| | 幼官圖: |
若因處虛守靜人物則皇。五和時節，君服黃色，味甘味，聽宮聲，治和氣，用五數，飲於黃后之井，以倮獸之火爨，藏溫濡，行敺養，坦氣修通，凡物開靜，形生理。 |
| | If one dwells in emptiness and maintains stillness, then the person becomes royal. During the five harmonious seasons, the ruler wears yellow clothing, savors sweet flavors, listens to palatial tones, governs with harmonious qi (vital energy), employs the number five, drinks water from the Yellow Empress's well, uses fire made by a hairless beast for cooking, stores warmth and moisture, practices gentle nurturing, cultivates openness in vital energy and smoothness, allowing all things to open into stillness, thus achieving physical health and physiological balance.
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| | 幼官圖: |
常至命，尊賢授德，則帝。身仁行義，服忠用信，則王。審謀章禮，選士利械，則霸。定生處死，謹賢修伍，則眾。信賞審罰，爵材祿能，則強。計凡付終，務本飾末，則富。明法審數，立常備能，則治。同異分官，則安。 |
| | If one consistently attains longevity, respects the virtuous, and bestows virtue, then he becomes an emperor. If a person embodies benevolence in conduct and upholds righteousness through action, if he wears loyalty and employs trustworthiness, then he is a king. If one carefully plans strategies and clarifies rites, selects officials and benefits from tools and equipment, then he becomes a hegemon. If one establishes life and faces death resolutely, carefully cultivates virtue among the people and disciplines the ranks, then he commands the masses. If rewards are trustworthy and punishments are carefully administered, if titles are given according to talent and salaries according to ability, then one becomes strong. If all plans and efforts are directed toward completion, if the fundamental is pursued diligently while embellishing the superficial, then wealth will be achieved. If laws are clearly established and numbers carefully examined, if regular systems are set in place and capabilities prepared in advance, then order is achieved. If differences and similarities are properly assigned to officials, then peace will be attained.
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| | 幼官圖: |
通之以道，畜之以惠，親之以仁，養之以義，報之以德，結之以信，接之以禮，和之以樂，期之以事，攻之以言，發之以力，威之以誠，一舉而上下得終，再舉而民無不從，三舉而地辟散成，四舉而農佚粟十，五舉而務輕金九，六舉而絜知事變，七舉而內外為用，八舉而勝行威立，九舉而帝事成形。 |
| | Unify them through the Dao, nurture them with grace, endear them with benevolence, raise them with righteousness, repay them with virtue, unite them with trustworthiness, greet them with rites, harmonize them with music, set expectations for their tasks, challenge them with words, mobilize them with strength, and impress them with sincerity. With one action, the superior and inferior will achieve completion; with a second action, the people will have no choice but to follow; with a third action, land will be cultivated and settlements established; with a fourth action, farmers will enjoy leisure while grain increases tenfold; with a fifth action, efforts become lighter and gold becomes nine times more valuable; with a sixth action, clarity of knowledge about affairs and changes is attained; with a seventh action, internal and external resources are effectively utilized; with an eighth action, victories are achieved and authority is established; with a ninth action, the form of imperial governance is realized.
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| | 幼官圖: |
九本搏大，人主之守也。八分有職，卿相之守也。七官飾勝備威，將軍之守也。六紀審密，賢人之守也，五紀不解，庶人之守也。動而無不從，靜而無不同。治亂之本三，卑尊之交四，富貧之終五，盛衰之紀六，安危之機七，強弱之應八，存亡之數九。練之以散群傰署，凡數財署。殺僇以聚財，勸勉以選眾，使二分具本，發善必審於密，執威必明於中，此居圖方中。 |
| | The nine fundamentals, when fully developed, constitute what a sovereign ruler must safeguard. With eight divisions and assigned duties, this is the responsibility of high ministers and chancellors to uphold. With seven offices adorned with prepared authority and power, this is what a general must safeguard. With six regulations carefully examined for secrecy, this is the duty of virtuous men to uphold; with five regulations not yet resolved, this is what common people must safeguard. When in motion, none will fail to follow; when at rest, all will be in harmony. The root of order and chaos consists of three elements; the intersection of lowliness and honor comprises four aspects; the outcome of wealth and poverty involves five factors; the regulation of prosperity and decline includes six points; the pivot of safety and danger entails seven keys; the response between strength and weakness encompasses eight dimensions; the number determining survival or destruction totals nine. Train them by dispersing groups of assistants, managing all numerical resources through official appointments. Use killing and punishment to concentrate wealth, encourage and motivate to select the people, ensuring that two divisions are fully prepared. When initiating good actions, one must carefully examine in secret; when enforcing authority, one must clearly demonstrate within. This is how a ruler maintains control at the center of the map (i.e., the central position).
