| | 第六: |
魯恭王得文木一枚，伐以為器，意甚玩之。中山王為賦曰：「麗木離披，生彼高崖。拂天河而布葉，橫日路而摧枚。幼雛羸鷇，單雄寡雌，紛紜翔集，嘈嗷鳴啼。載重雪而稍勁風，將等歲於二儀。巧匠不識，王子見知。乃命班爾，載斧伐斯，隱若天崩，豁如地裂。華葉分披，條枝摧折。既剝既刊，見其文章。或如龍盤虎踞，復以鸞集鳳翔。青緺紫綬，環璧珪璋。重山累嶂，連波疊浪。奔電屯雲，薄霧濃雰。麚宗驥旅，鷄族雉群。蠋繡鴦錦，蓮藻芰文。色比金而有裕，質參玉而無分。裁為用器，曲直舒卷，脩竹映池，高松植巘。制為樂器，婉轉蟠紆，鳳將九子，龍導五駒。制為屏風，鬱岪穹隆。制為杖几，極麗窮美。制為枕案，文章璀璨，彪炳渙汗。製為盤盂，采玩蜘躕。猗歟君子，其樂只且！」恭王大悅，顧盻而笑，賜駿馬二匹。 |
| | The Lu Gongwang obtained a piece of rare wood, felled it to make an object, and was very fond of it. The Zhongshan Wang composed a fu saying: "Beautiful trees with spreading branches grow on high cliffs." They brush against the Milky Way to spread their leaves, and stretch across the path of the sun to break off twigs. Young chicks and weak hatchlings, few males and scarce females, in confused flocks they fly and gather, clamorously calling and crying. Bearing heavy snow and gradually strong winds, it would rival the two instruments in terms of years. Skillful craftsmen did not recognize it; only the prince understood its value. He then ordered Bane, saying, "Take your axe and fell this tree." The sound was as if the heavens collapsed, a sudden crack like the earth splitting apart. Flower-laden leaves spread out, branches snapped and broken. After being stripped and carved, its patterns became visible. Some resembled dragons coiled or tigers crouching; others depicted phoenixes gathering or cranes soaring. Blue ribbons and purple sashes, jade rings and jadels—ornaments of rank and virtue. Towering mountains with layered peaks, continuous waves and overlapping surges. Rushing lightning gathered clouds; thin mist thickened into dense haze. Male deer and swift steeds, chickens and pheasants in flocks. Silkworms weave embroidered mandarin ducks; lotus leaves and water caltrops form patterns. Its color surpassed gold in richness, its quality rivaled jade without distinction. Cut into useful objects, curved or straight, unfurled or rolled; tall bamboos reflected by the pond, lofty pines planted on precipices. Fashioned into musical instruments, winding and coiling gracefully; phoenixes with nine young ones, dragons leading five foals. Made into a screen, it rose in dense, vaulted peaks. Fashioned into a staff or table, it was extremely beautiful and exquisite. Made into pillows and desks, the patterns were dazzling, brilliant and radiant. Fashioned into plates and bowls, their colors were delightful to admire and handle with care. O virtuous gentleman! How joyful it is indeed!" The Gongwang was greatly pleased, looked around with a smile, and bestowed two fine horses.
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| | 第六: |
廣川王去疾，好聚無賴少年，遊獵畢弋無度，國內冢藏，一皆發掘。余所知爰猛，說其大父為廣川王中尉，每諫王不聽，病免歸家。說王所發掘冢墓不可勝數，其奇異者百數焉。為余說十許事，今記之如左。 |
| | Guangchuan Wang Qu Ji liked to gather rascally young men, hunting and fishing without restraint; all the tombs in his state were excavated. I once knew a man named Yuan Meng, who said that his grandfather had served as the zhongwei (military officer) of Guangchuan Wang. Each time he advised the prince, the prince would not listen; eventually, he fell ill and resigned to return home. He said that the number of tombs unearthed by the prince was beyond count, with hundreds being particularly strange and unusual. He told me about ten or so incidents; now I record them as follows.
