| | 竇何列傳: |
竇武字游平，扶風平陵人，安豐戴侯融之玄孫也。父奉，定襄太守。武少以經行著稱，常教授於大澤中，不交時事，名顯關西。 |
| | Dou Wu, courtesy name Youping, was a native of Pinglei, Fufeng; he was the great-grandson of Hou Rong, Marquis Daiof Anfeng. His father, Dou Feng, served as Tai Shou (governor) of Dingxiang. Dou Wu was noted in his youth for his knowledge of the classics and moral conduct. He often taught in the Da Ze region, avoiding involvement in current affairs; thus, he became famous in Guanxi.
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| | 竇何列傳: |
延熹八年，長女選入掖庭，桓帝以為貴人，拜武郎中。其冬，貴人立為皇后，武遷越騎校尉，封槐里侯，五千戶。明年冬，拜城門校尉。在位多辟名士，清身疾惡，禮賂不通，妻子衣食裁充足而已。是時羌蠻寇難，歲儉民飢，武得兩宮賞賜，悉散與太學諸生，及載肴糧於路，饨施貧民。兄子紹，為虎賁中郎將，性疏簡奢侈。武每數切厲相戒，猶不覺悟，乃上書求退紹位，又自責不能訓導，當先受罪。由是紹更遵節，大小莫敢違犯。 |
| | In the eighth year of Yanning (165 AD), his eldest daughter was selected into the imperial harem and granted the title of guiren by Emperor Huan. Dou Wu was then appointed as Langzhong. That winter, the guiren was elevated to empress. Dou Wu was promoted to Jiao Wei of Yueqi Cavalry and enfeoffed as Hou (Marquis) of Huili, with a fief of 5,000 households. The following winter, he was appointed Jiao Wei of the City Gate. While in office, he often recruited distinguished scholars; he maintained personal integrity and detested evil, refusing bribes. His wife and children were provided only with sufficient clothing and food. At that time, the Qiang and Miao tribes were causing disturbances; harvests were poor and people suffered from famine. Dou Wu received rewards and gifts from both palaces but distributed them all to students at the Taixue (imperial academy), as well as providing food supplies along roads for distribution to the poor. His nephew, Dou Shao, served as Zhonglangjiang of Huhen; he was naturally careless and extravagant in his lifestyle. Dou Wu often severely admonished him, but Dou Shao still failed to reform. Thus, Dou Wu submitted a memorial requesting that his nephew be removed from office and also blamed himself for failing in instruction, stating he should first bear the punishment. Because of this, Dou Shao became more respectful and restrained; no one dared to defy or violate his authority, whether in major or minor matters.
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| | 竇何列傳: |
時國政多失，內官專寵，李膺、杜密等為黨事考逮。永康元年，上疏諫曰：「臣聞明主不諱譏刺之言，以探幽暗之實；忠臣不卹諫爭之患，以暢萬端之事。是以君臣並熙，名奮百世。臣幸得遭盛明之世，逢文武之化，豈敢懷祿逃罪，不竭其誠！陛下初從藩國，爰登聖祚，天下逸豫，謂當中興。自即位以來，未聞善政。梁、孫、寇、鄧雖或誅滅，而常侍黃門續為禍虐，欺罔陛下，競行譎詐，自造制度，妄爵非人，朝政日衰，姦臣日彊。伏尋西京放恣王氏，佞臣執政，終喪天下。今不慮前事之失，復循覆車之軌，臣恐二世之難，必將復及，趙高之變，不朝則夕。近者姦臣牢脩，造設黨議，遂收前司隸校尉李膺、太僕杜密、御史中丞陳翔、太尉掾范滂等逮考，連及數百人，曠年拘錄，事無效驗。臣惟膺等建忠抗節，志經王室，此誠陛下稷、党、伊、呂之佐，而虛為姦臣賊子之所誣枉，天下寒心，海內失望。惟陛下留神澄省，時見理出，以厭人鬼喁喁之心。臣聞古之明君，必須賢佐，以成政道。今臺閣近臣，尚書令陳蕃，僕射胡廣，尚書朱宇、荀緄、劉祐、魏朗、劉矩、尹勳等，皆國之貞士，朝之良佐。尚書郎張陵、媯皓、苑康、楊喬、邊韶、戴恢等，文質彬彬，明達國典。內外之職，群才並列。而陛下委任近習，專樹饕餮，外典州郡，內幹心膂。宜以次貶黜，案罪糾罰，抑奪宦官欺國之封，案其無狀誣罔之罪，信任忠良，平決臧否，使邪正毀譽，各得其所，寶愛天官，唯善是授。如此，咎徵可消，天應可待。閒者有嘉禾、芝草、黃龍之見。夫瑞生必於嘉士，福至實由善人，在德為瑞，無德為災。陛下所行，不合天意，不宜稱慶。」書奏，因以病上還城門校尉、槐里侯印綬。帝不許，有詔原李膺、杜密等，自黃門北寺、若盧、都內諸獄，繫囚罪輕者皆出之。 |
| | At that time, many government policies were flawed and eunuchs monopolized imperial favor; Li Ying, Du Mi, and others were investigated and arrested due to the Party Affair. In the first year of Yongkang (168 AD), he submitted a memorial advising, "Ministers have heard that an enlightened ruler does not avoid censure and criticism in order to uncover hidden truths; loyal ministers do not fear the dangers of remonstrating, so as to clarify all matters. Therefore, ruler and minister flourish together, their names resounding for a hundred generations. I am fortunate to live in this enlightened age and encounter the civilization and martial virtue of Your Majesty. How could I dare to cherish my official rank, evade punishment, or withhold my sincerity! Your Majesty initially ascended the throne from a vassal state and thus inherited the sacred mandate. The people of the realm enjoy peace, believing this to be an era of revival. Since ascending the throne, no good governance has