Life

Gao Xiang served as General of the Right. He followed Liu Bei on the Hanzhong Campaign between 217 and 219. Gao Xiang and Chen Shi camped at Yangping but were defeated by Cao Cao's general Xu Huang. In 228, Gao Xiang followed Zhuge Liang on the Northern Expeditions, serving as a subordinate of Ma Su, and they stationed at Liucheng. When Ma Su was defeated and Liucheng fell to the enemy general Guo Huai, Gao Xiang retreated. In 231, Gao Xiang was appointed Front Commander (前部督), leading an army together with Wei Yan and Wu Ban, defeating the enemy commander Sima Yi. They collected 3,000 enemy heads, 5,000 suits of armour, and 3,100 crossbows. When the supply official Li Yan failed in his mission, Gao Xiang and Zhuge Liang proposed that Li be relieved of his duties. Gao Xiang maintained General of the Right until at least 233, where Fu Kuang succeeded Gao, it is unknown if the later simply died or retired from the army. Considering Yang Xi's Ji Han Fuchen Zan which oddly doesn't feature the former General of the Right Gao, it may be reasoned to assume he died after 241 as a civilian.

In Romance of the Three Kingdoms

Gao Xiang appears in Chapter 91 of the 14th-century historical novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms as a Center Army Right General, and he fills a minor role in the following chapters, being stationed near Liliu, he joins with Wei Yan and Wang Ping to retake Jieting. However they fail and Ma Su is executed by Zhuge Liang for the defeat.

Later Gao Xiang is involved in Zhuge Liang's Northern Expeditions. In chapter 102, he leads 500 men disguised as soldiers of Wei. Their purpose is to capture the wooden oxen that are part of the Wei convoy.

生平

建安二十三年（218年），随刘备讨伐汉中（今陕西省汉中市），高翔屯兵于阳平（今陕西省汉中市宁强县），以确保粮草转运，被徐晃击破。但并没有影响刘备军的粮草转运。

建兴六年（228年），随丞相诸葛亮北伐，屯兵柳城（在今甘肃省天水市张家川县境内）。但其后马谡在街亭之战被击破，柳城亦被郭淮攻破，高翔败退。

建兴九年（231年）五月，高翔为前部督，与魏延、吴班率军大破魏国都督司马懿，斩获三千首级，缴获玄铠五千，角弩三千一百张。后李严延误军机（231年春天，第四次北伐），高翔和吴班等同诸葛亮共上表刘禅请废之。

评价

• 曹睿：「王师方振，胆破气夺，马谡、高祥，望旗奔败。」（《三国志·卷三·魏书三·明帝纪第三注引〈魏略〉》）

艺术形象

三国演义

形象较历史上丰富许多，为蜀汉一员战将。诸葛亮出师北伐，高翔以右将军、玄都侯的身份跟随出征。蜀汉老将赵云中魏将姜维计，高翔和张翼率军杀入，接应赵云撤退。之后司马懿率兵来攻，诸葛亮派遣高翔进驻列柳城，以在必要时救援镇守街亭的马谡。街亭战况危急，高翔率兵救援，与王平、魏延合军，欲先劫魏军营寨，再去救援马谡，不料中计，列柳城亦为魏军所夺，唯有撤回阳平关。诸葛亮五出祁山，并造木牛流马，以高翔引军搬运粮草。诸葛亮引司马懿入上方谷，又令高翔引兵用木牛流马往来于上方谷内引诱魏军，司马懿中计，被蜀军大败。

动画

• 三国演义

影视

• 中国中央电视台电视剧《三国演义》（1994年）：袁利坚

• 中国电视剧《三国》（2010年）：陈则

• 中国电视剧《大军师司马懿之军师联盟》（2017年）：宋涛

注释