He was the seventh son of Mạc Kính Điển. The emperor Mạc Kính Chỉ was captured by Trịnh lord in 1593, he was enthroned by Mạc Ngọc Liễn in Lạng Sơn. In the next year, he was defeated by Hoàng Đình Ái and fled to Longzhou, China.

Cung came back to Vietnam occupied Cao Bằng in 1596. He was attacked by Trịnh lord, and sought aid for Ming China. Trịnh lord had to recognized his dominant position in Cao Bằng under the pressure of Ming China.

In 1600, Bùi Thị, the mother of Mạc Mậu Hợp, rebelled in Thang Long and summoned him. Trịnh Tùng recaptured Thang Long and executed Bùi Thị, then defeated Cung in Hải Dương. Cung fled back to Cao Bằng.

In 1625, Trịnh Kiều (son of Trịnh Tráng) attacked Cao Bằng and captured him. He was executed in Thang Long.

原为莫朝敦厚王。1593年被西国公阮敬之子莫玉辇拥立为帝，据文兰州，改元乾统。海阳、京北各处支持莫朝的势力得知莫敬恭即位，纷纷率部归附。阮潢率兵前往征讨，用火攻计，大破占据海阳的壮王莫敬章部。海阳、山南一带悉被平定。次年莫玉辇挟莫敬恭据安博县，但又被后黎朝所败。莫玉辇、莫敬恭奔思明府，称臣于明朝。在后黎朝的攻势下，莫朝的将军纷纷叛降。莫敬恭和莫玉辇逃亡明朝的龙州，发兵骚扰谅山一带。

1600年，莫茂洽的庶母裴氏在升龙自称国母，号召莫朝的支持者起兵，并迎接莫敬恭归国。莫敬恭率部试图回到升龙，但被郑松击败。兵败至金城县，不久退往高平。1618年，郑松率军北伐，攻击太原。1621年，莫敬恭让位于其侄庆王莫敬宽，据守大慈县，尊莫敬恭为太上皇。

1625年，郑梉派遣郑桥进攻高平，擒获莫敬恭，押往清化斩首。莫敬宽则出奔明朝。

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