| 中國哲學書電子化計劃 維基 |
《卷二百十二 Volume 212》[查看正文] [修改] [查看歷史]
該資料的標點符號由人工智能製作。此過程難免引入錯誤；若遇到標點錯誤，敬請自行修改。1  | 欽定四庫全書 Imperially Approved Complete Library of the Four Treasuries |
| 2 | 《山堂肆考》卷二百十二 明。 彭大翼 撰羽蟲 Volume 212 of Shantang Sikao, Ming dynasty. Peng Dayi zhuanyongchong |
| 3 | 鷹 Hawk |
| 4 | 《爾雅》鷞鳩，生一嵗為黄鷹，二嵗為鵧鷹，三嵗為鶬鷹。凡鷙鳥，生而有慧，出殻之後，即於巢外放條大鷙，恐其墜，及為日所曝，熱暍致損，乃取帶葉枝，揷其巢畔，防其外墜，及作陰凉也，欲驗雛之大小，以所揷枝葉為●，若一日二日，其葉雖萎，尚帶青色，至六日七日，其葉微黃，十日後枯悴。此時雛大可取，禽經鷹不擊伏，鶻不擊妊，葢其義性如此。 The Er Ya says: "The Shuangjiu, when one year old is called Huangying, two years old is called Qiyang, and three years old is called Changying." All birds of prey are born with wisdom. After hatching from the shell, they immediately stretch their large talons outside the nest to prevent falling and being exposed to sunlight, which could cause heatstroke and damage. Therefore, the parent bird takes a branch with leaves and inserts it beside the nest to prevent the young from falling out and to provide shade. To test whether the chick is strong or weak, they use the inserted branch's leaves as an indicator: if one or two days pass, although the leaves may wilt, they still retain some green color; by six or seven days, the leaves turn slightly yellow; after ten days, they become withered and dull. At this time, the young birds are large enough to be taken. According to the Avian Classic, hawks do not attack those that crouch down, and kites do not strike pregnant females; this is presumably their inherent virtue. |
| 5 | 祭鳥 Offering to birds |
| 6 | 《周書》：處暑之日，鷹乃祭鳥化鳩。 The Book of Zhou: On the day of Chushu, hawks begin to hunt birds and transform jiaos. |
| 7 | 《禮月令》：仲春之月始雨，水桃始華倉庚鳴，鷹化為鳩擊鵬。 The Rites of the Monthly Ordinances: In the second month of spring, rain begins to fall; the water peach begins to bloom. The canggeng bird sings; the hawk transforms into a jiu and strikes the peng. |
| 8 | 《幽明錄》：楚文王雅好田獵，天下快狗，名鷹畢集焉。有人獻一鷹為獵於雲夢，烟熖障天毛，羣羽族爭噬，競搏而此鷹，瞪目雲際，無搏噬之志。王謂獻者曰：「汝將欺予耶？」答曰：「若止效於雉兎，臣豈敢獻」。俄而雲際有一物，飛翔飄颻，鮮白而不辨其形，鷹見之，便聳翮而升，矗若飛電，須臾，羽墮如雪，血洒如雨。良久，有一大鳥墮地而死。其兩翅廣數十里，喙邊有黄，衆莫能知。時有博物君子曰：「此大鵬雛也」。文王乃厚賞之。 The Youming Lu: King Wen of Chu was fond of hunting. Fast dogs and famous hawks from all over the world gathered there. Someone presented a hawk for hunting in Yunmeng. Amidst the smoke and flames blocking the sky, flocks of birds vied to bite and fight each other, but this hawk gazed with unblinking eyes toward the clouds above, showing no desire to attack or feed. Wang said to the one who presented it, "Are you going to deceive me?" The reply said, "If it were only effective against pheasants and hares, how could I dare to present it?" Soon after, something appeared at the edge of the clouds, flying and drifting about; it was bright white but its shape could not be discerned. The hawk saw it and immediately raised its wings to ascend, towering upward like a streak of lightning. In an instant, feathers fell like snow and blood rained down like rain. After a long while, a large bird fell to the ground and died. Its two wings are several tens of li wide, and there is yellow at the edge of its beak; no one can know it. At that time, a learned gentleman remarked: "This is the chick of a great peng." King Wen then richly rewarded him. |
| 9 | 擒猴： Capture Monkey: |
| 10 | 呂次儒《義鷹記》：盱南陸氏，世䧺於貲子弟矜玩好，他日遇山夫賣猴雛，取而畜之，嵗久，猴益老，見婦女必跳梁如將近之，陸氏患焉，謀掊之死，未施手，而猴先驚畏，登屋以避禍，比夜，寂輙潛下取飲食，人動則引遁，無如之何，會少年自䖍來，臂負蒼鷹，陸氏子弟往從之，告以猴，害少年，許諾，為擒之，即俱還據髙隅，發鷹鞲，已發，則逞翮摩空，下瞰得猴處，猴猶坐不動，伺鷹垂近猴，乃急舉瓦以扞身，鷹不能得也，奮焉穿雲以逝，漸●然不可見。明日，忽聞空中有鈴聲，少年動色仰瞻之，果鷹來也，方復●翔下擊猴，仍用前計以自全失，攫抓揚翮以過，後一鷹繼至，猴不疑也，遂中其擒，少年，招得所臂鷹而逐擒者，委猴而去，葢少年之鷹，往招之而來助者也，飽則颺去。 Lü Ciru, "Ying Ji": In the southern part of Xu, there was a Lu family. The descendants of this family were proud and indulged in their wealth and pleasures. One day, they encountered a mountain man selling a baby monkey; they bought it and kept it as a pet. After many years, the monkey grew old. Whenever it saw women or girls, it would jump around as if trying to approach them. The Lu family became worried about this behavior and plotted to kill the monkey. Before they could act, however, the monkey sensed their intention and jumped onto the roof to avoid danger. At night, when everything was quiet, the monkey secretly came down to fetch food and drink; whenever it heard people moving around, it would immediately hide and escape, making it impossible for them to deal with it. At this time, a young man from Qian arrived in their area, carrying an eagle on his arm. The Lu family's descendants went after him and told the young man about the monkey problem. The young man agreed to help catch the monkey. They both climbed up to a high corner of the house together. The youth released the eagle from its glove. As soon as it was free, the eagle spread its wings and soared into the sky, looking down for the location of the monkey. The monkey remained seated in place without moving. When the eagle approached closely, the monkey suddenly threw up a tile to defend itself. The eagle could not catch it and flapped its wings furiously before flying through the clouds away, gradually disappearing from sight. The next day, he suddenly heard a bell sound in the air. The young man changed expression and looked up to gaze at it; indeed, an eagle had come. It then flew down again to attack the monkey, still using its previous strategy to protect itself from being caught, grabbing and flapping its wings as it passed by. Later, another eagle arrived, and the monkey did not suspect anything, so it was captured. The young man, having summoned his trained eagle to chase and capture the monkey, left the monkey behind and went away; for the young man's eagle had gone to summon others who came to help, and after they were full, they flew off. |
| 11 | 魏呂布嘗因陳登求徐州牧不得，布怒，登喻之曰：「登嘗見曹公言，待將軍譬如養虎，當飽其肉，不則噬人。公曰：不如卿言，譬如養鷹，饑則附人，飽則颺去，布意乃觧，飽則髙飛」。 Wei Lübu once sought the position of Muzhou Shou through Chen Deng but was unsuccessful, and Lübu became angry. Deng advised him, saying: "Deng has often heard Cao Gong say that treating a general is like raising a tiger; one should feed it enough meat, otherwise it will bite people." The official said, "It is not as you say. For instance, raising a hawk: when hungry, it clings to people; when full, it flies away. Only then did I understand his meaning—he will fly high once he is satisfied." |
| 12 | 《載記》：慕容垂猶鷹也，饑則附人，飽則髙飛，遇風雲之會，必有凌霄之志，唯宜急其覊絆，不可任其所欲。 The Zai Ji records: Murong Chui is still like an eagle, who attaches himself to others when hungry and soars high after he has eaten his fill. When encountering a moment of wind and clouds, he will surely have ambitions reaching the skies; one should therefore hasten to restrain him with bonds and must not allow him to follow his own desires. |
| 13 | 李亭好馳。 Li Ting was fond of riding fast. |
| 14 | 《西京雜記》：茂陵少年李亭好馳逐鷹鷂，皆有佳名，重誨却進。 According to Xi Jing Za Ji: The young man Li Ting from Maoling loved riding and hunting with hawks and falcons, all of which had fine names; Zhong Hui was especially valued but declined advancement. |