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右中方本圖 |
| | The Central Map of the Right and Center Fundamentals
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| | 幼官圖: |
必得文威武官習，勝之。務時因，勝之。終無方，勝之。幾行義，勝之。理名實，勝之。急時分，勝之。事察伐，勝之。行備具，勝之，原無象，勝之。本定獨威，勝。定計財，勝。定知聞，勝。定選士，勝。定制祿，勝。定方用，勝。定綸理，勝。定死生，勝。定成敗，勝。定依奇，勝。定實虛，勝。定盛衰，勝。舉機誠要，則敵不量。用利至誠，則敵不校。明名章實，則士死節。奇舉發不意，則士歡用。交物因方，則械器備。因能利備，則求必得。執務明本，則士不偷。備具無常，無方應也。聽於鈔，故能聞無極。視於新，故能見未形。思於濬，故能知未始。發於驚，故能至無量。動於昌，故能得其寶。立於謀，故能實不可故也。器成教守，則不遠道里。號審教施，則不險山河。博一純固，則獨行而無敵。慎號審章，則其攻不待。權與明必勝，則慈者勇。器無方，則愚者智。攻不守，則拙者巧。數也。動慎十號。明審九章。飾習十器。善習五官。謹修三官。必設常主。計必先定，求天下之精材。論百工之銳器。器成，角試否臧。收天下之豪傑，有天下之稱材。說行若風雨，發如雷電，此居於圖方中。 |
| | One must certainly obtain officials who are well-versed in both civil administration, martial prowess, and experience; only then can one achieve victory. Act according to the right timing and circumstances; thus, one achieves victory. End without fixed methods; thus, one achieves victory. (Translation note: "終無方" literally means "ending with no fixed method," implying flexibility and adaptability in strategy.) Act on the subtle signs of righteousness; thus, one achieves victory. (Translation note: "幾行義" refers to acting upon the initial or subtle indications of righteous conduct.) Clarify names and realities; thus, one achieves victory. (Translation note: This phrase is a reference to the Confucian principle of aligning words with their actual meanings in order to achieve proper governance.) Urgently divide according to timing; thus, one achieves victory. (Translation note: This suggests the importance of timely and decisive action in dividing or organizing resources or forces.) Investigate affairs thoroughly before attacking; thus, one achieves victory. (Translation note: The phrase emphasizes careful examination of circumstances prior to taking military or strategic action.) When preparations and provisions are complete, one achieves victory; when the original form is without image (i.e., unpredictable), one also achieves victory. (Translation note: This suggests that both thorough preparation and adaptability to unforeseen or intangible circumstances lead to success.) Establish the fundamental authority uniquely; thus, one wins. Set plans and manage wealth; thus, one prevails. Establish knowledge and awareness; thus, one triumphs. Determine the selection of officials; thus, one achieves victory. (Translation note: This emphasizes the importance of choosing capable individuals for governance or leadership as a key to success.) Establish regulations and salaries; thus, one prevails. (Translation note: This refers to setting clear rules and appropriate rewards to maintain order and motivate people.) Determine methods of use; thus, one triumphs. (Translation note: This suggests that defining proper strategies or applications for resources leads to success.) Establish the principles and order (of governance); thus, one prevails. (Translation note: "綸理" can be interpreted as the principles of administration or the orderly structure of government. This phrase emphasizes the importance of clear governance in achieving victory.) Determine life and death (matters); thus, one triumphs. (Translation note: This likely refers to making decisive judgments or taking firm actions regarding critical issues, such as military strategy or governance.) Determine success and failure; thus, one prevails. (Translation note: This emphasizes the importance of assessing outcomes clearly in order to guide future actions toward victory.) Establish reliance on the extraordinary or unconventional; thus, one triumphs. (Translation note: "依奇" suggests depending on unexpected strategies or unique methods. This phrase highlights the value of innovation and flexibility in achieving success.) Determine reality from illusion; thus, one prevails. (Translation note: This emphasizes the importance of discerning truth from falsehood or distinguishing solid facts from deceptive appearances to achieve victory.) Determine prosperity and decline; thus, one triumphs. (Translation note: This refers to understanding the cycles of rise and fall in order to make strategic decisions that lead to success.) When decisive actions are taken with sincerity and precision, the enemy cannot measure or anticipate them. When benefits are employed with utmost sincerity, the enemy will not dare to challenge. When names and realities are clearly defined, officials will die for their principles. (Translation note: This refers to a Confucian ideal where clarity in titles and responsibilities leads to loyalty and sacrifice among the virtuous.) When unexpected or unconventional actions are taken, officials will eagerly serve. (Translation note: This suggests that surprising