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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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法家 -> 商君書 -> 修權 -> 2

世之為治者，多釋法而任私議，此國之所以亂也。Those who are engaged in governing, in the world, chiefly dismiss the law and place reliance on private appraisal, and this is what brings disorder in a state.
先王縣權衡， The early kings hung up scales with standard weights,
立尺寸， and fixed the length of feet and inches,
而至今法之，其分明也。 and to the present day these are followed as models because their divisions were clear.
夫釋權衡而斷輕重， Now dismissing standard scales and yet deciding weight,
廢尺寸而意長短， or abolishing feet and inches and yet forming an opinion about length
雖察，商賈不用，- even an intelligent merchant would not apply this system,
為其不必也。 because it would lack definiteness.
故法者，國之權衡也，夫倍法度而任私議，皆不知類者也。Now, if the back is turned on models and measures, and reliance is placed on private appraisal, in all those cases there would be a lack of definiteness.
不以法論知能賢不肖者，惟堯，Only a Yao would be able to judge knowledge and ability, worth or unworth without a model.
而世不盡為堯， But the world does not consist exclusively of Yaos!
是故先王知自議譽私之不可任也，Therefore, the ancient kings understood that no reliance should be placed on individual opinions or biassed approval,
故立法明分， so they set up models and made the distinctions clear.
中程者賞之， Those who fulfilled the standard were rewarded,
毀公者誅之。 those who harmed the public interest were punished.
賞誅之法，不失其義，故民不爭。The standards for rewards and punishments were not wrong in their appraisals, and therefore people did not dispute them.
授官予爵，But if the bestowal of office and the granting of rank
不以其勞， are not carried out according to the labour borne,
則忠臣不進。 then loyal ministers have no advancement;
行賞賦祿，and if in awarding rewards and giving emoluments
不稱其功， the respective merits are not weighed,
則戰士不用。 then fighting soldiers will not enter his service.

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