| 15 | 五代唐安重誨為樞宻使，夏州李仁福進白鷹，重誨却之，明宗隂遣人取入，他日，按鷹曰：「無使重誨知」。 During the Five Dynasties period, when Tang of the Later Tang dynasty was serving as Shushu Shi (Minister of the Military Secretariat), Li Renfu of Xia Zhou presented a white hawk. Zhonghui refused it, but Emperor Mingzong secretly sent someone to retrieve it. On another day, while examining the hawk, he said: "Do not let Zhonghui know." |
| 16 | 雄姿 Majestic bearing |
| 17 | 《晉傳●賦：嘴利吴㦸，目類明星，雄姿橫發逸氣，挺生猛氣。 From the Jin Zhuan: "Its beak is sharp like Wu Zhi, its eyes resemble bright stars. Its heroic bearing radiates a bold and unrestrained spirit, exuding a fierce and powerful aura." |
| 18 | 隋魏彥深賦：「惟兹禽之化育，實鍾山之所生，資金方之猛氣，擅火徳之炎精」。 Sui Wei Yanshen's fu: "Only this bird, nurtured and cultivated, truly born from Zhongshan Mountain, possessing the fierce energy of the southern direction, excelling in the fiery essence of fire virtue." |
| 19 | 愛其神俊。 He loved its divine and handsome appearance. |
| 20 | 見僧。 Met a monk. |
| 21 | 取其向背。 Take note of its orientation and direction. |
| 22 | 白居易《放鷹詩》，取其向背性制：在饑飽時不可使長飽不可使長饑。饑則力不足，飽則背人飛。 Bai Juyi's "Poem on Releasing a Hawk," takes its directional nature into account: when the hawk is hungry or full, one must not let it remain constantly satiated nor constantly starved. When hungry, its strength is insufficient; when full, it flies away from people. |
| 23 | 自劾失鷹。 He self-reported the loss of a hawk. |
| 24 | 唐源乾曜為京兆尹，留守京師，仗內白鷹，因縦失之，詔京兆督捕，獲於野，絓榛死。吏懼得罪，乾曜曰：「上仁明，必不以畜玩寘罪」。遂入自劾，帝不問。 Tang Yuan Qianyao was the governor of Jingzhao, in charge of guarding the capital. He had a white hawk inside his staff, which he let loose and lost. The emperor issued an edict ordering Jingzhao to capture it. They found it in the wild, where it had become entangled in brambles and died. The officials were afraid of being punished, but Qianyao said: "His Majesty is kind and wise; he will certainly not punish us for keeping a pet." He then entered to self-reproach himself, and the emperor did not inquire. |
| 25 | 密表求鷹。 He secretly submitted a memorial requesting hawks. |
| 26 | 唐李大亮為涼州都督，有臺使見名鷹，諷大亮獻之。大亮密表曰：「陛下絶畋獵乆矣，而使者求鷹，信陛下意，乃乖昔旨。如是，使者擅求，是使非其才」。太宗曰：「有臣如此，朕復何憂！」 During the Tang dynasty, Li Daliang served as the military governor of Liangzhou. A court official saw a famous hawk and hinted to Li Daliang that he should present it to the emperor. Daliang secretly submitted a memorial saying, "Your Majesty has long ceased hunting, yet the envoy is seeking hawks. If this reflects Your Majesty's will, it contradicts your previous decree." "If that is so, the envoy's arbitrary demands indicate that he is not a man of talent." Taizong said, "With a minister like this, what more should I worry about?" |
| 27 | 决雲兒。 Jue Yuner. |
| 28 | 唐申王有髙麗赤獵鷹，置架前目為「決雲兒凌霄君」。 The Prince Shen of the Tang dynasty had a red hunting hawk from Goryeo, which he placed on a perch in front and named "Jueyuner Lingxiao Jun." |
| 29 | 鷹一名《凌霄君。 The hawk is also known as "Lingxiao Jun." |
| 30 | 劉表歌曲 Liu Biao quge (Songs of Liu Biao) |
| 31 | 見臺 See platform |
| 32 | 《崔●咏詩》 "Poems by Cui ?? Yong Shi" (The character "●" is a placeholder or corruption; the actual name may not be fully recoverable.) |
| 33 | 見神童。 Saw a child prodigy. |
| 34 | 金眸，玉爪： Golden eyes, jade claws: |
| 35 | 杜詩金眸玉爪不凡材。 Du Shi's golden eyes and jade claws reveal his extraordinary talent. |
| 36 | 錦文纈斑。 The pattern is brocade-like with mottled spots. |
| 37 | 彥深賦貌非不一相，乃多途指重十字尾貴合盧立如植木，望似愁胡嘴，同鈎利腳等荊枯亦有白，如散花，赤如㸃血，大文若錦，細斑似纈，眼類明珠，毛猶霜雪，身重若金，爪剛如鐵。 Yanshen's appearance is not uniform; it has many paths and features a prominent cross-shaped mark at the tail, with a valuable combination of Lu Li standing like planted trees. Looking from afar, its beak resembles that of a sorrowful Hu bird, while its feet are similar to those of Tonggou. Its feathers have white parts like scattered flowers, red ones like speckled blood, large patterns resembling brocade, and fine spots akin to printed designs. Its eyes resemble pearls, its feathers look like frost and snow, its body is heavy as gold, and its claws are hard as iron. |
| 38 | 隼。 Sǔn. |
| 39 | 格物、論鷹之類，則有隼、鷂、鵰、鶻、鶚、鸇，皆鷙猛之鳥。《小雅采芑注云：「隼鷂屬」。《說文》直作為鷂，齊人謂之題肩，或曰雀鷹，春化為布榖。 In the classification of objects and discussions on hawks, there are also sǔn, yào, diāo, gū, è, zhuān; all these are fierce and bold birds. The commentary on "Xiaoya Caiqi" says: "." The Shuowen Jiezi directly refers to it as yao, the people of Qi call it Tijian, or some say Queying, and in spring it transforms into Bugu. |
| 40 | 翬翬 Huīhuī |
| 41 | 《爾雅》：鷹隼，醜其飛也。翬，言鼔，翅翬，翬然疾也。䎒䎒 The Er Ya: "Hawks and sǔn are ugly in their flight." Huī, yán gǔ; chì huī, huī rán jí ye. Yùyù |
| 42 | 《法》言麟之儀儀，鳯之師師，其至矣乎！螭虎桓桓，鷹隼䎒䎒未至也。言若鷹隼，攫撮急疾，則是右武而已，非所以語至也。 The "Fa" says: The dignified bearing of the qilin, the stately manner of the phoenix—how perfect they are! The chihu is huanhuan, the hawk and sǔn are yuyu but have not yet arrived. To speak as a hawk or sǔn does, seizing and grasping with urgency and speed, is merely to emphasize martial valor; it is not thus that one speaks of the highest virtue. |
| 43 | 射髙墉。 Shot at a high wall. |
| 44 | 《易解卦》：「公用射隼於髙墉之上，率中陵」。 The Yiji Guai: "The public official shoots a sǔn from the top of a high wall, and usually hits the hill." |
| 45 | 《詩》《小雅》：「鴥彼飛隼，率彼中陵」。《埤雅》言中陵安，靜中正。此隼之所以率也。率，循也。 The Shi Jing, "Xiaoya": "Swiftly flies the sǔn, crossing the central hills." The "Biya" says: Zhongling An, peace in the center and righteousness. This is why the sǔn leads them. Shuài means to follow. |
| 46 | 好翔 Hǎoxiáng |
| 47 | 埤雅鷹好，跱隼好翔。 The Biya says: "Hawks are fond of perching; falcons are fond of soaring." |
| 48 | 憫胎 Mǐntāi |
| 49 | 隼遇懐胎之鳥，則勿擊，故化。《書》曰：「烏反，哺仁」也。隼憫，胎義也。 When a sǔn encounters a bird that is pregnant, it should not attack; thus, it becomes tamed. The Book of Documents says: "Wu fan, bu ren." Sǔn mǐn, tāiyì ye. |
| 50 | 鶚附鸇 Yuè Fu Zhuān |
| 51 | 陸佃曰：鶚，鷙鳥鵰。類一名睢鳩，摰而有別者，又善捕魚，性好跱，故立不移處。所謂「鶚立」者，義取諸此。郯子所謂睢鳩氏，司馬以其摯而有別也，故主法制交則䨇翔。 Lu Dian said: E is a bird of prey, the diao. It is also known as Suijiu. It is fierce yet distinct, and it is also good at catching fish. Its nature likes to stand still, so it stands in one place without moving. What is referred to as "E Lu" takes its meaning from this. Tanzi referred to the Suizhou Shi. Sima considered them loyal and distinct, so they were in charge of legal systems; when exchanging interactions according to rules, they would soar aloft. |
| 52 | 俗云：「雎鳩交則䨇翔，別則立而異處，性不再匹」。 The common saying goes: "When the jujiu birds meet, they fly together; when separated, they stand apart and occupy different places, for their nature does not allow them to pair again." |
| 53 | 隂陽自然變化，論睢不再匹，百鳥不如。 The yin and yang naturally transform; the debate of Suī no longer matches, a hundred birds are not comparable. |
| 54 | 孔融薦禰衡，鷙鳥累百，不如一鶚，衆禽豈偶。 Kong Rong recommended Mi Heng. A hundred fierce birds are not as good as one osprey; among many fowls, how could this be a coincidence? |