or innovative strategies inspire enthusiasm and dedication from subordinates.) By interacting with things according to their nature, tools and equipment are fully prepared. (Translation note: This implies understanding the inherent properties of materials or resources in order to effectively prepare necessary instruments.) By utilizing abilities for benefit and preparation, whatever is sought will surely be obtained. When duties are carried out with a clear understanding of fundamentals, officials will not act negligently or deceitfully. (Translation note: This emphasizes the importance of grasping core principles in governance to ensure integrity and diligence among subordinates.) Preparations must be complete yet without fixed patterns; this is how one responds effectively to any situation. (Translation note: This suggests that while thorough preparation is essential, it should remain flexible and adaptable to unforeseen circumstances.) By listening attentively, one can perceive the infinite. (Translation note: "聽於鈔" likely means "listening with utmost attention," implying that deep focus allows one to grasp limitless knowledge or insight.) By observing with freshness and openness, one can see what has not yet taken form. (Translation note: This suggests maintaining a clear and unbiased perspective in order to foresee potential developments or hidden realities.) By thinking deeply and thoroughly, one can understand what has not yet begun. (Translation note: This emphasizes the value of profound contemplation in anticipating future events or origins that are still unseen.) By acting with suddenness and surprise, one can reach limitless success. (Translation note: This suggests that unexpected actions or strategies can lead to extraordinary achievements beyond conventional limits.) By initiating action at the right moment of prosperity, one is able to obtain its treasures. (Translation note: "動於昌" implies taking decisive steps during a time of flourishing or opportunity.) By establishing oneself in strategy and planning, one can achieve results that are not bound by convention. (Translation note: This emphasizes the power of strategic thinking to produce outcomes beyond traditional expectations.) When tools are perfected and teachings preserved, one does not need to travel far in order to understand the Way. (Translation note: This suggests that with proper preparation and knowledge, wisdom is accessible without physical distance.) When commands are carefully issued and teachings properly implemented, one need not fear mountains or rivers. (Translation note: This implies that effective leadership and clear instruction can overcome natural obstacles or challenges.) By being broad in knowledge yet unified, pure in purpose and resolute in strength, one may act alone without an equal. (Translation note: This emphasizes the combination of comprehensive understanding with focused determination as a path to invincibility.) By carefully issuing commands and thoroughly examining regulations, one's attack will not be delayed. (Translation note: This suggests that precise leadership and well-considered policies ensure swift and effective action.) When authority is combined with clarity, victory is certain; thus, the compassionate become courageous. (Translation note: This implies that wise leadership inspires bravery even in those who are kind-hearted.) When tools have no fixed form (i.e., are adaptable), then the foolish become wise. (Translation note: This suggests that flexible and innovative methods can elevate even those with limited understanding.) When attack is not confined to defense, then the clumsy become skillful. (Translation note: This implies that breaking free from rigid strategies allows even the unskilled to develop ingenuity.) This is a matter of numbers. Act with caution in issuing ten commands. Clearly examine the nine regulations. Refine and become proficient in handling ten tools. Become skilled in managing the five offices. Carefully cultivate the three offices. One must always establish a regular authority. Plans must be determined first; seek the finest materials from throughout the world. Discuss the sharp tools of a hundred craftspeople. Once the tool is completed, test whether it is good or bad. Recruit the heroes and outstanding individuals of the world; possess the talents worthy of being called the best in the world. When words are spoken with the swiftness of wind and rain, actions taken like thunder and lightning, this is how one resides at the center of the strategic map. (Translation note: This metaphor emphasizes decisive and powerful communication and action as essential to central authority or leadership.)