been heard of. Although the families of Liang, Sun, Kou, and Deng have been either punished or destroyed, the chángshì (attendants) and huángmén (yellow gate officials) continue to cause harm. They deceive Your Majesty, compete in deceitful practices, create their own regulations arbitrarily, bestow titles on unworthy individuals, and thus daily weaken court governance while corrupt ministers grow increasingly powerful. I recall in the Western Capital how the Wang clan acted with unrestrained arrogance; sycophantic ministers held power, and ultimately lost the empire. Now, without considering past mistakes and repeating the path of a overturned carriage, I fear that calamities like those in the Second Emperor's reign will surely come again; the upheaval caused by Zhao Gao may arrive either this morning or tonight. Recently, the corrupt minister Lao Xiu fabricated a factional controversy and thus arrested former Jisi Jiao Wei Li Ying, Taifu Du Mi, Zhongcheng of the Yushi Bureau Chen Xiang, assistant to the Taiwei Fan Pang, and others for investigation. This implicated hundreds more; they were detained for years without any conclusive evidence or results. Ministers believe that Li Ying and others demonstrated loyalty, upheld integrity, and devoted themselves to the royal house. These men are indeed assistants of Your Majesty comparable to Ji, Tang, Yi, and Lü; yet they have been falsely accused by corrupt ministers and villains. This has caused sorrow throughout the realm and disappointment among all under heaven. I beg Your Majesty to pay attention, clarify matters carefully, and at the appropriate time release them from punishment; this will satisfy the anxious hopes of both living people and ancestral spirits. Ministers have heard that ancient wise rulers must rely on virtuous assistants to achieve good governance. Now, among the high-ranking officials and close ministers, such as Shangshu Ling Chen Fan, Puye Hu Guang, Shangshu Zhu Yu, Xun Yan, Liu You, Wei Lang, Liu Ju, and Yin Xun, are all upright men of the state and capable assistants to the court. Shangshu Lang Zhang Ling, Gui Hao, Yuan Kang, Yang Qiao, Bian Shao, Dai Hui, and others are all courteous in manner and well-versed in the state's institutions. Both internal and external offices are filled with a multitude of talented individuals. Yet, Your Majesty entrusts power to those close at hand and favorites, who exclusively promote greedy and gluttonous men. These individuals hold authority over the provinces externally and manipulate affairs of state internally. Your Majesty should successively demote and punish them, investigate their crimes and impose penalties. The false titles granted by corrupt eunuchs who have deceived the state must be revoked; their baseless accusations and deceptions must be investigated and punished. Trust in loyal and virtuous men, fairly judge merit and demerit, so that villains and upright men, as well as censure and praise, each receive what is due to them. Treasure and honor official positions, granting them only to those who are truly virtuous. If this is done, ominous signs may be dispelled, and favorable responses from Heaven can be expected. Recently there have been sightings of auspicious rice, lingzhi fungus, and yellow dragons. Omen creatures appear only in the presence of virtuous men; blessings arrive indeed because of good people. With virtue, they are auspicious signs; without it, they become disasters. Your Majesty's actions do not align with Heaven's will and thus should not be celebrated." After submitting the memorial, he resigned from his position as Jiao Wei of the City Gates and returned the seals and insignia of the Hou (Marquis) title of Huili on grounds of illness. The emperor did not approve, but issued an edict pardoning Li Ying, Du Mi and others. All prisoners with minor offenses in the northern prison of Huangmen, Ruolu, Dunei, and other prisons were released.
