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Chinese Text Project
Simplified Chinese version

U+68FA

Seal script
𣑄
Semantic variant

Radical:+ 8 strokes = 12 strokes total.
References:Guangyun: p.125#14 p.403#22 Kangxi: p.535#04 Cihai: p.704r5c04 GSR: 157.e Hanyu: v2,p1238#09
Composition:Left: , right: .
Mandarin:guān guàn ㄍㄨㄢ ㄍㄨㄢˋ
Cantonese:gun1
Tang reconstruction:guɑn
Shuowen:木部》棺:关也。所以掩尸。从木官声。
Guangyun:广韵·上平声··》棺:棺椁礼记曰有虞氏瓦棺夏后氏堲周殷人棺椁。《说文》曰:关也,所以掩尸也。
广韵·去声··》棺:殓尸。又音官。
Kangxi:康熙字典·木部·》棺:〔古文〕𣑄《唐韵》《集韵》古丸切《韵会》《正韵》沽欢切,𠀤音官。《说文》关也,所以掩尸。《玉篇》棺之言完,所以藏尸令完也。《孝经注》周尸爲棺,周棺爲椁。后汉赵咨曰:棺椁之造,自黄帝始。《礼·檀弓》有虞氏瓦棺,夏后氏墍,周殷人棺椁。《丧大记》国君大棺八寸,属六寸,椑四寸。上大夫大棺八寸,属六寸。下大夫大棺六寸,属四寸。士棺六寸。《注》大棺最在外,属在大棺内,椑又在属内,是国君三重也。又《集韵》古玩切,音贯。棺敛也。《左传·僖二十八年》晋人围曹,门焉,多死。曹人尸诸城上,晋人称舍于墓,师迁焉。曹人凶惧,爲其所得者,棺而出之。又《集韵》古患切,音惯。义同。又叶居员切,音涓。《陆机·吊魏武文》气冲襟以呜咽,涕垂睫而汍澜。违率土以靖寐,戢弥天乎一棺。澜音连。
Fanqie:古丸 (《广韵·上平声··》) 古玩 (《广韵·去声··》)
Unihan definition:coffin