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右中方副圖 |
| | The Auxiliary Map of the Right and Central Positions
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| | 幼官圖: |
春行冬政，肅。行秋政，雷。行夏政，則閹。十二，地氣發，戒春事。十二，小卯，出耕。十二，天氣下，賜與。十二，義氣至，修門閭。十二，清明，發禁。十二，始卯，合男女。十二，中卯。十二，下卯。三卯同事。八舉時節，君服青色，味酸味，聽角聲，治燥氣，用八數，飲於青后之井，以羽獸之火爨，藏不忍，行敺養，坦氣修通，凡物開靜，形生理。合內空周外，強國為圈，弱國為屬。動而無不從，靜而無不同。舉發以禮，時禮必得。和好不基，貴賤無司，事變日至，此居於圖東方方外。 |
| | In spring, enforce winter policies; this brings solemnity. loud Enforce autumn policies; this produces a thunderous effect. (Translation note: This metaphor suggests that implementing strict or decisive measures in the appropriate season can have powerful and impactful results.) To enforce summer policies leads to castration (i.e., emasculation, loss of vitality). (Translation note: This metaphor implies that applying overly lenient or inappropriate governance during the wrong time can weaken strength and vigor.) On the twelfth day, terrestrial qi (vital energy) is released; caution must be exercised regarding spring activities. On the twelfth [day], minor Mao period: begin plowing. (Translation note: "小卯" likely refers to a specific time or phase in traditional Chinese agricultural calendars, marking the start of farming activities.) On the twelfth [day], celestial qi descends; bestow rewards and gifts. On the twelfth [day], righteous qi arrives; repair gates and neighborhood entrances. (Translation note: This suggests that on this day, efforts should be made to maintain or improve community infrastructure as a sign of virtue.) On the twelfth [day], Qingming (Clear Brightness): lift restrictions. (Translation note: "Qingming" likely refers to the traditional Chinese festival or period, during which certain prohibitions are relaxed.) On the twelfth [day], initial Mao period: unite men and women (i.e., allow marriages or romantic unions). (Translation note: "始卯" may refer to a specific time in an agricultural calendar, marking when social activities such as marriage are permitted.) On the twelfth [day], middle Mao period. On the twelfth [day], lower Mao period. The three Mao periods work together (in harmony). During the eight seasonal periods, the ruler wears green clothing, savors sour flavors, listens to jiao tones, governs with dry qi (vital energy), uses the number eight, drinks water from the Green Empress's well, cooks with fire made by a feathered beast, stores what is 不忍 (unwilling to be discarded or wasted), practices gentle nurturing, cultivates open and smooth vital energy, allowing all things to enter stillness, thus achieving harmony in form and physiology. By uniting the inner emptiness with the outer circumference, a strong state becomes a circle (i.e., self-sufficient or dominant), while a weak state becomes an appendage. (Translation note: This metaphor describes how powerful states form independent centers of influence, whereas weaker ones become dependent satellites.) When in motion, none fail to follow; when still, all are in harmony. Initiate actions according to rites; at the right time, rites will surely be fulfilled. (Translation note: This emphasizes that following proper rituals and timing ensures success.) If harmony is not established as a foundation, if rank and status are without regulation, and if affairs change daily with increasing frequency, then this situation resides beyond the eastern boundary of the map. (Translation note: This metaphorically describes a state of disorder or instability that lies outside the realm of proper governance.)
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右東方本圖 |
| | The Eastern Map of Fundamentals
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| | 幼官圖: |
旗物尚青，兵尚矛，刑則交寒害釱。器成不守，經不知。教習不著，發不意。經不知，故莫之能圉。發不意，故莫之能應。莫之能應，故全勝而無害。莫之能圉，故必勝而無敵。四機不明，不過九日，而游兵驚軍。障塞不審，不過八日，而外賊得間。由守不慎，不過七日，而內有讒謀。詭禁不修，不過六日，而竊盜者起。死亡不食，不過四日，而軍財在敵，此居於圖東方方外。 |
| | Symbols and objects favor green; weapons favor spears; punishments involve cold, harmful, and piercing methods. (Translation note: This describes the symbolic and practical characteristics of a particular state or period in terms of color, weaponry, and punitive measures.) When tools are completed but not defended, their principles remain unknown. If training and practice are not evident, then actions will be unexpected. (Translation note: This suggests that visible preparation is necessary to avoid surprise or confusion in action.) Since the principles remain unknown, no one can guard against them. Because actions are unexpected, no one is able to respond effectively. Since no one can respond effectively, complete victory is achieved without harm. Since no one can guard against it, certain victory and invincibility are attained. If the four opportunities (or critical points) remain unclear, within nine days, scattered troops will alarm the army. (Translation note: This suggests that a lack of strategic awareness can quickly lead to disorder and panic in military forces.) If defenses are not carefully examined, within eight days, external enemies will find an opportunity. (Translation note: This implies that inadequate inspection of fortifications can lead to vulnerabilities being exploited by outsiders.) If guarding is not done with care, within seven days, there will be internal plots and slander. (Translation note: This indicates that negligence in defense can lead to internal conspiracies emerging quickly.) If deceptive prohibitions are not properly enforced, within six days, thieves and lawbreakers will arise. (Translation note: This suggests that lax enforcement of rules can lead to criminal activity emerging in a short time.) If the dead are not given proper burial, within four days, military resources will fall into enemy hands; this situation resides outside the eastern boundary of the Map. (Translation note: This metaphorically describes how neglecting even basic rites can lead to dire consequences and a state beyond control.)
