Career

In 1388, the Hongwu Emperor established contact with three tribes of the Jianzhou Jurchens, the Odoli, Huligai and Tuowen and attempted to enlist them as allies against the Mongols. There was a general migration south of the various Jurchen groups around the start of the 15th century and the three tribes established themselves around the Tumen River (near the modern border of China, Russia and North Korea). Not long afterwards, the various Jurchens began accepting Ming titles from the Yongle Emperor as the Military Commanders of the three Wei, namely Jianzhou Wei, Jianzhou Left Wei and Jianzhou Right Wei. The Wei was military unit composed of 5 Suo, and each Suo was staffed with 1100 soldiers. As Military Commanders of Wei, they were required to go to Beijing every year to pay tribute to the Emperor.

In 1395, he visited the Joseon court to present tribute to the Taejo of Joseon. As a result, in 1404, he was awarded an honorary military position by the Koreans.

During this time, the Ming court frequently sent envoys to local chieftains to persuade local chieftains to recognize the suzerainty of the Ming emperor, however Möngke Temür did not respond. This was to the delight of the Korean court and in 1405, he was nominated to be a myriarch under the Korean king. In April 1405, a Ming envoy of Jurchen origin Wang Jiaohuati, was sent to Korea to persuade the Korean king along with Möngke Temür to enter into tributary relations with the Ming.

Ahacu, later also known as Li Sicheng, chief of the Huligai, became commander of the Jianzhou Wei (建州卫) in 1403, named after a Yuan Dynasty political unit in the area. Möngke Temür of the Odoli became leader of the Jianzhou Left Wei and accepted the Chinese surname of Tóng not long afterward.

The Koreans tried to persuade Möngke Temür to reject the Ming dynasty's overtures, but was unsuccessful since Möngke Temür submitted to the Ming. The Korean king ordered Möngke Temür not to comply with the request of Ming, he first complied with this order only to capitulate, visiting Nanjing in September 1405, leaving with an appointment as regional commissioner.

In the following years, the Jurchen tribes along with Möngke Temür's Odoli tribe fought skirmishes and battles with the Koreans. With the constant insecurity in the presence of the Koreans, Meng and his followers migrated westward, settling in May 1411 in Fengzhou, in the valley of the Hoifa river, an affluent of the Sunggari river, where the Jianzhou guard under Šigiyanu (Li Xianzhong) was located.

Here the Ming government would establish the Jianzhou Left Guard from the existing Jianzhou guard with Möngke Temür as the regional commander of the new guard.

During this time, the Yongle Emperor began frequently sending expeditionary forces towards the Mongols, Möngke Temür and his followers would take part in one such expedition in 1422. With the threat of retaliatory invasions of the Mongols and the growing dominance of Li Manzhu, Möngke Temür and his followers, who numbered more than six thousand were forced to leave Fengzhou and head back to Womuho in 1423.

After his return, Möngke Temür decided that the best policy of self-preservation would be to serve both Ming and Korean interests. In 1426, he visited Beijing and awarded a promotion as assistant commissioner in chief. His half brother Fanca visited Beijing in 1432, presented tribute, and was promoted to assistant commissioner. In 1432, Möngke Temür visited Beijing again and was promoted to commissioner in chief while Fanca was made a regional commissioner. Starting in 1427, Möngke Temür had begun sending his eldest son Agu to visit the Korean court with the hopes that Agu would become a royal bodyguard in Korea.

On November 30, 1433, Möngke Temür and his son Agu were killed in a riot led by Yang Mutawuta, a Jurchen battalion commander from a different tribe in the area of Kaiyuan. Yang Mutawuta had followed Mongke Temur and his son.

史书中的猛哥帖木儿

成书于1395年（明洪武二十八年）李氏朝鲜的《龙飞御天歌》记载爱新觉罗家族直系祖先吾都里部酋长猛哥帖木儿南迁以前的情形。

《满洲实录》记载了猛哥帖木儿祖上凡察（樊察）幸免于难的传说，与朝鲜史籍的有关记载大体吻合。但传说中侥幸逃脱的樊察是幼儿，与猛哥帖木儿的异母弟（一说猛哥帖木儿叔叔包奇之子，又与猛哥帖木儿同母）同名。樊察（弟）在斡朵里（吾都里）部内地位仅次于猛哥帖木儿的酋长。

满洲人的始祖从爱新觉罗布库里雍顺开始不断的从黑龙江松花江流域往南迁移。到了猛哥帖木儿和凡察（樊察）（弟）的年代已经迁至今乌苏里江东南和朝鲜半岛东北部的会宁一带。明朝和朝鲜史书都多有涉及这一区域的女真人部落。

建州左卫与孟特穆

女真胡里改部属地设置建州卫，位于今绥芬河流域，与胡里改部一同南下归附明朝的的斡朵里部建立建州左卫，孟特穆为第一任指挥使，初期属地在乌苏里江东宁古塔和朝鲜半岛东北部图们江两岸（今会宁一带）。会宁地方一直有传说：青蛙与水獭娶土豪女生努尔哈赤或其祖先。

当时建州左卫的兵力分三，中军由猛哥帖本儿自己统帅，左军由其弟凡察（一说猛哥帖木儿叔叔包奇之子，又与猛哥帖木儿同母）统帅，右军则由长子阿古统帅。

明朝宣德八年（1433年），明辽东都指挥裴俊前往斡木河，去接回被忽刺温女真虏掠的人口，奉命配合这次行动的猛哥帖木儿和其长子阿古，在激战中负伤阵亡。阿古的妻子和弟弟充善被杨木答兀掠去，后经毛怜卫指挥哈儿秃赎回。阿古之妻后生一遗腹子，改嫁建州卫的李满住。

1440年，凡察和猛哥帖木儿的次子查山（清人谓之充善）『畏兀狄哈掳掠，又乏资财，将至饿死』，只好率领馀部从朝鲜会宁西迁辽东。同行的300馀户，另有百馀户留居当地。途中克服种种困难，最后迁至浑河上游的苏子河，与先期迁到当地的李满住部重新会聚到一起。防御外来侵扰的共同需要促使建州卫与建州左卫的凋散部落再度走向联合，使亲屑部落间的传统关系又有了新发展。

祖先

• 布库里雍顺