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孔子问子桑雽曰：“吾再逐于鲁，伐树于宋，削迹于卫，穷于商、周，围于陈、蔡之间。吾犯此数患，亲交益疏，徒友益散，何与？” |
| The Tree on the...: |
Confucius asked Zi-sang Hu, saying, 'I was twice driven from Lu; the tree was felled over me in Song; I was obliged to disappear from Wei; I was reduced to extreme distress in Shang and Zhou; and I was kept in a state of siege between Chen and Cai. I have encountered these various calamities; my intimate associates are removed from me more and more; my followers and friends are more and more dispersed - why have all these things befallen me?' |
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子桑雽曰：“子独不闻假人之亡与？林回弃千金之璧，负赤子而趋。或曰：‘为其布与？赤子之布寡矣。为其累与？赤子之累多矣。弃千金之璧，负赤子而趋，何也？’林回曰：‘彼以利合，此以天属也。’夫以利合者，迫穷祸患害相弃也；以天属者，迫穷祸患害相收也。夫相收之与相弃亦远矣。且君子之交淡若水，小人之交甘若醴；君子淡以亲，小人甘以绝。彼无故以合者，则无故以离。” |
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Zi-sang Hu replied, 'Have you not heard of the flight of Lin Hui of Jia - how he abandoned his round jade symbol of rank, worth a thousand pieces of silver, and hurried away with his infant son on his back? If it be asked, "Was it because of the market value of the child?" But that value was small (compared with the value of the jade token). If it be asked again, "Was it because of the troubles (of his office)?" But the child would occasion him much more trouble. Why was it then that, abandoning the jade token, worth a thousand pieces of silver, he hurried away with the child on his back? Lin Hui (himself) said, "The union between me and the token rested on the ground of gain; that between me and the child was of Heaven's appointment." Where the bond of union is its profitableness, when the pressure of poverty, calamity, distress, and injury come, the parties abandon one another; when it is of Heaven's appointment, they hold in the same circumstances to one another. Now between abandoning one another, and holding to one another, the difference is great. Moreover, the intercourse of superior men is tasteless as water, while that of mean men is sweet as new wine. But the tastelessness of the superior men leads on to affection, and the sweetness of the mean men to aversion. The union which originates without any cause will end in separation without any cause.' |
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孔子曰：“敬闻命矣。”徐行翔佯而归，绝学捐书，弟子无挹于前，其爱益加进。 |
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Confucius said, 'I have reverently received your instructions.' And hereupon, with a slow step and an assumed air of ease, he returned to his own house. There he made an end of studying and put away his books. His disciples came no more to make their bow to him (and be taught), but their affection for him increased the more. |
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异日，桑雽又曰：“舜之将死，真泠禹曰：‘汝戒之哉！形莫若缘，情莫若率。缘则不离，率则不劳；不离不劳，则不求文以待形；不求文以待形，固不待物。’” |
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Another day Sang Hu said further to him, 'When Shun was about to die, he charged Yu, saying, 'Be upon your guard. (The attraction of) the person is not like that of sympathy; the (power of) affection is not like the leading (of example). Where there is sympathy, there will not be separation; where there is (the leading of) example, there will be no toil. Where there is neither separation nor toil, you will not have to seek the decoration of forms to make the person attractive, and where there is no such need of those forms, there will certainly be none for external things.' |