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右東方副圖 |
| | The Eastern Supplementary Map
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| | 幼官圖: |
夏行春政，風。行冬政，落。重則雨雹。行秋政，水。十二，小郢，至德。十二，絕氣下，下爵賞。十二，中郢，賜與。十二，中絕，收聚。十二，大暑，至盡善。十二，中暑。十二，小暑。終三暑同事。七舉時節，君服赤色，味苦味，聽羽聲，治陽氣，用七數，飲於赤后之井，以毛獸之火爨，藏薄純，行篤厚，坦氣修通，凡物開靜，形生理。定府官，明名分，而審責於群臣有司，則下不乘上，賤不乘貴，法立數得，而無比周之民，則上尊而下卑，遠近不乖，此居於圖南方方外。 |
| | Implementing spring policies in summer causes wind. (Translation note: This is a metaphorical statement, likely referring to the consequences of applying inappropriate governance or seasonal strategies.) Implementing winter policies causes falling (or decline). (Translation note: This continues the metaphor about the effects of misaligned governance with natural order or seasons.) Excessiveness leads to hail and rain. (Translation note: This suggests that overdoing something, like policies or actions, can result in harsh consequences, symbolized by severe weather phenomena.) Implementing autumn policies causes water (flooding). (Translation note: This continues the metaphorical pattern of governance affecting natural order, with misalignment leading to specific negative outcomes.) Twelve, Xiao Ying, Zhidé. Twelve, the vital energy is cut off below; lower ranks receive rewards and honors. (Translation note: This appears to be a numbered statement describing a situation where authority or vitality is diminished at the lower levels, leading to the granting of titles and rewards.) Twelve, Zhong Ying, bestowals. (Translation note: This seems to be a numbered entry referencing a location or title "Zhong Ying" associated with the act of granting gifts or honors.) Twelve, middle cut off, gathering in. (Translation note: This appears to be part of a numbered list describing a situation where something is interrupted at the center and resources or people are being collected.) Twelve, Major Heat, reaching utmost perfection. (Translation note: This seems to be part of a numbered sequence referencing "Major Heat," likely a solar term or metaphor for intense conditions leading to complete excellence.) Twelve, Middle Heat. Twelve, Minor Heat. The three heats conclude together. (Translation note: This likely refers to the completion or convergence of three heat-related periods or phenomena.) At the seventh instance of raising the season, the ruler wears red clothing, favors bitter flavors, listens to the Yu musical tone, governs with Yang energy, employs the number seven, drinks from the Red Empress's well, uses fire made from furs for cooking, stores thin and pure materials, practices sincerity and depth, cultivates openness and thoroughness in breath, all things open into stillness, forms and functions are harmonious. When official positions are established, names and ranks clarified, and responsibilities carefully assigned to ministers and officials, then subordinates will not overstep their superiors, the lowly will not surpass the noble. Laws become firm and numbers (or standards) are achieved, with no people forming factions or conspiracies; thus, rulers remain respected and subjects humble, distant and near in harmony—this situation resides outside the southern boundary of the Map. (Translation note: This passage discusses proper governance through clear roles and responsibilities to maintain social order.)
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右南方本圖 |
| | The Southern Fundamental Map
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| | 幼官圖: |
旗物尚赤，兵尚戟，刑則燒交彊郊。必明其一，必明其將，必明其政，必明其士，四者備，則以治擊亂，以成擊敗。數戰則士疲，數勝則君驕，驕君使疲民，則危國。至善不戰，其次一之。大勝者積眾，勝而無非義者，焉可以為大勝。大勝，無不勝也。此居於圖南方方外。 |
| | Symbols and objects favor red; weapons favor halberds; punishments involve burning, crossing boundaries, and attacking suburbs. (Translation note: This describes the symbolic, military, and punitive characteristics associated with a particular state or region.) One must clearly understand the terrain, clearly understand the general, clearly understand governance, and clearly understand the soldiers. When these four are complete, one can use order to strike disorder, and success to defeat failure. (Translation note: This emphasizes comprehensive understanding in military or strategic leadership.) Frequent battles exhaust the soldiers; frequent victories make the ruler arrogant. An arrogant ruler exploiting exhausted people endangers the state. (Translation note: This warns against overextension and complacency in leadership.) The highest virtue is to avoid war; the next best is to engage once. A great victory must accumulate many forces. A victory achieved without injustice—how can it be considered a true great victory? (Translation note: This suggests that genuine greatness in victory requires both strength and moral justification.) A great victory means there is no one who cannot be defeated. This situation resides outside the southern boundary of [the Map].
