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Scope: 四庫全書總目提要
Condition : References 「讀史商語
Total 3

卷90 史部·史評類存目二

史部四十六·史評類存目二·讀史商語》四卷江蘇巡撫採進本

卷189 集部·總集類四

1
王志堅編。志堅有《讀史商語》,已著錄。秦、漢以來,自李斯《諫逐客書》始點綴華詞,自鄒陽《獄中上梁王書》始疊陳故事,是駢體之漸萌也。符命之作則《封禪書》、《典引》,問對之文,則《答賓戲》、《客難》,駸駸乎,偶句漸多。沿及晉、宋,格律遂成,流迨齊、梁,體裁大判,由質實而趨麗藻,莫知其然而然。然實皆源出古文,承流遞變。猶四言之詩至漢而為五言,至「六朝」而有對句,至唐而遂為近體。面目各別,神理不殊,其原本風雅則一也,厥後輾轉相沿,逐其末而忘其本。故周武帝病其浮靡,隋李諤論其佻巧,唐韓愈亦齗齗有古文、時文之辨。降而愈壞,一濫於宋人之啟札,再濫於明人之表判,剿襲皮毛,轉相販鬻;或塗飾而掩情,或堆砌而傷氣;或雕鏤纖巧而傷雅。四六遂為作者所詬厲。宋姚鉉撰《唐文粹》,至盡黜儷偶,宋祁修《新唐書》,至全刪詔令;而明之季年,豫章之攻雲間者,亦以沿溯六朝相詆,豈非作四六者,不知與古體同源、愈趨愈下,有以啟議者之口乎!志堅此編所錄,下迄於元,而能上溯於魏、晉,如敕則托始宋武帝,冊文則托始宋公《九錫文》,表則托始陸機、桓溫、謝靈運,書則托始於魏文帝、應瑒、應璩、陸景、薛綜、阮籍、呂安、陸雲、習鑿齒,序則托始陸機,論則托始謝靈運。大抵皆變體之初,儷語散文相兼而用,其齊、梁以至唐人,亦多取不甚拘對偶者。俾讀者知四六之文,運意遣詞,與古文不異,於茲體深為有功。至於每篇之末,或箋注其本事,或考証其異同,或臚列其始末,亦皆元元本本,語有實徵,非明代選本所可及。據其凡例,雖為舉業而作,實則四六之源流正變,具於是編矣,未可以書肆刊本忽之也。

卷193 集部·總集類存目三

1
王志堅撰。志堅有《讀史商語》,已著錄。是編乃其督學湖廣時所選唐宋八家古文。凡諸集中稍涉俳偶者,皆不採錄。以志堅別有《四六法海》一書,登載駢體故也。其曰瀆編者,取劉熙釋名瀆者獨也,獨出其所而注于海之義。蓋以八家為正派,餘為支流。故所選歷代之文,別名瀾編云。

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