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河南通志 -> Search for "ctext:410630"
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| Scope: 河南通志 |
| Condition : References “禹贡锥指” |
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7  | 胡渭《禹贡锥指》曰：「宋君臣论治河，往往有格言而无变通。如元丰四年神宗谓辅臣曰：水性趋下治水，则无违其性，如能顺水所向，徙城邑以避之，复有何患？此格言也。然施之于商胡北流适得其宜。若地平土疏，溃溢四出，所占不止一河之地者，岂亦当顺水所向，迁城邑以避之乎？欧阳修曰：河本泥沙，无不淤之理，淤常先下流，水行渐壅，乃决上流低处，故大河已弃之故道，自古难复。此格言也。然瓠子决二十馀年，而武帝塞之，河复北行，二渠河浸汴济，注淮、泗六十馀年，而王景治之，仍由千乘入海。今横陇之徙，裁二十年，安见必不可复？但北流实为利便，不当更事横陇耳。张商英曰：「治河当行其所无事。一用堤障，犹塞儿口止其啼，此格言也。语出贾让，然让意谓正道常流不可效，战国为之曲防耳。若冲激之处，溃溢可虞，非增卑培薄，何以御之？此数说者，譬如奕者必胜之著，而低手混施之，则全局皆空。古今经验之方而庸医误用之，则杀人无算。故治河之道，或新或旧，或合或分，或通或塞，或无事或小，有事或大，有事神而明之，存乎其人。茍非其人，则必有害，孟子所以恶执，一也。潘季驯《河防一览》曰：水以海为壑，向因海壅河高，以致决堤四溢，谈河患者皆咎海口，而以浚海为上策。窃谓海无可浚之理，惟当导河以归之海，则以水治水，即浚海之策也。然河又非可以人力导也，欲顺其性，先惧其溢。惟缮治堤防，俾无旁决，则水由地中，沙随水去，即导河之策也。 |
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