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右南方副圖 |
| | The Southern Supplementary Map
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| | 幼官圖: |
秋行夏政，葉。行春政，華。行冬政，秏。十二，期風至，戒秋事。十二，小卯，薄百爵。十二，白露下，收聚。十二，復理，賜予。十二，始前節第賦事。十二，始卯，合男女。十二，中卯。十二，下卯。三卯同事。九和時節，君服白色，味辛味，聽商聲，治溼氣，用九數，飲於白后之井，以介蟲之火爨，藏恭敬，行搏銳，坦氣修通，凡物開靜，形生理。閒男女之畜，修鄉里之什伍，量委積之多寡，定府官之計數，養老弱而勿通，信利害而無私。此居於圖西方方外。 |
| | Implementing summer policies in autumn causes leaves to fall. (Translation note: This continues the metaphor of misaligned governance affecting natural order.) Implementing spring policies causes blossoms. Implementing winter policies leads to exhaustion (or depletion). Twelve, the wind arrives on schedule; prepare for autumn matters. Twelve, Xiao Mao, thinning out a hundred ranks. (Translation note: This appears to be part of an enumeration referencing "Xiao Mao" and the reduction or simplification of titles or positions.) Twelve, White Dew descends; gathering in. (Translation note: This seems to be part of numbered entries referencing a seasonal term and an action of collection or consolidation.) Twelve, restoration of order, bestowals are given. Twelve, beginning the first section of seasonal duties and assignments. Twelve, Beginning Mao, uniting men and women. (Translation note: This likely refers to a time or event associated with "Mao" where social or marital arrangements are made.) Twelve, Middle Mao. Twelve, Lower Mao. The three Maos act together. (Translation note: This likely refers to the convergence or coordination of three "Mao" periods or events.) At the ninth instance of harmony in the seasons, the ruler wears white clothing, favors pungent flavors, listens to the Shang musical tone, governs dampness, employs the number nine, drinks from the White Empress's well, uses insect-derived fire for cooking, stores reverence and respect, practices boldness and sharpness, cultivates openness in breath, all things enter stillness, forms and functions harmonize. Regulate the breeding of men and women, organize village units into groups of ten and five, assess the abundance or scarcity of stored supplies, establish official positions with precise numerical planning, care for the elderly and weak without allowing them to serve in active roles, and ensure trustworthiness regarding benefits and harms without favoritism. This situation resides outside the western boundary of [the Map].
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右西方本圖 |
| | The Western Fundamental Map
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| | 幼官圖: |
旗物尚白，兵尚劍，刑則紹昧斷絕。始乎無端，卒乎無窮。始乎無端，道也。卒乎無窮，德也。道不可量，德不可數。不可量，則眾強不能圖。不可數，則為軸不敢鄉。兩者備施，動靜有功。畜之以道，養之以德。畜之以道，則民和。養之以德，則民合。和合故能習，習故能偕，偕習以悉，莫之能傷也。此居於圖西方方外。 |
| | Symbols and objects favor white; weapons favor swords; punishments involve severing darkness and cutting off connections. (Translation note: This describes symbolic, military, and legal characteristics associated with a specific state or region.) It begins without an origin and ends without limit. To begin without an origin is the Dao (the Way). To end without limit is De (Virtue). The Dao cannot be measured; the De cannot be counted. Since it cannot be measured, no number of strong forces can plan against it. Since it cannot be counted, even the central axis dares not face it. (Translation note: This metaphorically suggests that something beyond calculation or comprehension is so powerful or mysterious that even fundamental structures hesitate to confront it.) When both are fully applied, movement and stillness yield success. Nurture through the Dao; raise with De (Virtue). (Translation note: This emphasizes cultivating people or things in accordance with fundamental principles and moral values.) To nurture according to the Dao brings harmony among the people. To raise with De (Virtue) unites the people. Harmony and unity enable learning; through learning, they become coordinated; when fully coordinated, nothing can harm them. This situation resides outside the western boundary [of the Map].
