| | 匈奴南單... : |
匈奴南單于列傳。 |
| | Biographies of the Southern Chanyu of the Xiongnu
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| | 匈奴南單... : |
單于比，匈奴頭曼十八代孫。 |
| | Chanyu Bi was the eighteenth-generation descendant of Touman, ruler of the Xiongnu.
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| | 匈奴南單... : |
十二月癸丑，匈奴始分為南北單于。 |
| | On the Gouchou day of the twelfth month (January 15, 48 AD), the Xiongnu began to split into Northern and Southern Chanyus.
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| | 匈奴南單... : |
建成二十五年，南單于遣左賢王擊北單于，北單于震怖，卻地千餘里。十三年中工官作櫓車成，可駕數牛，嘗送塞上。議者見車巧，相謂曰：「讖言漢九世當卻夷千里，寧謂此邪？」聖人之文，與天券契。及胡隤懷，數月而卑。 |
| | In the twenty-fifth year of Jiancheng (102 AD), the Southern Chanyu sent the Left Worthy King to attack the Northern Chanyu. The Northern Chanyu was greatly frightened and retreated more than a thousand li from his territory. During thirteen years, the official workshops completed the construction of a luru carriage, which could be pulled by several oxen and was often sent to the frontier. Those who discussed it, seeing how ingenious the carriage was, said to each other: "The prophecy says that in the ninth generation of Han rule, the Hu people will be driven back a thousand li. Could this possibly refer to this?" The writings of sages are in harmony with the covenant of Heaven. When Hutiwei was subdued, it became humble within several months.
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| | 匈奴南單... : |
建武二十六年，南單于遣使獻駱駝二頭，文馬十匹。 |
| | In the twenty-sixth year of Jianwu (50 AD), the Southern Chanyu dispatched envoys to present two camels and ten ornamental horses.
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| | 匈奴南單... : |
建武中，南單于來朝，賜御食及橙、橘、龍眼、荔支。 |
| | During the middle of the Jianwu era, the Southern Chanyu came to pay homage and was bestowed with imperial food as well as oranges, tangerines, longan fruit, and lychees.
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| | 匈奴南單... : |
賜鹿蠡王玉具劍，羽蓋車一駟，中郎將持節衛護焉。 |
| | He was also granted a jade-mounted sword for the Lu Li Wang, one set of four feather-roofed carriages, and a Zhonglangjiang official holding an imperial scepter to guard and escort him.
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| | 匈奴南單... : |
南單于上書獻橐駝。單于歲祭三龍祠，走馬鬥橐駝，以為樂事。 |
| | The Southern Chanyu submitted a letter offering camels. Each year, the Chanyu would offer sacrifices at the Temple of Three Dragons, race horses, and compete with camels, regarding these as sources of entertainment.
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| | 匈奴南單... : |
帝遣單于，饗賜作樂百戲，上幸離宮臨觀。 |
| | The emperor sent for the Chanyu to attend a banquet where gifts were bestowed and music and performances were held, with the emperor himself visiting a pavilion to watch.
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| | 莋都夷: |
朱酺，明帝時為益州刺史，移書屬郡，喻以聖德，白狼王等百餘國重譯來庭，歌詩三章，酺獻之。 |
| | Zhu Pu, during the reign of Emperor Ming, served as cishi (governor) of Yizhou. He sent letters to his subordinate commanderies, explaining to them the virtue of the Son of Heaven. The King of Bailing and more than a hundred other states came through multiple translations to court, composing three chapters of poetry songs, which Pu presented.