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| | 第六: |
魏襄王冢，皆以文石為槨，高八尺許，廣狹容四十人。以手捫槨，滑液如新。中有石床、石屏風，婉然周正。不見棺柩明器蹤跡，但床上有玉唾壼一枚、銅劍二枚。金玉雜具，皆如新物，王取服之。 |
| | The tomb of Wei Xiangwang was entirely lined with patterned stone coffins, about eight chi high and wide enough to hold forty people. Touching the coffin by hand, it felt smooth and slick as if newly made. Inside were stone beds and stone screens, neatly arranged in a graceful manner. No traces of coffins or funerary objects were seen, but on the bed there was one jade spittoon and two bronze swords. Jewelry and jade items of various kinds were all as if brand new; the prince took them and wore them.
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| | 第六: |
哀王冢，以鐵灌其上，穿鑿三日乃開。有黃氣如霧，觸人鼻目，皆辛苦不可入。以兵守之，七日乃歇。初至一戶，無扃鑰，石床方四尺，床上有石几，左右各三石人立侍，皆武冠帶劍。復入一戶，石扉有關鑰，叩開，見棺柩，黑光照人，刀斫不入，燒鋸截之，乃漆雜兕革為棺，厚數寸，累積十餘重，力不能開，乃止。復入一戶，亦石扉，開鑰得石床，方七尺。石屏風銅帳鉤一具，或在床上，或在地下，似是帳糜朽，而銅鉤墮落床上。石枕一枚，塵埃朏朏，甚高，似是衣服。床左右石婦人各二十，悉皆立侍，或有執巾櫛鏡鑷之象，或有執盤奉食之形。無餘異物，但有鐵鏡數百枚。 |
| | The tomb of Ai Wang was sealed with molten iron on top; it took three days of drilling before it could be opened. There was a yellow vapor like mist, which irritated people's noses and eyes, making entry extremely unpleasant and difficult. Soldiers were stationed to guard it; after seven days, the vapor finally dissipated. At first they came to a chamber, which had no locks or keys. A stone bed four chi square stood there; on the bed was a stone table, with three stone figures standing as attendants on each side, all wearing military caps and girded with swords. They entered another chamber through a stone door with locks and keys. After knocking it open, they saw coffins emitting black light that illuminated people; the blades could not penetrate them. They tried cutting with axes and sawing, only to find out that the coffins were made of lacquer mixed with rhinoceros hide, several cun thick, layered over ten times. Unable to open them, they gave up. They entered another chamber with a stone door as well; after unlocking it, they found a stone bed seven chi square. There was one set of stone screens and bronze canopy hooks; some were on the bed, others on the ground, as if the canopy had rotted away and the bronze hooks had fallen onto the bed. There was one stone pillow covered with thick dust, very high in appearance, seemingly like clothing. On both sides of the bed stood twenty stone female figures each, all standing as attendants; some appeared to hold towels, combs, mirrors, and tweezers, while others seemed to carry trays offering food. There were no other strange objects, only hundreds of iron mirrors.
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| | 第六: |
魏王子且渠冢，甚淺狹，無棺柩，但有石床，廣六尺，長一丈，石屏風，床下悉是雲母。床上兩屍，一男一女，皆年二十許，俱東首，裸臥無衣衾，肌膚顏色如生人，鬢髮齒爪亦如生人，王畏懼之，不敢侵近，還擁閉如舊焉。 |
| | The tomb of Wei Wangzi Qiequ was very shallow and narrow, with no coffins; there was only a stone bed six chi wide and ten chi long, along with a stone screen. The entire area beneath the bed was lined with mica clouds. On the bed lay two corpses, one male and one female, both about twenty years old. They were all facing east, lying naked without clothes or shrouds; their skin color resembled that of living people, as did their eyebrows, hair, teeth, and nails. The prince was terrified and dared not approach them further, so he returned and sealed the tomb as it had been before.