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右西方副圖 |
| | The Western Supplementary Map
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| | 幼官圖: |
冬行秋政，霧。行夏政，雷。行春政，烝泄。十二，始寒，盡刑。十二，小榆，賜予。十二，中寒，收聚。十二，中榆，大收。十二，寒至，靜。十二，大寒，之陰。十二，大寒終。三寒同事。六行時節，君服黑色，味鹹味，聽徵聲，治陰氣，用六數，飲於黑后之井，以鱗獸之火爨，藏慈厚，行薄純，坦氣修通，凡物開靜，形生理。器成於僇，教行於鈔，動靜不記，行止無量。戒審四時以別息，異出入以兩易，明養生以解固，審取與以總之。一會諸侯，令曰：非玄帝之命，毋有一日之師役。再會諸侯，令曰：養孤老，食常疾，收孤寡。三會諸侯，令曰：田租百取五，市賦百取二，關賦百取一，毋乏耕織之器。四會諸侯，令曰：修道路，偕度量，一稱數，毋征藪澤，以時禁發之。五會諸侯，令曰：修春秋冬夏之常祭，食天壤山川之故祀，必以時。六會諸侯，令曰：以爾壤生物共玄官，請四輔，將以祀上帝。七會諸侯，令曰：官處四體而無禮者，流之焉莠命。八會諸侯，令曰：立四義而無議者，尚之于玄官，聽於三公。九會諸侯，令曰：以爾封內之財物，國之所有為幣。九會，大命焉出，常至。千里之外，二千里之內，諸侯三年而朝習命。二年，三卿使四輔。一年正月朔日，令大夫來修，受命三公。二千里之外，三千里之內，諸侯五年而會至習命。三年，名卿請事。二年，大夫通吉凶。七年重適入，正禮義。五年，大夫請變。三千里之外，諸侯世一至，置大夫以為廷安，入共受命焉。此居於圖北方方外。 |
| | Implementing autumn policies in winter causes fog. Implementing summer policies causes thunder. Implementing spring policies leads to excessive discharge or release. (Translation note: This metaphorically describes the consequences of misaligned governance, where natural order is disrupted.) Twelve, beginning cold, punishment reaches its end. Twelve, Xiao Yu, bestowals are made. Twelve, Middle Cold, gathering in. (Translation note: This appears to be part of numbered seasonal or administrative entries describing a period and an action.) Twelve, Zhong Yu, great harvest. Twelve, Cold Arrives, stillness. (Translation note: This likely refers to a seasonal or climatic event and its associated state of tranquility.) Twelve, Major Cold, reaching Yin. Twelve, the end of Major Cold. The three Colds act together. (Translation note: This likely refers to the coordination or convergence of three cold-related periods or events.) At the sixth instance of seasonal movement, the ruler wears black clothing, favors salty flavors, listens to the Zheng musical tone, governs Yin energy, employs the number six, drinks from the Black Empress's well, uses scaled-animal fire for cooking, stores kindness and depth, practices thinness and purity in action, cultivates openness in breath; all things enter stillness; forms and functions harmonize. (Translation note: This passage describes a ruler's conduct and environment aligned with seasonal principles.) Tools are completed through toil; teachings spread through copying. Movement and stillness go unrecorded; actions and halts have no measure. (Translation note: This metaphorically describes the process of creation, dissemination, and unpredictability in action.) Be cautious and discerning regarding the four seasons to distinguish rest; differentiate between entry and exit for mutual exchange; clarify nurturing life to resolve rigidity; carefully consider giving and taking to summarize all. Assembling the feudal lords, an order was given: "Without the command of the Xuan Di (the Black Emperor), there shall not be even one day's military service." Gathering the feudal lords a second time, an order was given: "Provide for orphans and elders, feed those with chronic illnesses, and care for widows and widowers." Gathering the feudal lords a third time, an order was given: "From land taxes, take five per hundred; from market levies, two per hundred; from customs duties, one per hundred. Do not deprive farmers and weavers of their tools." (Translation note: This describes tax rates and provisions for agricultural and textile production.) Gathering the feudal lords a fourth time, an order was given: "Repair roads; standardize measurements and weights; unify scales and numbers; do not exploit marshes and lakes without cause; regulate their use according to seasons." (Translation note: This emphasizes infrastructure development, standardization, and sustainable resource management.) Gathering the feudal lords a fifth time, an order was given: "Maintain regular sacrifices for spring, autumn, winter, and summer; offer food to the ancient rites of heaven, earth, mountains, and rivers—always at the proper times." (Translation note: This emphasizes religious observance and seasonal rituals.) Gathering the feudal lords a sixth time, an order was given: "Offer your land's produce to the Xuan Guan (Black Official), request four assistants, and prepare for sacrifices to Shangdi (the Supreme Deity)." (Translation note: This describes religious offerings and preparations for worship.) Gathering the feudal lords a seventh time, an order was given: "Officials who occupy positions but lack propriety shall be exiled to serve as weeds of the imperial command." (Translation note: This refers to punishment for corrupt or disrespectful officials.) Gathering the feudal lords an eighth time, an order was