霑赤汗兮沫流赭大宛馬汗血霑濡也流沫如赭騁容與兮跇萬里跇音逝謂超踰也今安匹兮龍與友後伐大宛得千里馬馬名蒲梢大宛舊有天馬種汗從前肩膊出如血次作以為歌歌詩曰天馬來兮從西極經萬里兮歸有徳承靈威兮降外國涉流沙兮四夷服中尉汲黯進曰凡王者作樂上以承祖宗下以化兆民今陛下得馬詩以為歌協於宗廟先帝百姓豈能知其音邪上黙然不說丞相公孫𢎞曰黯誹謗聖制當族 |
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