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| | 竇何列傳: |
其冬帝崩，無嗣。武召侍御史河閒劉儵，參問其國中王子侯之賢者，儵稱解瀆亭侯宏。武入白太后，遂徵立之，是為靈帝。拜武為大將軍，常居禁中。帝既立，論定策功，更封武為聞喜侯；子機渭陽侯，拜侍中；兄子紹鄠侯，遷步兵校尉；紹弟靖西鄉侯，為侍中，監羽林左騎。 |
| | That winter, the emperor died without an heir. Dou Wu summoned Shi Yushi Liu Shu of Hejian to inquire about the virtuous princes and marquises in his native region. Liu Shu recommended Jiedu Tinghou Hong as a suitable candidate. Dou Wu entered to report this to the Empress Dowager, and they then summoned and enthroned him; he became Emperor Ling. Dou Wu was appointed as Da Jiangjun (Grand General) and remained constantly within the palace grounds. After Emperor Ling ascended the throne, rewards were given for those who had contributed to his enthronement; Dou Wu was enfeoffed anew as Hou (Marquis) Wuxi. His son, Dou Ji, was granted the title of Weiyang Hou and appointed as Shizhong. His nephew, Dou Shao (already mentioned), was enfeoffed as Hu Hou and promoted to Jiao Wei of the Foot Soldiers. Dou Shao's younger brother, Dou Jing, was enfeoffed as Xiang Hou and served as Shizhong, overseeing the Left Cavalry of Yulin.
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| | 竇何列傳: |
武既輔朝政，常有誅翦宦官之意，太傅陳蕃亦素有謀。時共會朝堂，蕃私謂武曰：「中常侍曹節、王甫等，自先帝時操弄國權，濁亂海內，百姓匈匈，歸咎於此。今不誅節等，後必難圖。」武深然之。蕃大喜，以手推席而起。武於是引同志尹勳為尚書令，劉瑜為侍中，馮述為屯騎校尉；又徵天下名士廢黜者前司隸李膺、宗正劉猛、太僕杜密、廬江太守朱宇等，列於朝廷；請前越巂太守荀翌為從事中郎，辟潁川陳寔為屬：共定計策。於是天下雄俊，知其風旨，莫不延頸企踵，思奮其智力。 |
| | After Dou Wu began assisting in court affairs, he often harbored intentions to eliminate the eunuchs; Tai Fu Chen Fan also had long-standing plans for this. At that time, they met together in the court hall. Privately, Chen Fan told Dou Wu: "The Zhongchangshi Cao Jie and Wang Fu have manipulated state power since the reign of the late emperor, corrupting the realm and causing unrest among the people, who now blame them." "If we do not eliminate Cao Jie et al. now, it will surely be difficult to deal with them later." Dou Wu deeply agreed with this. Chen Fan was greatly pleased and pushed the mat aside, rising to his feet. Dou Wu then appointed like-minded individuals: Yin Xun as Shangshu Ling, Liu Yu as Shizhong, and Feng Shu as Jiao Wei of Tunqi Cavalry; he also summoned renowned scholars who had been dismissed from office, such as former Jisi Li Ying, Zongzheng Liu Meng, Taifu Du Mi, and Tai Shou of Lujiang Zhu Yu, placing them in court positions; he requested that former Tai Shou of Yuegui Xun Yi be appointed as Congshi Zhonglang, and recruited Chen Shi of Yingchuan as a subordinate: together they planned strategies. Thus, the outstanding men throughout the land understood their intentions and aspirations; none failed to stretch their necks and lift their heels in eager anticipation, longing to contribute their wisdom and strength.