Example usage

论语·先进》:鲤也死,有而无椁。
There was Li; when he died, he had a coffin but no outer shell.
孟子·公孙丑下》:曰:“古者椁无度,中古七寸,椁称之。”
Mencius replied, 'Anciently, there was no rule for the size of either the inner or the outer coffin. In middle antiquity, the inner coffin was made seven inches thick, and the outer one the same.'
礼记·问丧》:三日而敛,在床曰尸,在曰柩,动尸举柩,哭踊无数。
On the third day there was the (slighter) dressing (of the corpse). While the body was on the couch it was called the corpse; when it was put into the coffin, it was called jiu. At the moving of the corpse, and lifting up of the coffin, (the son) wailed and leaped, times without number.
孝经·丧亲》:为之椁衣衾而举之,陈其簠簋而哀戚之。
An inner and outer coffin are made; the grave-clothes also are put on, and the shroud; and (the body) is lifted (into the coffin). The sacrificial vessels, round and square, are (regularly) set forth, and (the sight of them) fills (the mourners) with (fresh) distress.
墨子·七患》:死又厚为椁,多为衣裘。
Upon their death, again, thick coffins and many coats and fur coats are to be furnished.
庄子·人间世》:散木也,以为舟则沈,以为椁则速腐,以为器则速毁,以为门户则液樠,以为柱则蠹。
It is quite useless. A boat made from its wood would sink; a coffin or shell would quickly rot; an article of furniture would soon go to pieces; a door would be covered with the exuding sap; a pillar would be riddled by insects.
商君书·赏刑》:民之欲富贵也,共阖而后止。
The desire of people for riches and honour does not generally cease before their coffins are closed.
公孙龙子·白马论》:以黄马为非马,而以白马为有马,此飞者入池而椁异处,此天下之悖言乱辞也。
To take brown horses as not horses, and yet take white horses as being horses, is to have the flying in a pond and the inner and outer coffins in different places: a contradictory claim and misuse of statements as there is under heaven!
周易·系辞下》:后世圣人易之以椁,盖取诸大过。
In subsequent ages the sages substituted for these practices the inner and outer coffins.
荀子·礼论》:椁、其貌象版盖斯象拂也。
说苑·修文》:曰,礼不豫凶事,死而后治凶服,衣衰饰,修椁,作穿窆宅兆,然后丧文成,外亲毕至,葬坟集,孝子忠臣之恩厚备尽矣。
春秋繁露·基义》:秋为死而之,冬为痛而丧之。
韩诗外传·卷八》:孔子曰:“阖兮乃止播耳,不知其时之易迁兮,此之谓君子所休也。”
白虎通德论·崩薨》:臣子悲哀恸怛,莫不欲观君父之柩,尽悲哀者也。
新书·春秋》:骂国老之谏者,为无头之,以视有勇
新序·杂事五》:遂令吏以衣更葬之
孔子家语·相鲁》:为四寸之,五寸之椁,因丘陵为坟,不封不树。
潜夫论·浮侈》:“后世圣人易之以椁”,桐木为,葛采为缄,下不及泉,上不泄臭
论衡·问孔》:死有无椁,颜路请车以为之椁,孔子不予,为大夫不可以徒行也。
太玄经·太玄数》:五五为土,为中央,为四维,日戊己,辰辰戍丑未,声宫,色黄,味甘,臭芳,形殖,生金,胜水,时该,藏心,侟神,性信,情恐惧,事思,用睿,撝圣,徵风,帝黄帝,神后土,星从其位,类为其裸,为封,为瓶,为宫,为宅,为中溜,为内事,为织,为衣,为裘,为茧,为絮,为床,为荐,为驯,为怀,为腹器,为脂,为漆,为胶,为囊,为包,为舆,为毂,为稼,为啬,为食,为𡧢,为,为犊,为衢,为会,为都,为度,为量,为土工,为弓矢,为黄怪,为愚,为牟。
风俗通义·叶令祠》:后天下一玉于厅事前,令臣吏试入,终不动摇。
孔丛子·广名》:谓之榇,有尸谓之柩。
蔡中郎集》:陈衣衾而不省兮,合绠而不见。
鶡冠子·学问》:庞子问鶡冠子曰:“圣人学问服师也,亦有终始乎,抑其拾诵记辞阖而止乎?”
列仙传·吕尚》:有难而不葬,后子葬之,无尸,唯有《玉钤》六篇在中云。
韩非子·备内》:故舆人成舆则欲人之富贵,匠人成则欲人之夭死也,非舆人仁而匠人贼也,人不贵则舆不售,人不死则不买,情非憎人也,利在人之死也。
慎子·逸文》:匠人成,不憎人死,利之所在,忘其丑也。
管子·山国轨》:宫室械器,非山无所仰,然后君立三等之租于山,曰:‘握以下者为柴楂,把以上者为室奉,三围以上,为椁之奉。’
淮南子·齐俗训》:伐楩楠豫樟而剖梨之,或为椁,或为柱梁,披断拨檖,所用万方,然一木之朴也。
吕氏春秋·开春》:惠公曰:“昔王季历葬于涡山之尾,灓水啮其墓,见之前和。”
史记·秦本纪》:是时蜚廉为纣石北方,还,无所报,为坛霍太山而报,得石,铭曰“帝令处父不与殷乱,赐尔石以华氏”。
春秋左传》:晋侯围曹,门焉多死,曹人尸诸城上,晋侯患之,听舆人之谋曰,称舍于墓,师迁焉,曹人凶惧,为其所得者,而出之,因其凶也而攻之,三月,丙午,入曹,数之以其不用僖负羁,而乘轩者三百人也,且曰,献状,令无入僖负羁之宫,而免其族,报施也,魏犨,颠颉,怒曰,劳之不图,报于何有,爇僖负羁氏氏,魏犨伤于胸,公欲杀之,而爱其材,使问,且视之病,将杀之,魏犨束胸,见使者曰,以君之灵,不有宁也,距跃三百,曲踊三百,乃舍之,杀颠颉以徇于师,立舟之侨以为戎右,宋人使门尹般如晋师告急,公曰,宋人告急,舍之则绝,告楚不许,我欲战矣,齐秦未可,若之何,先轸曰,使宋舍我而赂齐秦,藉之告楚,我执曹君,而分曹卫之田,以赐宋人,楚爱曹卫,必不许也,喜赂怒顽,能无战乎,公说,执曹伯,分曹卫之田,以畀宋人,楚人入居于申,使申叔去谷,使子玉去宋,曰,无从晋师,晋侯在外,十九年矣,而果得晋国,险阻艰难,备尝之矣,民之情伪,尽知之矣,天假之年,而除其害,天之所置,其可废乎,军志曰,允当则归,又曰,知难而退,又曰,有德不可敌,此三志者,晋之谓矣,子玉使伯棼请战,曰,非敢必有功也,愿以间执谗慝之口,王怒,少与之师,唯西广东宫,与若敖之六卒,实从之,子玉使宛春告于晋师,曰,请复卫侯,而封曹,臣亦释宋之围。
晏子春秋》:晏子令人入敛,已敛,而复曰:“医不能治病,已敛矣,不敢不以闻。”
吴越春秋》:命群臣曰:“吾百世之后,葬我会稽之山,苇椁桐,穿圹七尺,下无及泉,坟高三尺,土阶三等。”
越绝书·计倪内经》:阳且尽之岁,亟发籴,以收田宅、牛马、积敛货财,聚木,以应阴之至也。
战国策·魏惠王死》:惠公曰:“昔王季历葬于楚山之尾,灓水啮其墓,见之前和。”
盐铁论·通有》:今吴、越之竹,隋、唐之材,不可胜用,而曹、卫、梁、宋,采转尸。
列女传·梁寡高行》:高行曰:“妾夫不幸早死,先狗马填沟壑,妾宜以身荐其椁。”
春秋谷梁传》:沈子曰:“正乎两楹之间,然后即位也。”
春秋公羊传》:于两楹之间,然后即位。
汉书·王莽传下》:众兵发掘莽妻子父祖冢,烧其椁及九庙、明堂、辟雍,火照城中。

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