| 55 | 見御史大夫。 He was presented to the Minister of Justice. |
| 56 | 翠鷄化 Cuījīhuà |
| 57 | 翰府名談西王母夢翠鷄五色，自空而下，化為鶚飛，去後生西子。 The Huanfu Mingtan records that the Queen Mother of Heaven dreamed of a five-colored rooster, which came down from the sky and transformed into an osprey. After it flew away, Xizi was born. |
| 58 | 韈，雀化。 Wà, a sparrow transformed. |
| 59 | 《埤雅》：「桃蟲鷦其雌鴱」。陸機曰：「今鷦鷯是也」。說苑鷦鷯巢于葦苕，繫之以髪。性甚巧，故俗呼為巧婦。一名工雀，一名女匠。其喙尖利如錐，取茅莠為巢巢，至精密，以麻紩之，如刺韈然，故又名韈雀，其化輙為鵰鶚。 The Biya says: "Taochong jiao is the female of ji." Lu Ji said: "This is the jiaoyniao of today." Shuōyuàn: The jiao ying nests in the reed sprouts, tying it with hair. Its nature is very skillful, so the common people call it the clever wife. Also known as Gongque, also known as Nüjiang. Its beak is sharp and pointed like a awl, it builds its nest with weeds, the nest being extremely delicate and precise, sewn together with hemp thread, resembling an embroidered shoe, hence it is also called "shoe sparrow," and when transformed, it becomes a sea eagle or osprey. |
| 60 | 逐雀已下鸇 Chase the sparrow The following is Zhen |
| 61 | 左文十八年，見無禮於君者誅之，若鷹鸇之逐鳥雀也」。宋劉原父鸇詩，上天賦》：爾才若不受，羈紲失身偶。見獲羞與家禽列。秋風半夜起，鴻鵠兩飄瞥。物生各自適，聽爾歸寥泬。白雲入䨇眸，尺地肯自屈。愼勿逐鷃雀，鷃雀不足絶。不至倉庫中，朋黨為盜竊，鶗鴂最堪憎，擅使芳草歇。勉力霜霰期，方為鳥中傑」。 "In the eighteenth year of Zuo Wen, those who showed no courtesy to their ruler were executed, just as hawks and falcons chase after birds and sparrows," said he. Song Liu Yuanfu's poem "Zhen Shang Tian Fu": "If your talent is not accepted, you will be bound by shackles and lose your chance of a proper match." It is ashamed to be captured and listed among domestic fowls. The autumn wind arose in the middle of the night, and wild geese and cranes were glimpsed flying past. All living things are naturally suited to their own conditions; listen as you return to boundless solitude. White clouds enter the eyes, a foot of land is willing to bend itself. Beware not to chase the yànque, for the yànque is not worth exterminating. They do not reach the storehouses; factions become thieves and robbers. The jiujue is most deserving of hatred, arbitrarily causing fragrant grass to wither. "Strive with all your might to endure the frost and sleet, and only then can you become a paragon among birds." |
| 62 | 擊鳩 Jījiū |
| 63 | 鸇，一名「晨風」。陸佃曰：鸇似鷂，黃色燕頷，向風揺翅，乃因風飛急疾，擊鳩鴿燕雀食之。 Zhūn, also known as "Chenfeng." Lu Dian said: "Zhen resembles Yao, with a yellow color and swallow-like chin. Facing the wind and flapping its wings, it takes advantage of the wind to fly swiftly, striking pigeons, doves, swallows, and sparrows for food." |
| 64 | 鷂 Yào |
| 65 | 《爾雅》：「江、淮而南，青質，五采皆備。成章曰「鷂」。《列子》曰：「鷂之為鸇，鸇之為布，榖布榖又為鷂也。一說：鷂化為鸇，鸇化為布，榖布榖為郭公，郭公復為鷂。 The Er Ya says: "South of the Yangtze and Huai rivers, they have blue bodies, with all five colors fully present. Cheng Zhang said, "Yào." The Liezi says: "From yao to zhuan, from zhuan to bu, and gu bu gu yet again becomes yao. One theory states: The yao transforms into the zhun, the zhun transforms into bu, and gu bu gu becomes Guogong, who then reverts back to a yao. |
| 66 | 捉雀 Zhuōquè |
| 67 | 《爾雅》：「鷣，負雀」。注云：「鷂也，善捉雀，逐鳩」。 The Er Ya states: "Feng is a bird that carries sparrows." The annotation says: "It is the yào, which is good at catching sparrows and chasing doves." |
| 68 | 《列仙傳》：魏公子無忌，方食，有鳩飛入案下，公子使人顧望，見一鷂在屋上飛去，公子乃縦鳩令出，鷂逐而殺之，公子暮為不食，曰：鳩避患歸無忌，竟為鷂所得，吾負之，為吾捕得。此鷂者，無忌無所愛。於是左右宣公子慈聲旁國左右捕得鷂三百餘頭，以奉公子，欲盡殺之，恐無辜，乃自按劍至其籠上，曰：誰獲罪無忌者耶？一鷂獨低，頭不敢仰視，乃取殺之，盡放其餘名，聲流布天下歸焉，見臣匿鷂。 The Lie Xian Zhuan records: Lord Wuji of the Wei family was just about to eat when a jiu flew under his table. The lord had someone look around and saw a yao flying away from atop the house. The lord then let the jiu go, and the yao chased it down and killed it. That evening, the lord refused to eat, saying: "The jiu fled from danger and sought refuge with Wuji, yet in the end was caught by the yao. I have failed it. Catch me for it." This yao is fearless and has no love for anything. At that time, the attendants on both sides of Gongzi Ci raised a commotion and captured more than three hundred yao from the left and right of Bangguo, presenting them to the prince. They wanted to kill all of them but were afraid they might be innocent. So he personally drew his sword over their cages and said: "Who has committed an offense against Wuji?" One yào flew low alone, its head dared not look up; they then captured and killed it, releasing all the others by name. The sound spread throughout the world, and people returned to them. They saw their ministers hiding yàos. |
| 69 | 唐太宗嘗得佳鷂，自臂之望見魏徴來匿懐中徴奏事，故久不覺，鷂竟死懐中。 Emperor Taizong of Tang once obtained a fine falcon, which he placed on his arm. When he saw Minister Wei Zheng approaching, he concealed the bird in his bosom and did not notice it for a long time while attending to state affairs. Eventually, the falcon died in his bosom. |
| 70 | 諷上捕鷂。 Admonished the emperor to capture yao. |
| 71 | 孔氏帖：劉齊賢出為晉州司馬，帝以其方直，尊憚之。時將軍史興宗從獵苑中，言晉州出佳鷂，可捕取。帝曰：「齊賢豈捕鷂人耶？卿安以此待之？」 Kong Shi Tie: Liu Qixian was appointed as the Sima of Jin Zhou. The emperor valued his straightforwardness and respected him highly. At that time, General Shi Xingzong followed the imperial hunt in the park and said that good yao birds were produced in Jin Zhou, which could be captured. The emperor said, "Is Qi Xian really a falconer?" "Are you going to treat him like this, Qing'an?" |
| 72 | 鵰 Diāo |
| 73 | 《埤雅》：鵰能食草，似鷹而大，黒色，俗呼皂鵰，一名鷻性刻制。 The Biya: "The diao can eat grass. It resembles an eagle but is larger, black in color; the common name for it is Zao Diao. Another name for it is Jianshen Xingkezhi." |
| 74 | 埤雅鵠性勁，利鵰性刻，制翮輕勁。 According to Biya, the hǔ bird is vigorous; the diāo bird's nature is sharp and meticulous. Its wings are light and strong. |
| 75 | 顔氏曰：鵰一名鷲，其翮可用為箭，葢鵰隼六翮，皆乘風輕勁，故堪以為箭。 Yan Shi said: "The diao is also known as the jiu. Its feathers can be used to make arrows, for the six wings of the diao and the sǔn are all light and strong in the wind; thus they are suitable for making arrows." |
| 76 | 薄雲漢。 Báoyún Hàn. |
| 77 | 《埤雅》：其飛上，薄雲漢。 The "Biya": Its flight ascends, brushing the clouds and sky. |
| 78 | 度海濤。 Cross the surging sea waves. |
| 79 | 《石曼卿詩》：「騰凌千里見纎毫勁翮，梢梢度海濤，霜草獸驚斜電落，水天鴈盡片雲髙」。 The poem by Shi Manqing: "Soaring and surging, a thousand miles reveal the fine feathers of its strong wings; shaoshao crossing the sea waves, frosty grass startles beasts as lightning slants down, water and sky geese vanish into a single high cloud." |
| 80 | 二箭下雙。 Two arrows brought down a pair. |
| 81 | 後魏秦王幹善弓馬，太宗出遊白登之東北，幹以騎從。有雙鵰飛幹，以二箭而下，雙鵰軍中，號射鵰都尉。一發貫雙。 The Later Wei Prince Qin Wang Gan was good at archery and horsemanship. When Taizong went on an outing northeast of Baideng, Gan followed along with his cavalry. There were two flying diāos, and they brought them down with two arrows. In the army of the double diāo, he was known as She-Diao Duwei. One shot pierced two targets. |
