Title inheritance

Giyesu was born in the Manchu Aisin Gioro clan as a great-grandson of Nurhaci, the founder of the Qing dynasty. His grandfather, Daišan, was the founding title holder of the Prince Li peerage. His father, Hūse (祜塞; d. 1646), who was the eighth and youngest son of Daišan, held the title of a feng'en zhenguo gong or first-class imperial duke. After Hūse died, his title was inherited by his second son, Jinggi (精济; 1644–1649), who, sometime before 1649, was promoted to a junwang (second-rank prince). Jinggi died in July 1649. Giyesu, who was then only four years old, became the heir to Jinggi's princely peerage. In 1651, he was conferred the title "Prince Kang of the Second Rank".

In 1659, Giyesu's uncle, Mandahai (满达海), was posthumously convicted and demoted from a qinwang (first-rank prince) to a beile (third-rank prince). Mandahai's son, Chang'adai, was also demoted from a qinwang to beile. The Prince Li peerage, which was previously held by Mandahai, was then passed on to Giyesu, who inherited it under the Prince Kang title; Giyesu was promoted to "Prince Kang of the First Rank".

Career

In the late spring of 1674, Prince Kang was appointed as a general and ordered to lead imperial troops to Zhejiang to suppress a rebellion by Geng Jingzhong, one of the "Three Feudatories". Among his deputies were Fulata, Laita (赖塔), Laha (喇哈) and Jirtab (纪尔他布). In the ninth month, when Prince Kang and his army arrived in Jinhua, Geng Jingzhong had already conquered Wenzhou, Chuzhou and other cities in southern Zhejiang. Not long later, Geng Jingzhong's subordinate, Xu Shangchao (徐尚朝), led 50,000 troops to attack Jinhua. In response, Prince Kang ordered Bayar (巴雅尔) and Mahada (马哈达) to lead imperial forces to resist the rebels; Bayar and Mahada's forces defeated Wu Rongxian (吴荣先) and killed over 20,000 rebels. In the 12th month, Xu Shangchao personally led 50,000 troops to attack the villages south of Jinhua. Baya'er and Chen Shikai (陈世凯) led imperial troops to attack the rebels and defeated them at Jidaoshan (积道山), and recaptured Yongkang and Jinyun counties from the rebels. Prince Kang defeated Fang Maogong (方懋功) at Shangyu, and Feng Gongfu (冯公辅) at Yiwu and Wuyi County and took back the territories from the rebels.

In 1675, Mahada and Li Rong (李荣) defeated Sha Youxiang (沙有祥) at Taohua Ridge (桃花岭) and recaptured Chuzhou from the rebels. In the following year, Prince Kang led imperial forces through Zhejiang and prepared to attack Fujian, which was under rebel control. Around the time, Zheng Jing, the ruler of the Kingdom of Tungning in Taiwan, had occupied the prefectures of Zhangzhou and Quanzhou in Fujian. At this point, Geng Jingzhong's rebel forces were running short on supplies. In the ninth lunar month of 1676, Prince Kang successfully recaptured Jianyang and forced the rebels at Jianning and Yanping to surrender. Sensing that defeat was imminent, Geng Jingzhong sent his son, Geng Xianzuo (耿显祚), to meet Prince Kang and convey his wish to surrender. He personally surrendered to Prince Kang later on. In the tenth month, Prince Kang and Qing imperial forces entered Fuzhou and completely pacified Geng Jingzhong's rebellion.

In the tenth lunar month of 1676, Zheng Jing's subordinate, Xu Yao (许耀), led 30,000 troops to attack Fuzhou. In response, Prince Kang ordered Lahada (拉哈达) to lead imperial forces to resist Zheng's forces. The imperial army was victorious and recaptured Ninghua, Qingliu, Changting and other counties. In the first month of 1677, Lahada and Laita (赖塔) defeated Zheng Jing's forces at Baimaoshan (白茅山) and Taipingshan (太平山), and recaptured Xinghua (now part of Putian and Xianyou) from the enemy. By the second month, they had driven Zheng Jing's forces out of Quanzhou and Zhangzhou and pacified most of Fujian. In the fourth month, Prince Kang wrote to Zheng Jing, who had retreated to Xiamen, to surrender. Zheng Jing refused, so Prince Kang prepared for an attack on Xiamen. At the same time, Prince Kang also recommended Yao Qisheng to the Qing imperial court to serve as the governor-general of Fujian. By 1680, Zheng Jing had been completely defeated in Fujian and forced to retreat with his remaining forces back to Taiwan.

Prince Kang died in 1697 and was posthumously honoured as Prince Kangliang of the First Rank (康良亲王). He was survived by at least two sons, Chuntai (椿泰; d. 1709) and Bartu (巴尔图; d. 1753), who successively inherited the Prince Kang title from their father.