given: "Establish four virtues without debate; elevate them to the Xuan Guan and submit for review by the Three Dukes." (Translation note: This describes a process of establishing moral principles through official channels.) Gathering the feudal lords a ninth time, an order was given: "Use the wealth and goods within your fiefdoms as tribute representing the nation's possessions." (Translation note: This refers to contributions from vassal states for national purposes.) After nine gatherings, a great decree emerges and arrives regularly. Beyond one thousand li but within two thousand li, the feudal lords must pay homage and receive instructions every three years. (Translation note: This describes a system of periodic visits by vassal rulers to the central authority.) Every two years, the Three High Officials send envoys to the Four Assistants. On the first day of the first month in one year, an order is given for officials to come and prepare; they receive instructions from the Three Dukes. Beyond two thousand li but within three thousand li, feudal lords must gather for homage and instruction every five years. (Translation note: This describes a hierarchical system of vassal visits based on distance.) Every three years, the named high officials request matters to be addressed. Every two years, officials convey news of auspicious and inauspicious events. (Translation note: This describes a regular reporting system for important occurrences.) After seven years, major visits occur to reaffirm rites and righteousness. Every five years, officials request changes or adjustments. Beyond three thousand li, the feudal lords visit once per generation; they appoint officials to serve in court for stability and enter together to receive instructions. This is located beyond the northern direction on the map.
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右北方本圖 |
| | The original map of the northern region.
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| | 幼官圖: |
旗物尚黑，兵尚脅盾，刑則游仰灌流。察數而知治，審器而識勝，明謀而適勝，通德而天下定。定宗廟，育男女，官四分，則可以立威行德，制法儀，出號令。至善之為兵也，非地是求也，罰人是君也；立義而加之以勝，至威而實之以德，守之而後修，勝心焚海內。民之所利立之，所害除之，則民人從。立為六千里之侯，則大人從。使國君得其治，則人君從會。請命於天地，知氣和，則生物從。計緩急之事，則危危而無難。明於器械之利，則涉難而不變。察於先後之理，則兵出而不困。通於出入之度，則深入而不危。審於動靜之務，則功得而無害也。著於取與之分，則得地而不執。慎於號令之官，則舉事而有功。此居於圖北方方外。 |
| | Banners and insignia favor black; military forces emphasize shields and side protection; punishments follow a flowing, ascending method like irrigation. (Translation note: This describes cultural and administrative characteristics.) Observing numbers reveals governance; examining tools identifies victory; clarifying strategies ensures appropriate triumph; understanding virtue brings stability to the world. Establish ancestral temples, nurture men and women, divide officials into four categories—then one can establish authority and virtue, regulate laws and rituals, and issue decrees. The most virtuous approach to military affairs is not about seeking territory, but about punishing people as the ruler's responsibility; Establish righteousness and add it with victory, achieve authority by substantiating it through virtue, maintain it and then cultivate it—thus the desire for triumph will burn across the land. Establish what benefits the people and remove what harms them, and the populace will follow. If one is established as a marquis ruling over six thousand li of territory, then great officials will follow. Enable the national ruler to achieve good governance, and then sovereigns will attend assemblies together. Seeking mandate from heaven and earth, understanding harmony of qi (vital energy), then all living things will follow. Calculate matters according to their urgency, and even in perilous situations there will be no difficulty. Understanding the advantages of weapons and tools allows one to face difficulties without change. Comprehending the principles of sequence ensures that military forces can be deployed without becoming trapped in hardship. Understanding the measures for entering and exiting allows one to penetrate deeply without danger. Carefully discerning between action and stillness ensures that achievements are gained without harm. Clearly distinguishing between taking and giving allows one to gain territory without becoming overly possessive or rigid. Being cautious in appointing officials responsible for issuing commands ensures that undertakings achieve success. This is located beyond the northern region on the map.
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右北方副圖 |
| | The supplementary map of the northern region
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