| 82 | 《隋書》長孫晟與突厥共遊獵，嘗有䨇鵰，飛而爭肉，因以兩箭與晟曰：「請射取之」。晟乃彎弓馳往，遇鵰相攫，一發而貫雙焉。 In the Sui Shu, Zhangsunsong and the Turkic people once went hunting together. There was once a large kite, flying to contend for meat; he therefore gave two arrows to Song and said: "Please shoot it down." Sheng Nai bent his bow and rushed forward, encountering a saker falcon that was seizing something; with one shot he pierced both of them. |
| 83 | 鶻。 Hú. |
| 84 | 叚氏曰：鶻生三子：一為鴟埤雅，鶻拳堅處大如彈丸，俯擊鳩鴿食之，鳩鴿中，其拳隨空中，即側身自下承之，㨗於鷹隼，或以為隼，即鶻，非也。禽經謂鷹以膺之，鶻以搰之，隼以尹之」，則是三類矣。 Jia Shi said: "Hu gives birth to three offspring: one is Chi Piya. The Hu's talons are hard and large like a bullet, and it strikes pigeons and doves from above, eating them. When the pigeon or dove is struck, its body follows through in midair; at that moment, the Hu turns sideways and descends to catch it, more agile than hawks and sǔn. Some believe that the sǔn is the same as the hu, but this is incorrect." The "Bird Classic" says, "Eagles capture with their chests, hawks with their beaks, and sǔn with their claws," which indicates three categories. |
| 85 | 義性 Yìxìng |
| 86 | 《埤雅》舊言鶻有義性，杜甫所賦義鶻行》是也。老拳。 The old saying in "Biya" states that the hu has a sense of righteousness, as is the case with Du Fu's composition "Yihu Xing." Lǎoquán. |
| 87 | 杜甫《義鶻行》曰：隂崖有蒼鷹，養子巢栢巔，白蛇登其巢，吞噬恣，朝飱雄飛逺求食，雌者鳴辛酸，力強不可制，黃口無半存，其父從西歸，翻身入長煙，斯須領健鶻，痛憤寄所宣，斗上捩孤影，噭哮來九天，修鱗脫逺枝，巨顙折老拳，髙空得蹭蹬，短草辭蜿蜒，折尾能一掉，飽腸皆已穿，生雖㓕衆雛，死亦垂千年，兹實鷙鳥最急，難心忙然擲卵。 Du Fu's "Yi Hu Xing" says: On the shady cliff there is a gray eagle, raising its young in the cypress tree. A white snake climbs into their nest and swallows them greedily. The male flies far away to find food at dawn; the female cries with bitterness. Though powerful, it cannot be controlled, leaving not even half of the yellow-beaked fledglings alive. Its father returns from the west, turning his body into long smoke. Soon after, he leads a strong hawk and expresses his pain and anger. He struggles upward alone, roaring down from the nine heavens. The snake's scales fall off distant branches; its large head is broken by an old punch. In the sky, it suffers misfortune, leaving the short grass behind in a winding path. With a flick of its tail, he breaks through, his belly full and already pierced. Though he lives to lose many young ones, even in death, his name will last for a thousand years. Indeed, this is the most urgent case among fierce birds; with difficulty, he throws away the egg in haste. |
| 88 | 《東齋記事》：范蜀公見二鶻擲卵，相上下接之，葢習飛也，其胎教之意乎？ According to Dongzhai Ji Shi: Fan Shugong saw two hawks tossing an egg, taking turns catching it from above and below. This was probably a practice of flying; could this be the meaning of prenatal education? |
| 89 | 披肝 Pīgān |
| 90 | 梅聖俞普淨院佛閣上孤鶻詩》：日㸔閣上聚，鳩鴿巢棲飲哺忘窮年，寺僧不敢施彈射，忽有蒼鶻張毒拳，死鳥堕空未及地，反翅下取如風旋，獨當屋脊恣撦磔，啄肉披肝膓，棄捐老鴟無藝，又恨怯，盤飛欲近饑，目穿逡巡鶻，飽自飛去，爭殘不辨烏與鳶，羣兒指㸃路人笑，我方吟憶秋江邊」。 From the poem "Shang Guhu at the Temple of Buddha's Pavilion, Pujing Yuan" by Mei Shengyu: "Day after day I watch them gather on the pavilion; pigeons and doves nest, roost, drink, feed their young, forgetting the years. The monks dared not shoot with bows or arrows. Suddenly a gray hawk stretched out its deadly claws. Dead birds fell from the sky before reaching the ground, as it swooped down like a whirlwind to seize them. Alone on the eaves, it freely tore and flayed the carcasses, pecking at flesh and liver. It abandoned the old kite without artistry, yet also resented its timidity, circling low in hunger, eyes piercing, hesitating as the hawk flew off after satiating itself. The scraps were fought over, no one could tell crows from kites. Children pointed and laughed, passersby mocked; I was just reciting poetry, recalling the autumn riverbank." |
| 91 | 仁義器 Rényì qì |
| 92 | 栁宗元鶻說有鷙曰鶻者，巢於長安，薦福浮圖有年矣，浮圖之人室宇於其下者，伺之甚熟，為余說之曰：「冬日之夕，是鶻也，必取鳥之盈握者，完而致之以燠，其●掌左右，易之旦，則執而上浮圖之。跂焉者縱之延其首，以望極其所如，往必背而去之，茍東矣，則是日也，不東逐西南北亦然。嗚呼！孰謂爪吻毛翮之物，而不為仁義器耶？ Liu Zongyuan's "Hulu Shuo" mentions a bird called Hulu, which nests in Chang'an. For many years now, the pagoda of Jianfu has been home to this bird. The people living under the pagoda have become very familiar with it and told me: "On winter evenings, this bird will always catch birds about the size of one's fist, keep them intact, and bring them back to warm them up. It holds these in its claws on either side, swapping them over at dawn, then carries them up onto the pagoda." Those who stretch their necks and look up to the utmost of their sight, when they go, will inevitably turn away. If it goes eastward today, then on this day, even if one does not chase after it in the east, going southwest or north would be the same. Alas! Who would say that creatures with claws, mouths, and feathered wings are not instruments of benevolence and righteousness? |
| 93 | 豪傑表。 Table of Heroes. |
| 94 | 張九齡《鷹鶻圖序》：羽族之中，絶其豪傑之表，氣感剛悍，體侔銛鋒，顧視之間，偉如也。 Zhang Jiuling, "Preface to the Hawk and Kite Painting": Among feathered creatures, they stand out as paragons of valor; their spirit is bold and fierce, their bodies as sharp as weapons. In a glance, they appear magnificent indeed. |
| 95 | 鶯 Yīng |
| 96 | 格物總論鶯黒眉紅嘴腳，青遍身黃色羽，及尾有黑毛相間，三四月鳴，聲音圓滑，一名倉庚，一名鵹黃，一名鸝鶹，一名鸝庚，或謂之黃栗畱，或謂之楚雀，或謂之黃袍，或謂之●黍，或謂之黃鳥。當椹熟時，來在桑樹，鳴則蠶熟，亦應節趨時之鳥也。 General Discussion on the Study of Things: The yīng has black eyebrows, a red beak and legs. Its body is blue-green with yellow feathers, and its tail has alternating black hairs. It sings in March or April, producing a smooth and round sound. It is also known as Canggeng, Juhuang, Liling, Ligeng, sometimes called Huangliliu, Chuoque, Huangpao, ●shu, or Huangniao. When the mulberry fruits are ripe, they come to the mulberry trees. When they sing, it means that silkworms have matured; thus, they are also birds that follow seasonal rhythms and timely changes. |
| 97 | 集灌 Jíguàn |
| 98 | 詩葛覃章，黃鳥于飛。集于灌木遷喬 The poem "Ge Tan" in the Book of Songs says: "The yellow birds are flying." They gather in the dense woods and migrate to lofty trees. |
| 99 | 《小雅》：伐木章，伐木丁丁，鳥鳴嚶嚶，出自幽谷，遷于喬木，嚶其鳴矣，求其友聲」。 The Xiao Ya: "Famu Zhang," "Cutting down trees with a clatter, birds chirping in harmony; emerging from the deep valley, moving to lofty trees. Their harmonious calls resound, seeking the voices of their companions." |
| 100 | 睍睆 Xiànhuǎn |
| 101 | 詩邶風睍睆，黃鳥載好，其音綿蠻。 The "Bian Feng" chapter of the Book of Songs says, "Xianhuan, the yellow birds are beautiful, their voices soft and gentle." |
| 102 | 《詩小雅》綿蠻黃鳥，止于丘隅鼓吹。 The Book of Songs, Minor Odes: "Mianman huangniao, zhiyu qiuyu guchui." |
| 103 | 《見春》 "Jiānchūn" |
| 104 | 簫韶》 Xiao Shao 》 |
| 105 | 李白詩：新鶯：飛入上林苑，願入簫韶雜，鳯笙，麻姑乞衣。 A poem by Li Bai: "New Oriole": Flying into the Shanglin Garden, I wish to enter the music of Xiao Shao. Phoenix sheng flute, Madam Ma Gu begs for clothes. |
| 106 | 鄭谷詩：「春雲薄薄日暉暉，宮樹烟深隔水飛，應為能歌繫仙籍，麻姑乞與女眞衣」。 A poem by Zheng Gu: "Spring clouds are thin and the sunlight is bright; palace trees, shrouded in deep smoke, fly across the water. It must be because of their ability to sing that they are recorded among immortals; Machu begs for the robe of Lady Zhen." |