Family

Father: Huse, Prince Kanghuishun of the First Rank (康惠顺亲王)

Mother: Primary consort, of the Khorchin Borjigin clan

----Consorts and issue:

• Primary consort, of the Khorchin Borjigin clan (嫡福晋 科尔沁博尔济吉特氏), daughter of Prince Esen (额森台吉)

• Primary consort, of the Donggo clan (继福晋 董鄂氏), daughter of Huase (华塞)

　• Chuntai, Prince Kangdao of the First Rank (康悼亲王 春泰), fifth son

• Secondary consort, of the Sakda clan (侧福晋 萨克达氏), daughter of Mase (马塞)

　• Ba'ertu, Prince Kangjian of the First Rank (康简亲王 巴尔图), fourth son

• Mistress, of the Šumuru clan (舒穆录氏)

　• Nitaha, Third class bulwark general (已革三等辅国将军 尼塔哈), first son

• Mistress, of the Nara clan (那拉氏), daughter of Xihana (西哈纳)

　• Yantai (燕泰), second son

• Mistress, of the Li clan (李氏)

• Mistress, of the Hešeri clan, daughter of Nartai (纳尔泰)

　• Zha'ertu, third class bulwark general (三等辅国将军 扎尔图), third son

• Mistress, of the Li clan

• Mistress, of the Wang clan (王氏)

• Mistress, of the Hešeri clan, daughter of Hese (赫瑟)

• Mistress, of the Nara clan, daughter of Nadai (纳岱)

• Mistress, of the Niohuru clan

• Mistress, of the Su clan (苏氏)

• Mistress, of the Xiang clan (相氏)

• Wife, of the Liu clan (刘氏)

• Wife, of the Yang clan (杨氏)

Ancestry

In fiction

Prince Kang appears as a minor character in the novel The Deer and the Cauldron by Louis Cha. In the novel, he befriends the protagonist, Wei Xiaobao, and becomes one of Wei's closest allies in the Qing imperial court.

生平

顺治六年（1649年），次兄精济逝世，杰书袭爵封为郡王。顺治八年（1651年），加封号为康郡王。

顺治十六年（1659年），因其伯父巽亲王满达海被追论前罪，最终被追夺諡法及碑文，降爵为贝勒。满达海之子常阿岱亦因父罪而被降爵为贝勒，礼亲王一系的爵位由杰书承袭为康亲王。康熙初、中期将领，正白旗督统，奉命大将军，平定耿精忠叛乱，逐郑经回台湾。康熙三十六年卒，諡号「良」。

耿精忠降服

康熙十三年六月，康亲王杰书为奉命大将军、任议政王，率军前往浙江，剿耿精忠，随军有固山贝子傅喇塔，将军赖塔、副都统喇哈、纪尔他布参赞军务。同年九月，杰书抵浙江金华，耿精忠已攻占浙江南部温州、处州等地。不久，耿部下都督徐尚朝率五万大军攻金华，进犯浙江腹地。杰书命都统巴雅尔、副都统马哈达迎拒，杀吴荣先，歼敌二万。十二月，徐尚朝率五万兵进攻金华城南十二里庄，巴雅尔与总兵陈世凯拒战，破敌于积道山，收复永康、缙云二县。杰书于上虞县败方懋功；于义乌、武义败冯公辅，并收复二县。

十四年，杰书遣副都统马哈达、总兵官李荣于桃花岭击败沙有祥，收复处州。又遣副都统穆和林等收复仙居城。十五年，杰书兵进浙江，直捣福建，此时郑经占据漳州、泉州，耿军粮饷不足。同年九月，收复建阳，招降建宁、延平二府。耿精忠大势已去，派儿子耿显祚见杰书，告知愿降之意。不久，耿精忠亲自到杰书军前投诚。十月，杰书入福州，平定耿精忠叛乱。

逐败郑经部

康熙十五年十月，郑经部将许耀率三万兵攻福州。杰书派都统拉哈达率兵大败郑军，收复宁化、清流、长汀等七县。十六年正月，拉哈达、赖塔等在白茅山、太平山等地连败郑军，收复兴化府。二月，收复泉州、漳州二府，福建大部平定。四月，杰书沿用「剿抚并用」方针，修书一封，招抚退守厦门的郑经。郑不归降，杰书准备进剿，又荐汉军旗人姚启圣为福建总督。十九年，郑军溃败，厦门、金门、铜山先后被清兵收复，郑经率残部逃回台湾。

艺术形象

杰书在多部文学著作中皆被提及，包括：

• 二月河历史小说《康熙皇帝》

• 金庸武侠小说《鹿鼎记》

• 中央电视台连续剧《施琅大将军》

• 无线电视剧集《食为奴》李家鼎饰演

• 中央电视台连续剧《于成龙》王辉饰演