明安图（；ᠮᡳᠩᡤᠠᠨᡨᡠ|v=minggantu；1692年 - 1763年），字静庵，亦那木都鲁氏，蒙古正白旗常舒保佐领（今内蒙古锡林郭勒盟正白旗）人。清朝天文学家、数学家。

青年时期被选入钦天监为官学生，学习天文、历法和数学, 又从法国人杜德美学习艾萨克·牛顿的三个无穷级数展开式。康熙五十一年（1712年），随康熙皇帝往承德避暑山庄，回答科学问题。又参加了《律在渊源》的编撰工作，两次赴新疆测绘地图。康熙六十年，任钦天监五官正。乾隆二年（1737年）参加编修《历象考成后编》。乾隆十六年（1751年）辛未翻译科进士。乾隆二十四年（1759年），升任钦天监监正。卒于乾隆二十八（1763年）年。有一本数学名著《割圜密率捷法》四卷，是研究三角函数的重要书籍。明安图在书中最早发现卡塔兰数。

2002年5月26日，在明安图的家乡明安图镇举办「明安图的科学贡献」研讨会，有五百多位学者和二万当地居民参加，会上宣布将第28242号小行星命名为明安图 。

明安图季子明新，字景臻。

Minggatu (Mongolian script: ; 明安图 Ming'antu, c.1692-c. 1763), full name Sharavyn Myangat (Шаравын Мянгат) was a Mongolian astronomer, mathematician, and topographic scientist at the Qing court. His courtesy name was Jing An (静安).

Minggatu was born in Plain White Banner (now Plain and Bordered White Banner, Xilin Gol League, Inner Mongolia) of the Qing Empire. He was of the Sharaid clan. His name first appeared in official Chinese records in 1713, among the Kangxi Emperor's retinue, as a shengyuan (state-subsidized student) of the Imperial Astronomical Bureau. He worked there at a time when Jesuit missionaries were in charge of calendar reforms. He also participated in the work of compiling and editing three very important books in astronomy and joined the team of China's area measurement.

From 1724 up to 1759, he worked at the Imperial Observatory. He participated in drafting and editing the calendar and the study of the armillary sphere.

His seminal work The Quick Method for Obtaining the Precise Ratio of Division of a Circle (割圜密率捷法 Gēyuán Mìlǜ Jiéfǎ), which was completed after his death by his son Mingshin, and students (among them his most gifted pupil Chen Jihin and an intendant in the minister of finance, Zhang), was a significant contribution to the development of mathematics in China.

He was the first person in China who calculated infinite series and obtained more than 10 formulae. In the 1730s, he first established and used what was later to be known as Catalan numbers. The Jesuit missionaries' influence can be seen by many traces of European mathematics in his works, including the use of Euclidean notions of continuous proportions, series addition, subtraction, multiplication and division, series reversion, and the binomial theorem. Minggatu's work is remarkable in that expansions in series, trigonometric and logarithmic were apprehended algebraically and inductively without the aid of differential and integral calculus.

In 1742 he participated in the revision of the Compendium of Observational and Computational Astronomy. In 1756, he participated in the surveying of the Dzungar Khanate (renamed Xinjiang), which was incorporated into the Qing Empire by the Qianlong Emperor. It was due to his geographical surveys in Xinjiang that the Complete Atlas of the Empire (the first atlas of China drawn with scientific methods) was finished.

From 1760-1763, shortly before his death, he was administrator of the Imperial Astronomical Bureau.

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