| 107 | 羌兒弄笛 Qiāng'ér Nòngdí |
| 108 | 韋應物聽鶯歌，東方欲曙花冥冥，啼鶯相喚亦可聽，乍去乍來時逺近。●聞南陌又東城，忽似上林翻下苑。綿綿蠻蠻如有情，欲囀不囀意自嬌。羌兒弄笛曲未調，前聲後聲不相及。秦女學箏指猶澁，須㬰風暖朝日暾。流音變作百鳥喧，誰家懶婦驚殘夢何處愁人憶故園，伯勞飛過聲跼促。戴勝下時桑田緑，不及流鶯日日啼。花間能使萬家春，意閒有時斷續聽不了，飛去花枝猶裊裊，還棲碧樹鎻千門，春漏方殘一聲曉。 Wei Yingwu listens to the oriole's song. In the east, dawn is about to break and the flowers are dimly lit; the crying orioles calling out to each other can also be heard, coming and going suddenly, sometimes near and sometimes far. Hearing that Nanmo is once again Dongcheng, it suddenly seems as if Shanglin has turned into Xiayuan. Mianmian manman, as if full of feeling; wanting to trill but not trilling, the intention is naturally coquettish. The Qiang child plays the flute, but the tune is not yet in harmony; the preceding notes and following notes do not connect. The Qin girl studying the zither still has clumsy fingers; it is necessary to wait for warm spring winds and a bright morning sun. The flowing melody transforms into the clamor of a hundred birds; whose lazy wife is startled from her broken dream? Where is the sorrowful person who remembers their old home? The bulao bird flies past, its voice constrained and hurried. When the Tree-pipit flies down and mulberry fields turn green, it is not as beautiful as the daily singing of the oriole. Among the flowers, it can bring spring to ten thousand homes. When idle, its song sometimes comes and goes, too lovely to cease listening; flying away from a flower branch, it still sways gently. It returns to perch on green trees behind a thousand locked gates. The spring night is just waning when one morning call is heard. |
| 109 | 呼公子。 Hū Gōngzǐ. |
| 110 | 唐●宗於禁苑中見黃鶯，呼為「金衣公子」，妒歌童」。 Emperor Taizong of Tang saw a yellow oriole in the imperial garden, called it "Jin Yi Gongzi," and envied the songboy. |
| 111 | 《韓退之「和武相公早，春聞鶯詩早晩飛來入錦城，誰人教解百般聲」。「春風紅樹驚眠處似妒歌童作艷聲攫巾 "By Han Tuozhi, 'In Accordance with Minister Wu's Early Spring Hearing the Oriole Poem: "Early or late they fly to Jin Cheng, who taught them to understand a hundred kinds of sounds."'" "The spring wind, the red trees, and the place where I was startled from sleep seems to be jealous of the songboy's beautiful voice. Snatching up my headscarf..." |
| 112 | 鶴林玉露，婺州治古木之上，有鶯巢一卒探取其子，郡守王夢龍方據案視事，鶯忽飛下，攫一卒之巾以去。已而知其非此卒也，啣巾來還，乃徑攫探巢者之巾而去。太守推問其故，杖此卒而逐之，禽鳥之靈識如此擲梭。 In the area of Helin Yulu, in Wuzhou, on an ancient tree at the site of a former government office, there was a nest of orioles. A soldier suddenly climbed up to take their young. At that time, the local governor Wang Menglong was just sitting at his desk handling official business when an oriole suddenly flew down and snatched away the soldier's headscarf before flying off. Later, realizing that these were not the soldiers in question, he returned with a cloth on his mouth and nose, and directly seized the cloth from those who had searched the nest and left. The governor investigated the matter and flogged this soldier, expelling him. The intelligence of these birds recognized such a thrown shuttle in this way. |
| 113 | 唐詩鶯擲金梭織柳絲。 A Tang poem says, "The oriole casts golden shuttles to weave willow threads." |
| 114 | 韜光養羽。 Táoguāng yǎngyǔ. |
| 115 | 《黃山谷》、《咏鶯遷谷詩》，鴉舅頗強聒，僕姑嘗勃磎。黃鳥懐好音，秋菊染春衣。嚶嚶求朋友，憂患同一枝。提壺要酤我杜宇，賦式微。黃鳥在幽谷，韜光養羽儀。晴風耀桃李，言語自知時。 "The Huangshan Gu," "Ode to the Oriole's Migration to the Valley," my maternal uncle is quite persistent in his nagging, and I once resolutely resisted. The yellow bird longs for sweet songs, and autumn chrysanthemums dye spring garments. Crying out for friends, in sorrow and hardship we share the same branch. Carry the pot and urge me to drink my Du Yu, compose Shi Wei. The yellow bird dwells in a secluded valley, concealing its brilliance while nurturing its feathers and demeanor. Clear winds shine upon peaches and plums; words are known by their season. |
| 116 | 應節趨時 Responding to the season and moving with the times. |
| 117 | 見格物論 See Ge Wu Lun. |
| 118 | 轉新哢。 Zhuan Xinlong. |
| 119 | 《石舎人》詩：「何處轉新哢，間闗出建章。至清無奈玉，更巧莫如簧」。又楊誠齋詩啄菢雙雙子，經營寸寸茅何時雛，脫●，新哢響交交」。 The poem "Shi Sheren": "Where does the new trill turn, emerging with difficulty from Jianzhang." "As pure as jade is powerless, and nothing is more skillful than a reed flute." Another line from Yang Chengzhai's poem reads: "Pecking and brooding, a pair of young ones; When will the nest be built inch by inch? The fledglings escape ●, New songs echo in harmony." |
| 120 | 流，好音。 Flow, good sound. |
| 121 | 詩「選楊園流，好音。又張文潛《臨汝四月聞鶯詩》：「好音終在耻爭先，谷外寒多故後遷，已過花時亦何恨，不妨夏木緑參天」。 The poem: "Choose the stream of Yangyuan, a pleasant sound. Zhang Wenqian's "Poem on Hearing the Song of a Yellow Oriole in Linru in April" says: "The sweet song remains modest and does not vie for precedence; it lingers outside the valley where cold persists, thus delayed. Having passed the blooming season, what regret can there be? It harms not the summer trees whose greenery reaches up to the sky." |
| 122 | 白鷴 Báijì |
| 123 | 格物縂論鷴形類雉翟，白質，黒章，尾長四五尺，嘴爪純丹，最為可玩，然又有青者，有黒者，皆不雜於凢鳥。閩越王嘗獻漢高祖白鷴、黒鷴各一，帝大悅，厚賜之耿介。 Ge Wu Zonglun: The jì resembles the zhi and di, has white feathers with black patterns, a tail four or five chi long, beak and claws entirely crimson; it is most pleasing to behold. However, there are also blue ones and black ones, none of which are mixed with ordinary birds. The King of Minyue once presented Emperor Gaozu of Han with one white jì and one black jì. The emperor was very pleased, and greatly rewarded them for their integrity. |
| 124 | 李太白白鷴詩》，并序聞黃山胡公有雙白鷴，葢是家雞所伏，自小馴狎，了無驚猜，以其名呼之，皆就掌取食，然此鳥耿介，尤難畜之。余平生酷好，竟莫能致，而胡公輙贈於我，唯求一詩，予欣然援筆文，不加㸃以贈之，詩云：「請以雙白璧致君，雙白鷴白鷴如白，錦白雪恥容顔照，影玉潭裏刷毛琪，樹間夜棲寒月靜，朝歩落花閒清閒」。 The poem "Li Taibai's White Jì Poem," with a preface: I heard that Master Hu Gong of Huangshan had a pair of white jì. They were apparently hatched from domestic chickens, and since young they have been tamed and familiarized; they show no fear or suspicion. When called by their names, they would come to one's palm for food. However, this bird is particularly upright and difficult to keep in captivity. What I have passionately loved throughout my life, yet could never obtain, the Duke Hu suddenly gave to me. He only asked for a poem in return. Delighted, I took up my brush and wrote it without making any corrections before giving it to him. The poem reads: "Please present these two white jade discs to you, two white jis, their whiteness as pure as snow; the embroidered snow is ashamed of its own pale face when reflected in the mirror. Their feathers are brushed with jade-like brilliance in the clear pond. At night they roost among trees beneath a cold moon's stillness; by morning they walk leisurely through fallen blossoms." |