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| | 第六: |
袁盎冢，以瓦為棺槨，器物都無，唯有銅鏡一枚。 |
| | The tomb of Yuan Ang was made with tiles for coffins, containing no objects at all; there was only one bronze mirror.
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| | 第六: |
晉靈公冢，甚瑰壯，四角皆以石為玃犬捧燭，石人男女四十餘，皆立侍，棺器無復形兆，屍猶不壞，孔竅中皆有金玉。其餘器物皆朽爛不可別，唯玉蟾蜍一枚，大如拳，腹空，容五合水，光潤如新，王取以盛書滴。 |
| | The tomb of Jin Linggong was very magnificent; at each corner stood stone giant dogs holding candles. More than forty male and female stone figures stood as attendants. The coffins and objects had no discernible form or traces, yet the corpse remained undecayed, with gold and jade in all its orifices. The rest of the objects had all rotted and could not be identified, except for one jade toad, as big as a fist, with an empty abdomen that could hold five ge (a small volume unit) of water. It was smooth and lustrous as if new; the prince took it to use as an ink dropper.
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| | 第六: |
幽王冢，甚高壯，羡門既開，皆是石堊，撥除丈餘深，乃得雲母，深尺餘，見百餘屍，縱橫相枕藉，皆不朽，唯一男子，餘皆女子，或坐或臥，亦猶有立者，衣服形色不異生人。 |
| | The tomb of You Wang was very tall and imposing. After the 羡门 (a type of entrance passage) was opened, it was all stone plaster; after removing more than a zhang of it, they found mica several chi deep. There, over one hundred corpses were seen lying in disorder, some supporting each other, none decayed. Only one man and the rest women, either sitting or lying down—some even still standing—their clothing and appearance showed no difference from living people.
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| | 第六: |
欒書冢，棺柩明器朽爛無餘。有一白狐，見人驚走，左右遂擊之，不能得，傷其左腳。有夕，王夢一丈夫，鬚眉盡白，來謂王曰：「何故傷吾左腳？」乃以杖叩王左腳。王覺，腳腫痛生瘡，至死不差。 |
| | The tomb of Luan Shu had coffins and funerary objects that were completely rotted away, leaving nothing behind. There was a white fox inside; upon seeing people, it startled and ran off. Those nearby chased and tried to catch it but failed, only managing to injure its left foot. One evening, the prince dreamed of a man with completely white beard and eyebrows who came to him and said, "Why did you injure my left foot?" He then struck the prince's left foot with his staff. When he awoke, his foot swelled and became painful, developing sores that never healed until his death.
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| | 第六: |
太液池中有鳴鶴舟、容與舟、清曠舟、採菱舟、越女舟。 |
| | In Taiye Chi there were the Minghe boat, Rongyu boat, Qingkuang boat, Cailing boat, and Yvnv boat.
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| | 第六: |
太液池西有一池，名孤樹池。池中有洲，洲上煔樹一株，六十餘圍，望之重重如蓋，故取為名。 |
| | To the west of Taiye Chi was another pool named Gushu Chi. In the middle of the pool there was an islet, on which stood a single fanyu tree with a girth of more than sixty chi. Looking at it from afar, its dense foliage resembled an umbrella; thus, the name was derived.
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| | 第六: |
昆明池中有戈船、樓船各數百艘。樓船上建樓櫓，戈船上建戈矛，四角悉垂幡毦，旍葆麾蓋，照灼涯涘。余少時猶憶見之。 |
| | In Kunming Chi there were hundreds of warships and tower ships each. Tower ships had towers on their decks, while warships were equipped with halberds and spears. From every corner hung banners and tassels; flags, streamers, standards, and canopies illuminated the shores. When I was young, I still remember seeing them.
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| | 第六: |
韓嫣以玳瑁為床。 |
| | Han Yan used tortoiseshell to make a bed.