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| | 莋都夷: |
遠夷樂德歌詩曰：堤官隗搆，魏冒踰糟。罔驛劉脾，旁莫支留。徵衣隨旅，知唐桑艾。邪毗课諸，推潭僕遠。拓拒蘇便，局後仍離。僂讓龍洞，莫支度由。陽雒僧鱗，莫稚角存。遠夷慕德歌詩曰：僂讓皮尼，且交陵悟。繩動隨旅，路旦揀雒。聖德渡諾，魏菌度洗。綜邪流藩，莋邪尋螺。藐潯瀘灕，菌補邪推。辟危歸險，莫受萬柳。術疊附德，仍路孳摸。遠夷懷德歌詩曰：荒服之儀，犁籍憐憐。阻蘇邪犁，莫碭麤沐。罔驛傳微，是漢夜拒。蹤優路仁，雷折險龍。倫狼藏幢，扶路側祿。息落服淫，理歷髭雒。捕茞菌毗，懷稿匹漏。傳室呼敕，陵陽臣僕。 |
| | The song and poem praising virtue by the distant barbarians said: "Diguan Weigou, Wei Mao Yuzao." "Wangyi Liu Pi, Pangmo Zhiliu." "Zhengyi Sui Lü, Zhi Tang Sangai." "Xiepi Kezhu, Tuitan Puyuan." "Tuoju Subian, Juhou Rengli." "Loulrang Longdong, Mozhi Duyou." "Yangluo Senglin, Mozhi Jiaocun." The song and poem of the distant barbarians admiring virtue said: "Loulrang Pin Ni, Qiao Jiaolong Wu." "Shengdong Sui Lü, Ludan Jianluo." "Shengde Dunuo, Wei Jun Du Xi." "Zong Xie Liufan, Zuo Xie Xinluo." "Miao Xun Lulin, Jun Bu Xietai." "Bipi Gui Xian, Mo Shou Wanliu." "Shudie Fude, Reng Lu Zimo." The song and poem of the remote barbarians expressing admiration for virtue said: "Huangfu zhi yi, Li ji lian lian." "Zusu Xie Li, Mo Dang Ca Mu." "Wangyi Chuanwei, Shi Han Yeju." "Zong You Lu Ren, Lei She Xianlong." "Lunlang Cangzhuang, Fu Lu Ce Lu." "Xi Luo Fuyin, Li Li Ziluo." "Bu Cai Jun Pi, Huai Gao Pilei." "Chuan Shi Huchi, Lingyang Chenpu."
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| | 西羌: |
西羌祖爰劍為秦所奴隸，而亡藏巖穴中，見焚，有影象如虎，為蔽火，得不死。諸羌以為神，推以為豪。 |
| | The western Qiang Zu Yuanjian was enslaved by the Qin, and fled to hide in caves among the rocks. He was set on fire, but a shadow resembling a tiger appeared and shielded him from the flames, allowing him to survive. The various Qiang tribes regarded this as a divine omen and elected him as their leader.
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| | 西羌: |
護羌竇林奉使，羌顛岸降，詣林，林欲以為功效，奏言大豪。後顛岸兄顛吾復詣林，林言其第一豪。問事狀，林對前後兩屈。林以誣罔詣獄。上不忍誅，免官。後涼州刺史奏林贓罪，復收繫羽林監，遂死獄中。 |
| | Huqiang Dou Lin was sent on a mission, and Qiang Dianan surrendered to him. Lin wished to take credit for the achievement and reported that Dianan was a great chieftain. Later, Dianan's elder brother Dianwu also surrendered to Lin, and Lin claimed that he was the foremost chieftain. When questioned about the matter, Lin admitted that both instances were fabrications. Lin was sent to prison for making false accusations. The emperor, unwilling to execute him, merely dismissed Lin from his post. Later, the governor of Liangzhou submitted a report detailing Lin's corrupt crimes, and he was once again arrested and confined to the Yulin Jian prison, where he eventually died.
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| | 西羌: |
羌什長鞏便。 |
| | Qiang Shizhang Gongbian.
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| | 西羌: |
金城、隴西卑湳、勒姐種羌反，出塞外。 |
| | The Qiang tribes of Binan and Lejie in Jincheng and Longxi rebelled, moving beyond the frontier.
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