| 125 | 蕭頴士白鷴賦白鷴羽，族之幽竒也。神貌清閒，不雜於衆禽，棲止深遐，與人境罕接，固莫得而馴狎也。上聞而徴焉，處以彫籠，致以驛騎。將集長揚游太液，行有日矣。天寶丁卯秋，予旅東陽，適與兹鳥偕至於會稽之傳舎，因感而賦之。 Xiao Yingshi's Fu Baiji Feathers are the secluded and extraordinary treasures of their kind. Its divine appearance is clear and leisurely, not mingling with other birds; it dwells in remote depths, rarely coming into contact with human dwellings, thus no one can tame or be familiar with it. The emperor heard of it and summoned him, placing him in an ornate cage and sending a relay rider to bring him. The emperor was to gather at Changyang and tour Taiye, and the date had already been set. In the autumn of Tianbao Dingmao, I was traveling in Dongyang and coincidentally arrived at this bird together at a roadside inn in Kuaiji, so I felt moved and composed this piece. |
| 126 | 玉兔精神。 The spirit of the jade rabbit. |
| 127 | 梅聖俞、送白鷴與永叔詩玉兎精神憐已久，金鑾人物世無雙休爭白鶴臨清沼，且伴鳴雞向緑牎。 Mei Shengyu, in the poem "Sending a White Jì to Yongshu": "The jade rabbit's spirit has been pitied for long; the golden phoenix-like figure is without equal in this world. Do not contend with the white crane by the clear pond; instead, keep company with the crowing rooster at the green window." |
| 128 | 山雞形狀 The shape of a pheasant. |
| 129 | 《魏野詩：山鷄形狀羽毛新，文似漣漪動白蘋，物異恩殊堪愛。重廟堂人，寄草堂人。 From the poetry of Wei Ye: "The shape and plumage of the mountain chicken are fresh, its pattern resembles ripples on water moving white lotus leaves; this creature is unique and deserves affection." Those who value the court, and those who dwell in thatched cottages. |
| 130 | 懐溪水 Huáixī Shuǐ |
| 131 | 《蘇潁濵詩》：白鷴形似鵠，揺曵尾，能長，寂寞懐溪水，低回愛稲梁。 From "Su Yingbin Shi": The white jì resembles a hú in shape, sways its tail, and can grow long. In solitude it thinks of the stream water, circling low to love rice and grain. |
| 132 | 墜厓山 Zhuì Yashan |
| 133 | 兩山墨談，厓山之敗，陸秀夫抱祥興，帝與俱赴水時，御舟一白鷴奮擊哀鳴，與籠墜水中以死。其視太宗榻前之犬，其感恩狥主之誼又過之矣。然則委而去之如陳宜中輩者，是果何心哉！ In the two mountains' black talk, at Yashan's defeat, Lu Xiufu held Xiangxing, and when the emperor went together into the water, a white jì fiercely struck and mournfully cried on the imperial boat, falling with the cage into the water to die. Its loyalty and gratitude toward its master surpassed even that of the dog before Emperor Taizong's couch. If so, then those who abandoned their posts and left like Chen Yizhong and his ilk—what kind of heart did they truly have! |
| 134 | 雉 Zhì |
| 135 | 《埤雅》：雉飛若矢，一往而墮，崇不過丈，脩不過三丈」。《說文》：雷始動，雉鳴而雊，其頸雉名華蟲，出尚書》祭宗廟之雉，曰䟽趾，出曲禮。爾雅》：青質五色者曰鷂，雉長尾。走且鳴者曰鷮，雉黃色鳴。自呼者曰鳪雉，似山雞而小者曰鷩雉，五色皆備。成章者曰翬，此《左傳所謂五雉也。《埤雅》又有翟雉、長尾，雨雪䧏，惜其尾棲樹杪，不敢下食，往往餓死。葢文之溺物也如此。故禽經霜，傅彊枝。鳥以武生者，少雪封枯，原鳥以文死者多中旌旄。 The "Biya" says: "Pheasants fly like arrows, going forward once and then falling. Their height does not exceed one zhang, and their length does not exceed three zhang." The Shuowen Jiezi says: "When thunder begins to rumble, the pheasant crows and calls out. The name of its neck is Huachong, as mentioned in the Book of Documents. Pheasants offered at ancestral temple sacrifices are called Shuzhi, according to the Rites of Zhou." The Er Ya says: "Those with a blue body and five colors are called yao; the zhì has a long tail." The one that runs and crows is called Jiāo, a yellow pheasant that crows. Those that call themselves are called Fengchi, and those similar to pheasants but smaller are called Bichi, with all five colors fully present. The one who completed the chapter is called Hui. This is what is referred to in the Zuo Zhuan as the "five pheasants." The "Biya" also mentions the dazhi, longwei, yuxueyuan, and xiqi. The latter has a beautiful tail and roosts in tree tops, too afraid to descend for food, often starving to death. This is how the affection for objects of Gai Wen manifests. Therefore, the bird is exposed to frost and perches on a strong branch. Birds that survive through strength rarely encounter snow sealing the withered grass; native birds that perish due to elegance often end up among banners and flags. |
| 136 | 《夏書》「羽畎夏翟。注云：「羽畎，羽山之谷也。夏翟，雉名雉，具五色，其羽中旌旄，故貢之」。 The "Book of Xia" says, "Feathered Quan Xia Di. Zhu Yun: "Yuquan is the valley of Yushan." Xia Zhai, a kind of pheasant. It has five colors on its body; its feathers are suitable for banners and flags, so it was offered as tribute." |
| 137 | 薦宗廟 Offered in the ancestral temple |
| 138 | 《孝經援神契》：周成王時，越裳氏獻白雉。又漢平帝元始元年，越裳重譯獻白雉一，黒雉二，詔使三公薦宗廟升鼎。 The Xiaojing Yuanshen Qi: During the reign of King Cheng of Zhou, the Yuechang Shi presented white pheasants. In the first year of Yuanshi reign period of Emperor Ping of Han, Yueshang, through multiple interpreters, presented one white pheasant and two black pheasants. An edict was issued ordering the Three Dukes to present them at the ancestral temple's sacrificial tripod. |
| 139 | 尚書大傳：髙宗祭成湯，有飛雉升鼎耳而雊，祖已曰：雉，野鳥也。今升鼎逺方，將有來朝者乎？ The Shangshu Dachuan: Gaozong sacrificed to King Chengtang, and a pheasant flew up onto the ear of the tripod cauldron and called out. Zu Yi said: "A pheasant is a bird of the wild." Now that the tripod of power has ascended to a distant land, will there be those who come to pay homage? |
| 140 | 隨車 Suíchē |
| 141 | 漢蕭望之為郎，有雉數十，常隨車翔集求牡。 In the Han dynasty, Xiao Wangzhi was a Lang officer. There were dozens of pheasants that often followed his carriage, flying and gathering around to seek males. |
| 142 | 詩：「邶風有瀰濟盈有鷕，雉鳴濟盈不濡軌，雉鳴求其牡」。注云：「鷕，雌雉聲飛曰雌，雄走曰牝牡」。 The poem says: "In the 'Feng of Bei,' the river Mi overflows with the cry of a wild goose; pheasants call as the river overflows, yet their wheels are not muddied. Pheasants call in search of their males." The annotation says: "Yǎo, the female pheasant's sound flying is called female, and the male running is called Yin and Yang." |
| 143 | 求雌 Qiúcí |
| 144 | 《詩：小雅》，雉之朝。飛尚求，其雌士䞇。 The Book of Songs: Minor Odes, The Pheasant's Morning. Flying still seeks, its female male. |
| 145 | 《儀禮》「士相見禮各執雉」。注云：「取其守介，不失節，后服」。 The Yili says, "In the 'Rites of a Gentleman's First Meeting,' each person holds a pheasant." Zhu yun: "Qu qi shou jie, bu shi jie, hou fu." |
| 146 | 《埤雅》：其交有時，別有倫，而其羽可用為儀，故古者后車三翟。 The Biya says: "Their mating has its time, their separation follows order; and their feathers can be used as ceremonial ornaments. Hence in ancient times the queen's chariot was adorned with three pheasants." |
| 147 | 飛不越分界。 They do not fly across the boundary. |
| 148 | 《埤雅》：雉死，耿介，妒壟䕶疆，善鬬，雖飛不越，分界一界之內，要以一雄為長，餘者雖衆，莫敢鳴雊，潘岳所謂「畫墳衍以分畿」者也。又《抱朴子》曰：「雞有專棲之雄，雉有擅澤之鷮。 The Biya says: When a pheasant dies, it remains 耿 jie (upright and incorruptible), jealous of its territory, good at fighting, and although it flies, it does not cross boundaries. Within one boundary area, there must be one male as the leader; others, though numerous, dare not call out or make noises, which is what Pan Yue referred to as "drawing a demarcation line to divide the fief." The Baopu Zi also says: "Among chickens, there are males who exclusively occupy a roost; among pheasants, there are those who monopolize the dewy marshes." |
| 149 | 性不處下濕。 Its nature is not to dwell in low, damp areas. |
| 150 | 雉性不處下濕，故一名《原禽童子化》。 The pheasant's nature is not to dwell in low, damp places; hence it has another name, "Yuan Qin Tongzi Hua." |