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| | 第六: |
漢承周史官，至武帝置太史公。太史公司馬談，世為太史，子遷，年十三，使乘傳行天下，求古諸侯史記，續孔氏古文，序世事，作傳百三十卷，五十萬字。談死，子遷以世官復為太史公，位在丞相下。天下上計，先上太史公，副上丞相。太史公序事如古《春秋》法，司馬氏本古周史佚後也。作《景帝本紀》，極言其短及武帝之過，帝怒而削去之。後坐舉李陵，陵降匈奴，下遷蠶室。有怨言，下獄死。宣帝以其官為令，行太史公文書事而已，不復用其子孫。 |
| | The Han dynasty inherited the historiographical system of the Zhou dynasty, and during Emperor Wu's reign, established the Tai Shi Gong (Grand Historian). Tai Shi Gong Sima Tan, who had served as Grand Historian for generations, had a son named Qian. At thirteen years old, he was sent on an imperial carriage to travel throughout the land, seeking ancient records of feudal lords and continuing Confucius' classical texts, arranging historical events in order, composing one hundred and thirty volumes totaling 500,000 characters. After Tan's death, his son Qian, by virtue of hereditary office, became Tai Shi Gong again, holding a position below that of the Chancellor. When officials from all over submitted reports, they were first presented to the Tai Shi Gong, with copies then sent to the Chancellor. The Tai Shi Gong recorded events according to the style of the ancient Spring and Autumn Annals; the Sima family were descendants of the ancient Zhou dynasty historian Shi Yi. He wrote the "Annals of Emperor Jing," bluntly stating his shortcomings and criticizing Emperor Wu's faults; the emperor was angry and had it removed. Later, because he recommended Li Ling, who surrendered to the Xiongnu, Qian was punished by being castrated in the silkworm chamber. He expressed grievances and was put into prison, where he died. Emperor Xuan later changed the position to that of a commandery official, responsible only for handling Tai Shi Gong documents; he no longer appointed descendants of Sima Qian.
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| | 第六: |
皇太子官稱家臣，動作稱從。 |
| | The officials serving the Crown Prince were called family retainers, and their actions were described as following orders.
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| | 第六: |
杜陵秋胡者，能通《尚書》，善為古隸字，為翟公所禮，欲以兄女妻之。或曰：「秋胡已經娶而失禮，妻遂溺死，不可妻也。」馳象曰：「昔魯人秋胡，娶妻三月而遊宦三年，休，還家，其婦採桑於郊，胡至郊而不識其妻也，見而悅之，乃遺黃金一鎰。妻曰：『妾有夫，遊宦不返，幽閨獨處，三年于茲，未有被辱于今日也。』採不顧。胡慚而退，至家，問家人妻何在，曰：『行採桑於郊，未返。』既還，乃向所挑之婦也。夫妻並慚。妻赴沂水而死。今之秋胡，非昔之秋胡也。昔魯有兩曾參，趙有兩毛遂。南曾參殺人見捕，人以告北曾參母。野人毛遂墜井而死，客以告平原君，平原君曰：『嗟乎，天喪予矣！』既而知野人毛遂，非平原君客也。豈得以昔之秋胡失禮，而絕婚今之秋胡哉？物固亦有似之而非者。玉之未理者為璞，死鼠未屠者亦為璞；月之旦為朔，車之輈亦謂之朔，名齊實異，所宜辯也。」 |
| | Qiu Hu of Dulung was able to interpret the Shangshu (Book of Documents) and skilled in writing ancient clerical script. He was respected by Duke Zhai, who wished to marry his sister's daughter to him. Some said: "Qiu Hu had already married but behaved improperly; his wife then drowned herself. He cannot be given a wife." Chi Xiang said: "In the past, there was a man from Lu named Qiu Hu who married and then went away on official business for three years. After returning home, he found his wife picking mulberry leaves in the suburbs. Qiu Hu arrived at the suburb but did not recognize her as his wife; upon seeing her, he liked her and gave her one yi of gold." The wife said, "I have a husband who went away on official business and did not return. I have been living alone in seclusion for three years; I have never felt humiliated until today." She picked mulberry leaves without looking back. Qiu Hu was ashamed and retreated. When he arrived home, he asked his family where his wife was; they replied, "She went to pick mulberry leaves in the suburb and has not yet returned." When she returned, it turned out to be the woman he had previously flirted with. Both husband and wife were ashamed. The wife went to Yishui River and died there. This Qiu Hu is not the same as that former Qiu Hu. In the past, Lu had two Zeng Shen; Zhao had two Mao Sui. The southern Zeng Shen killed a man and was captured; someone informed the mother of the northern Zeng Shen about it. A rustic named Mao Sui fell into a well and died; a guest informed Pingyuan Jun, who said, "Alas! Heaven has deprived me of my man!" Later it was learned that the rustic Mao Sui was not a guest of Pingyuan Jun. How can we, because of the former Qiu Hu's disrespectful behavior, refuse to marry with this present Qiu Hu? Indeed, things often appear similar but are not the same. Unworked jade is called pu; a dead rat that has not been skinned is also called pu. The first day of the lunar month is called Shuo, and a cart's pole is also called Shuo; though their names are the same, their realities differ, which should be distinguished."