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| | 竇何列傳: |
會五月日食，蕃復說武曰：「昔蕭望之困一石顯，近者李、杜諸公禍及妻子，況今石顯數十輩乎！蕃以八十之年，欲為將軍除害，今可且因日食，斥罷宦官，以塞天變。又趙夫人及女尚書，旦夕亂太后，急宜退絕。惟將軍慮焉。」武乃白太后曰：「故事，黃門、常侍但當給事省內，典門戶，主近署財物耳。今乃使與政事而任權重，子弟布列，專為貪暴。天下匈匈，正以此故。宜悉誅廢，以清朝廷。」太后曰：「漢來故事世有，但當誅其有罪，豈可盡廢邪？」時中常侍管霸頗有才略，專制省內。武先白誅霸及中常侍蘇康等，竟死。武復數白誅曹節等，太后冘豫未忍，故事久不發。 |
| | At this time, a solar eclipse occurred in the fifth month. Chen Fan again advised Dou Wu: "In ancient times, Xiao Wangzhi was troubled by one Shi Xian; recently, officials such as Li Ying and Du Mi suffered misfortunes that even affected their wives and children. How much more so now with dozens of such Shi Xians!" Chen Fan, at the age of eighty, wished to eliminate these corrupt eunuchs for General Dou Wu. Now is an opportunity to take advantage of the solar eclipse and dismiss the eunuch officials in order to appease Heaven's wrath. Moreover, Lady Zhao and the female Shangshu are causing disturbances before Empress Dowager day and night; they should be urgently removed. This is something only you, General, must consider." Dou Wu then reported to the Empress Dowager: "According to precedent, Huangmen and Changshi officials are only responsible for duties within the palace, managing gates and doors, and overseeing nearby financial matters. Now they have been allowed to participate in political affairs and hold great power; their sons and relatives are widely placed, specializing in greed and violence. The unrest throughout the land is precisely due to this reason. They should all be executed or dismissed in order to purify the court." The Empress Dowager said, "Throughout Han history, there have always been precedents. We should only punish those who are guilty; how can we possibly dismiss them all?" At that time, Zhongchangshi Guan Ba was quite capable and strategic, exercising sole control within the palace. Dou Wu first reported to have Guan Ba, Zhongchangshi Su Kang, and others executed; they were indeed put to death. Dou Wu repeatedly petitioned for the execution of Cao Jie et al., but Empress Dowager hesitated and was unwilling, so no action was taken for a long time.
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至八月，太白出西方。劉瑜素善天官，惡之，上書皇太后曰：「 |
| | By August, the planet Venus appeared in the west. Liu Yu had long been skilled in astronomy and divination; he regarded this as ominous and submitted a memorial to the Empress Dowager saying: "
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太白犯房左驂，上將星入太微，其占宮門當閉，將相不利，姦人在主傍。願急防之。」又與武、蕃書，以星辰錯繆，不利大臣，宜速斷大計。武、蕃得書將發，於是以朱宇為司隸校尉，劉祐為河南尹，虞祁為洛陽令。武乃奏免黃門令魏彪，以所親小黃門山冰代之。使冰奏素狡猾尤無狀者長樂尚書鄭骆，送北寺獄。蕃謂武曰：「此曹子便當收殺，何復考為！」武不從，令冰與尹勳、侍御史祝档雜考骆，辭連及曹節、王甫。勳、冰即奏收節等，使劉瑜內奏。 |
| | "The planet Venus has invaded the Left 骖 of the Fang constellation, and the star of a supreme general has entered Taiwei. According to divination, this portends that palace gates should be closed, generals and ministers will suffer misfortune, and villains are close to the ruler." I beg you to take urgent precautions." He also wrote to Dou Wu and Chen Fan, stating that the stars were in disorder, which was unfavorable for high ministers; they should quickly decide on a major plan. Dou Wu and Chen Fan received the letter and were about to act; accordingly, they appointed Zhu Yu as Jisi Jiao Wei, Liu You as Yinyuan of Henan, and Yu Qi as Ling (magistrate) of Luoyang. Dou Wu then submitted a memorial to dismiss Huangmen Ling Wei Biao and appointed his trusted subordinate, Xiao Huangmen Shan Bing, as his replacement. He instructed Shan Bing to report Zheng Luo, a particularly deceitful and lawless official serving as Shangshu of Changle, and have him sent to the northern prison. Chen Fan said to Dou Wu: "These villains should be immediately arrested and executed; why examine them further!" Dou Wu did not follow this advice, but ordered Shan Bing together with Yin Xun and Shi Yushi Zhu Dang to jointly investigate Zheng Luo; the testimony implicated Cao Jie and Wang Fu. Yin Xun and Shan Bing immediately submitted a memorial requesting the arrest of Cao Jie et al, and had Liu Yu submit it internally to the palace.