| 151 | 《列異傳》：「秦穆公時，陳倉人掘地得物，若羊非羊，若豬非豬，牽以獻公。道逢二童子，童子曰：此名為媪，常在地食死人腦。若欲殺之，拍捶其首。媼復曰：彼二童子名為陳寳，得雄者王，得雌者覇陳倉人，舍媼逐二童子，童子化為雉，飛入平林，陳倉人吿穆公，穆公大獵，果得其雉，又化為石，置之汧、渭之間。至文公時，為立祠，名陳寳祠，野人獻。 The Lieyi Zhuan states: "During the reign of Duke Mu of Qin, a man from Chen Cang dug up an object that was neither sheep nor pig. He led it to present to the duke." On the way, he encountered two boys. The boys said: "This is called Ao; it often lives underground and feeds on the brains of dead people." If you want to kill it, strike its head with a slap. The old woman said again: "Those two boys are named Chen Bao. He who obtains the male will become king, and he who obtains the female will become a hegemon." The people of Chencang abandoned the old woman to pursue the two boys, but the boys transformed into pheasants and flew into Pinglin. The people of Chencang informed Duke Mu, who then organized a grand hunt and indeed captured that pheasant; it again transformed into stone and was placed between Qian and Wei rivers. During the reign of Duke Wen, a shrine was established for him, named Chen Bao Shrine. A rustic man presented an offering. |
| 152 | 孔帖五代唐明宗入汴州，莊宗至萬勝鎭，不得進，與元行欽登道旁塜置酒，相顧泣下。有野人獻雉，問其塚名，野人曰：「愁臺也」。 Kong Tie of the Five Dynasties, during Emperor Taizong of Later Tang's entry into Bian Zhou, Emperor Zhuangzong arrived at Wansheng Zhen but could not advance. He and Yuan Xingqin climbed a mound by the roadside to set out wine, looking at each other and shedding tears. There was a wild man who presented a pheasant. He asked the name of its tomb, and the wild man said: "It is Chou Tai." |
| 153 | 如臯射。 Like the archery in Rugao. |
| 154 | 見美婦。 He saw a beautiful woman. |
| 155 | 中牟馴。 Zhongmou Xun. |
| 156 | 見縣令。 Jiàn Xiànlìng. |
| 157 | 見西河。 Jiàn Xīhé. |
| 158 | 漢桓帝永康七年，白雉見於西河，出孟山。 In the seventh year of Yongkang reign period of Emperor Huan of Han, a white pheasant was seen in Xīhé, emerging from Mengshan. |
| 159 | 《典略》：白雉、熊宗之精，出於孟山雉登銘柱。 The Dianlue: The white pheasant and Xiong Zong's essence emerge from the Shengshan Pheasant Ascension Inscription Pillar. |
| 160 | 《魏志》：「雄雉飛來。登王●直內，銘柱頭，令管輅作卦，曰：「至三月必遷」。至期，果為渤海守。 The Records of Wei: "A male pheasant flew over." He went to the Wáng●zhí Nei, had an inscription carved on a column head, and ordered Guan Lu to cast a hexagram. He said: "By March he will surely be transferred." By the appointed time, he was indeed made governor of Bohai. |
| 161 | 雉雊武庫 Zhìgòu Wǔkù |
| 162 | 見博學。 He saw the learned and erudite. |
| 163 | 雉集縣署。 Pheasants gathered at the county office. |
| 164 | 唐咸通十一年夏，雉集河內縣署雉飛齋宮。 In the summer of the eleventh year of Tang Xiantong, pheasants gathered at Zhifei Zhai Palace in Hedong Xian. |
| 165 | 《五行志》：開元十三年十一月，雄雉馴飛泰山齋宫內，因感作操。 The Records of the Five Elements: In the eleventh month of Kaiyuan thirteenth year, a male pheasant flew tamed into the Zhai Gong within Mount Tai, and thus was inspired to compose this piece. |
| 166 | 衛侯女嫁於齊太子，中道太子死，傅母曰：「且往臨」。䘮喪畢，女不肯歸，繼之以死。傅母悔之，取女所操琴于塜上鼓之。忽有二雉，俱出墓中，傅母悲痛，援琴作雉朝飛，操因諌撤翳。 The daughter of Marquis Weihou married the Crown Prince of Qi. On their way to Qi, the crown prince died. The nursemaid said: "Let us proceed and attend the funeral rites." After the mourning period ended, the woman refused to return home and eventually died as a result. Fumu regretted it and took the zither that her daughter had played from on top of the mound and played it. Suddenly, two pheasants appeared, both coming out from the tomb. The nursemaid was deeply grieved and took up a zither to play "The Pheasant Flying at Dawn." Because of this, the official advised her to remove the shade. |
| 167 | 吳孫權數出射雉，潘濬諌權權，曰：「時特暫出耳！不復如往日也」。濬曰：「天下未定萬㡬，務多射雉，非急●絶括破，皆能為害」。權乃手自撤壊雉翳，由是不復射雉。 Wu Sunquan often went out to hunt pheasants. Pan Jun advised Sun Quan, saying: "This is merely a temporary outing!" "Was no longer as it had been in the past." Jun said: "The world is not yet settled, myriad affairs; it is urgent to shoot many pheasants. If not quickly sealed and broken, they can all cause harm." Quan then personally removed the pheasant blinds, and from then on he no longer hunted pheasants. |
| 168 | 雊于孔庭 Gòu yú Kǒngtíng |
| 169 | 孔述睿下除武成令，有雉雊于庭，雊于高寢。 Kong Shurui was appointed as the magistrate of Wucheng, and there were pheasants calling in his courtyard and on the high hall. |
| 170 | 髙駢進都綂，㑹二雉雊于寢，占者曰：「軍府將空」。駢惡之姱姿。 Gao Pian jin Ducong, two pheasants called out in the sleeping quarters; a diviner said: "The military headquarters will be vacated." The graceful beauty of the evil ones gathered together. |
| 171 | 潘岳射雉，賦渉青林。以游覽兮，樂羽族之羣飛。聿毛采之英麗兮，有五色之名翬。厲耿介之専心兮，奓雄艷之姱姿。廵丘陵以經界兮，畫墳衍而分畿。 Pan Yue shot a pheasant and composed a verse about crossing the green woods. To wander and sightsee, rejoicing in the flocking of feathered creatures. The fine and beautiful feathers of Yùmáo cǎi have five colors, known as Huī. With a resolute and upright heart, I strive; with a bold and graceful beauty, I display my form. Surveying the hills and valleys to establish boundaries, they marked the plains and divided the capital territories. |
| 172 | 綺翼 Qǐyì |
| 173 | 《李白雉》：《朝飛曲》：麥隴青青，二月時白雉朝飛挾兩雌。錦衣綺，翼何褵褷，犢牧採薪感之悲。 "Li Bai Zhi": "Chao Fei Qu": The wheat fields are verdant, in the second month white pheasants fly at dawn with two females. With brocade clothes and gorgeous wings, how could they be so tattered? The calf grazing and gathering firewood felt the sorrow of this. |
| 174 | 將雛： Jiāngchú: |
| 175 | 唐王建《雉將雛曲》：雉咿喔雛出，殻毛，斑斑嘴啄啄，學飛未得一尺髙，還逐母行旋母腳，麥壠淺淺難蔽身，逺去戀雛低怕人，時時土中鼓兩翅，引雛食蟲不相離，誘族 Tang Wang Jian's "Cuckoo with Chicks Song": The pheasant coos as the chicks emerge, their downy feathers speckled; pecking here and there, they learn to fly but can barely rise a foot high. Still, they follow their mother closely, circling around her feet. In the shallow wheat fields, it's hard for them to hide their bodies. When they go far away, they long for their chicks and lower themselves in fear of people. Often, they flap both wings in the soil, calling the chicks to eat insects without parting from each other. Lure clan |
| 176 | 元稹雉媒詩：雙雉在野時，可憐，同嗜欲，一雉獨先飛，暗被潛羈束，啖養能幾時，反與他心腹，置在芳草中，翻令誘同族。前時相失者，思君意彌䔍，逺見爾文章，知君草中伏，和鳴忽相召，又啄翳前粟，歛翅逺投君，飛馳勢奔蹙，●挂在君前，向君聲促促，信君决不疑，不道君反覆山雞附吐綬 Yuan Zhen's poem "Zhi Mei Shi" (The Pheasant as a Bait): When two pheasants are in the wild, they are pitiable, sharing desires and appetites. One pheasant flies away first alone, secretly bound and restrained. How long can it be fed and nurtured before it instead becomes another's trusted companion? Placed among fragrant grasses, it ironically lures its own kind. The one who had lost sight of you before, my longing for you has grown even stronger. From afar I see your fine plumage and know that you are hiding in the grass. We call to each other in harmony; suddenly we peck at the millet in front of the shade. Drawing our wings close, we fly far toward you with a hurried rush. ● hangs before you, facing you I make urgent calls. I trust you without doubt, never expecting that you would be fickle like the pheasantFutoushou |