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| | 第六: |
洪家世有劉子駿《漢書》一百卷，無首尾題目，但以甲乙丙丁紀其卷數。先父傳之。歆欲撰《漢書》，編錄漢事，未得締構而亡，故書無宗本，止雜記而已，失前後之次，無事類之辨。後好事者以意次第之，始甲終癸為十秩，秩十卷，合為百卷。洪家具有其書，試以此記考校班固所作，殆是全取劉書，有小異同耳。并固所不取，不過二萬許言。今抄出為二卷，名曰《西京雜記》，以裨《漢書》之闕。爾後洪家遭火，書籍都盡，此兩卷在洪巾箱中，常以自隨，故得猶在。劉歆所記，世人希有，縱復有者，多不備足。見其首尾參錯，前後倒亂，亦不知何書，罕能全錄。恐年代稍久，歆所撰遂沒，并洪家此書二卷不知出所，故序之云爾。洪家復有《漢武帝禁中起居注》一卷，《漢武故事》二卷，世人希有之者。今并五卷為一秩，庶免淪沒焉。 |
| | The Hong family had passed down Liu Zijun's "Book of Han" in one hundred volumes; there were no titles at the beginning or end, but each volume was marked with the characters Jia, Yi, Bing, and Ding to indicate its number. My late father passed it on. Xin wanted to compile the "Book of Han," recording events from the Han dynasty, but had not yet completed it when he died; thus, his book lacked a coherent structure and was merely a collection of miscellaneous notes. It lost the order of sequence and failed to classify events properly. Later, those interested in such matters arranged it according to their own understanding, beginning with Jia and ending with Gui as ten ranks. Each rank contained ten volumes, making a total of one hundred volumes. The Hong family possessed this book; I tested and compared it with Ban Gu's version, and found that it was almost entirely taken from Liu Zijun's work, differing only in minor details. In addition to what Ban Gu did not include, the difference amounted to no more than about twenty thousand characters. Now I have copied out two volumes and named them "Xijing Zaji," to supplement the omissions in the "Book of Han." Later, the Hong family suffered a fire and all their books were destroyed. These two volumes happened to be in Hong's headscarf box, which he always carried with him; thus they survived. Records by Liu Xin are rare among the common people; even if others do exist, most of them are incomplete. What one sees is a beginning and end that are disjointed, with the order before and after reversed; it is also unclear which book they belong to. Few can obtain complete copies. I fear that after a long time, Liu Xin's work may be lost entirely; and since these two volumes from the Hong family are of unknown origin, I have written this preface to explain. The Hong family also had one volume of "Jinzhu Qiju Zhi" (Records of the Inner Court Life) of Emperor Wu of Han, and two volumes of "Stories of Emperor Wu of Han," which were rarely seen by common people. Now I have combined these five volumes into one set, hoping to prevent their loss or disappearance.
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