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2  | 介子推事见于《左传》，则曰晋侯求之不获，以绵上为之田。曰以志吾过，且旌善人。《吕氏春秋》则曰：负釜盖簦终身不见。二书去当时未远，为得其实。然之推亦未久而死。故以田禄其于尔。《史记》之言稍异，亦不过曰使人召之则亡，闻其入绵上山中，于是环绵上山中而封之，以为介推田，号曰介山而已。立枯之说始自屈原，燔死之说始自《庄子》。（《容斋三笔》以为始自刘向《新序》，非也。）《楚辞·九章》：惜往日介子忠而立枯兮，文公寤而追求。封介山而为之禁兮，报大德之优游。思久故之亲身兮，因缟素而哭之。《庄子》则曰：介子推至忠也，自割其股以食文公，文公后背之，子推怒而去抱木而燔死。（〈盗跖篇〉。东方朔〈七谏〉、〈丙吉传〉、长安士伍尊书，刘向《说苑》《新序》因之。《水经注》引王肃《丧服要记》桂树之问，亦辨以为诬。）于是瑰奇之行彰，而廉靖之心没矣。今当以《左氏》为据。割股燔山，理之所无，皆不可信。 |
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