| 177 | 山雞，名鵕䴊，一名錦，鷄吐綬，鳥一，名眞珠。愛毛則溺。 The mountain pheasant, named Jūnjiāo, also known as Jin, Ji Tushou, and the bird Yi, is named Zhenzhu. If one loves the feathers, then one drowns. |
| 178 | 《博物志》：「山雞有美毛，自愛其毛，終日映水，目●則溺，鑑形而舞。 The "Book of Natural Curiosities" states: "The mountain pheasant has beautiful feathers and loves its own plumage. It gazes at itself in the water all day, and when it looks intently, it drowns, dancing while observing its reflection." |
| 179 | 《異苑：魏文帝時，南方獻山雞，帝欲其鳴舞而無由公子，蒼舒令以大鏡着其前，雞鑑形而舞不知止，遂至死，韋仲將為之賦。 The Yiyuan: During the reign of Emperor Wen of Wei, a southern region presented a mountain chicken. The emperor wanted it to sing and dance but could not find a way to do so. Cang Shu ordered that a large mirror be placed before it; the chicken saw its reflection in the mirror and danced without stopping until it died. Wei Zhongjiang composed an ode for it. |
| 180 | 利距善鬭。 With sharp claws and good at fighting. |
| 181 | 格物論雞利距善鬭，世以家雞鬭之則可擒，清唳相呼。 The "Ge Wu Lun" says that the Jili Ju bird is good at fighting. The world uses domesticated chickens to fight it, and thus can capture it; they call out with clear cries to each other. |
| 182 | 歐陽公《錦雞詩》：髙田啄秋粟，下澗飲泉瀬，清唳或相呼，舞影還自愛。豈知文章累，遂使網羅挂。及禍誠其媒，求友反遭賣，有身乃吾患，斷尾亦前戒，不羣世所驚，甚美衆之害，《稻》《粱》雖云厚，樊縶豈為泰？山林歸無期，羽翮日已鎩。用晦有名言，《書》之為可誡。 Ouyang Gong's "Brocade Pheasant Poem": "In high fields they peck at autumn millet, in low gullies they drink spring streams; their clear cries sometimes call to each other, and their dancing shadows are loved by themselves." How could they know that literary talent would bring misfortune, thus causing them to be caught in nets and snares? When beauty and virtue become the 媒, seeking friends only leads to betrayal; having a body brings me misfortune, cutting off my tail serves as a prior warning. Not belonging to society causes surprise among people; being too beautiful invites harm from the masses. Although "Dao" and "Liang" are said to be generous, how can confinement within fences ever be peaceful? The return to the mountains and forests has no fixed time; day by day, my wings are already drooping. Yong Hui has a famous saying: "The Book" is indeed something to be cautious about. |
| 183 | 有文無語。 It has patterns but no words. |
| 184 | 張芸叟集焦君以錦雞為贈，文彩可愛，性復馴狎，然終日為家貓所困，遂復挈還，仍嗣短句曰：「魯恭感物性能馴，因把華蟲贈里仁，雖有文章堪悅目，却無言語解謀身，只愁貓，犬常窺汝胡，不山林逺避人，好在舊，籠還舊主，便當歸放澗之濵」。 Zhang Yun 叟's collection, Master Jiao gave him a golden pheasant as a gift. Its colorful feathers were lovely and its nature was gentle and tame; however, it was troubled all day by the household cats, so he returned it again. He composed these short verses: "Lu Gong moved people with his virtue, thus presenting this beautiful bird to Li Ren. Although its plumage is admirable enough to please the eye, it has no words to save itself. I only worry that cats and dogs will often watch you from afar; why not escape into the mountains and forests to avoid people? Better return the old cage to its former owner, then release it by the riverbank." |
| 185 | 翻草啄花。 Flipping through grass to peck at flowers. |
| 186 | 《溫庭筠《山雞詩》：石壑動晴景山禽凌，翠微繡翎翻草去紅嘴啄花歸巢暖碧雲色影孤青。鏡輝不知春樹畔，何處又分飛。 Wen Tingyun's "Shanji Shi" ("Poem on the Mountain Pheasant"): "The stone ravine stirs in bright scenery, the mountain bird soars; Through emerald mist it flips its embroidered feathers and leaves the grass behind. Its red beak pecks at flowers and returns to a warm nest where blue clouds color its shadow alone." Jinghui did not know by which spring tree, where else would they part again. |
| 187 | 向陽舒已下吐綬 Facing the sun, it stretches out the following is tushou. |
| 188 | 格物論吐綬，鳥大如家，雞母羽毛，有白圓㸃嗉，內蔵肉，綬濶數寸，紅碧相間，極為煥爛，常時不見須晴，日則向日擺之頂上，先出兩角，然後徐舒其綬，逾時悉斂，縦使盡抜，其毛不復見，或有死者，割其頸，臆亦無所覩。張芸叟咏薛判官吐綬鳥詩：「雲飛水宿永相忘，却向雕籠仰稲粱，春草滿山歸不得，向人猶自吐文章」。 The Ge Wu Lun Tushou is a bird as large as a domestic fowl. Its mother has feathers with white round spots on the throat, and inside it contains meat. The tushou measures several cun in width, alternating between red and green hues, extremely brilliant; normally invisible unless on sunny days, when it faces the sun to display it atop its head. First two horns emerge, then gradually extend their tushous. After some time they fully retract. Even if one pulls them out completely, the feathers will not be seen again. Sometimes those that die have their necks cut open, yet nothing is found in the chest. Zhang Yunsou's poem about Xue Panguan's Toushou bird: "Clouds fly, water hosts, forever forgotten; yet toward the carved cage he looks up for rice and grain. Spring grass fills the mountains, but return is impossible; still facing people, he continues to utter literary works." |
| 189 | 迎風吐 Yíngfēngtǔ |
| 190 | 劉禹錫詩：四明天姥神仙地，朱鳥星精鍾異氣，赤玉雕成彪炳毛，紅綃剪出玲瓏翅，湖烟始開山日髙，迎風吐綬盤花條，臨波似染琅玕，草暎葉疑開王母桃花紅草緑，人間事，未若靈禽自然貴，鶴吐明珠暫報㤙，鵲銜金印空為瑞，春和秋霽野花開，玩景尋芳處處來，翠幕雕籠非所慕，珠丸柘彈莫先猜，棲月啼烟凌縹緲髙林先見金霞曉，三山仙路寄遙情，刷羽揚翎欲上征。不學碧雞依井絡，願隨青鳥向層城。太液池中有黃鵠，憐君常向卑枝宿。何如一借羊角風，來聽簫韶九成曲」。按此詩云迎風吐綬。及考埤雅又云吐有時風不吐雨，不吐有驚懼之虞，亦不吐二說，未知孰是。 A poem by Liu Yuxi: "The Four Ming Tianmu is a land of immortals and spirits. The Vermilion Bird's star essence gathers rare energy. Crimson jade carves its brilliant feathers, red silk cuts out delicate wings. When the lake mist first clears and mountain sun rises high, it meets the wind with tassels curling in floral patterns. Approaching water as if dyed by lapis, grass shadows reflect leaves that seem to bloom like Queen Mother's peach blossoms, red flowers and green grass. Human affairs are not as precious as this divine bird naturally. A crane spits out a pearl temporarily to repay kindness; magpies carry golden seals in vain for auspiciousness. In spring warmth and autumn clear skies, wildflowers bloom, seeking scenery and fragrance everywhere. Green curtains and carved cages are not desired; pearl balls and zhe bullets need no prior suspicion. Roosting under moonlight, crying through mist, ascending to the pale heights of high woods before dawn's golden 霞 appears. The Three Mountains' immortal path 寄托 s distant feelings, brushing feathers and raising wings ready for a journey." I do not wish to imitate the green jī bird perching by the well, I would rather follow the blue bird toward the lofty city. In Taiye Chi there is a yellow hú; I pity you for often resting on low branches. "How about borrowing a ram's horn wind for one moment, to come and listen to the Xiaoshao nine-fold melody." According to this poem, it says "Facing the wind and spitting out the ribbon." According to the Pei Ya, when it is windy, it does not emit; when there is rain, it emits. When it does not emit, there is a danger of alarm and fear; also, there are two interpretations about whether or not it emits, but no one knows which is correct. |
| 191 | 《山堂肆考》卷二百十二 Volume 212 of Shantang Sikao |
URN: ctp:ws312205
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