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時武出宿歸府，典中書者先以告長樂五官史朱瑀。瑀盜發武奏，罵曰：「中官放縱者，自可誅耳。我曹何罪，而當盡見族滅？」因大呼曰：「陳蕃、竇武奏白太后廢帝，為大逆！」乃夜召素所親壯健者長樂從官史共普、張亮等十七人，喢血共盟誅武等。曹節聞之，驚起，白帝曰：「外閒切切，請出御德陽前殿。」令帝拔劍踊躍，使乳母趙嬈等擁衛左右，取棨信，閉諸禁門。召尚書官屬，脅以白刃，使作詔板。拜王甫為黃門令，持節至北寺獄收尹勳、山冰。冰疑，不受詔，甫格殺之。遂害勳，出鄭骆。還共劫太后，奪璽書。令中謁者守南宮，閉門，絕複道。使鄭骆等持節，及侍御史、謁者捕收武等。武不受詔，馳入步兵營，與紹共射殺使者。召會北軍五校士數千人屯都亭下，令軍士曰：「黃門常侍反，盡力者封侯重賞。」詔以少府周靖行車騎將軍，加節，與護匈奴中郎將張奐率五營士討武。夜漏盡，王甫將虎賁、羽林、廄騶、都候、劍戟士，合千餘人，出屯朱雀掖門，與奐等合。明旦悉軍闕下，與武對陳。甫兵漸盛，使其士大呼武軍曰：「竇武反，汝皆禁兵，當宿衛宮省，何故隨反者乎？先降有賞！」營府素畏服中官，於是武軍稍稍歸甫。自旦至食時，兵降略盡。武、紹走，諸軍追圍之，皆自殺，梟首洛陽都亭。收捕宗親、賓客、姻屬，悉誅之，及劉瑜、馮述，皆夷其族。徙武家屬日南，遷太后於雲臺。 |
| | At that time, Dou Wu was staying overnight at his residence; those in charge of Zhongshu informed first the Wuguan Shi Zhu Yu of Changle. Zhu Yu stole and opened Dou Wu's memorial, cursing: "Eunuchs who act recklessly may be executed themselves. What crime have we committed that we should all be exterminated?" He then shouted loudly: "Chen Fan and Dou Wu have petitioned the Empress Dowager to depose the emperor; this is a great act of treason!" He then summoned at night seventeen strong and loyal men from the Changle attendants, such as Shi Gongpu and Zhang Liang, whom he had long trusted; they mixed blood together in an oath to kill Dou Wu et al. Cao Jie, upon hearing this, was startled and awoke the emperor, reporting: "There are murmurs outside. I request that Your Majesty personally appear at the front hall of Yudeyang." He ordered the emperor to draw his sword and jump about, while having wet nurse Zhao Rao et al. guard him on both sides; he retrieved the imperial seal and closed all palace gates. He summoned Shangshu officials, threatening them with swords, forcing them to draft an edict. Wang Fu was appointed as Huangmen Ling; he held the imperial scepter and went to the northern prison to arrest Yin Xun and Shan Bing. Shan Bing doubted its authenticity and refused to accept the edict; Wang Fu killed him by force. They then executed Yin Xun and released Zheng Luo from prison. They returned together to seize the Empress Dowager by force, taking her imperial seal and documents. They ordered Zhongyeshi (imperial attendants) to guard Nan Gong, close the gates, and block off the connecting corridors. They sent Zheng Luo et al., holding the imperial scepter, together with Shi Yushi and Yeshi officials to arrest Dou Wu et al. Dou Wu refused the edict, galloped into the Foot Soldier Camp and, together with his nephew Dou Shao, shot and killed the envoys. He summoned thousands of soldiers from the five divisions of the Northern Army to gather at Duting, and addressed them: "The Huangmen Changshi have rebelled. Those who fight with all their strength will be enfeoffed as hou (marquises) and receive generous rewards." An edict was issued appointing Shao Fu Zhou Jing as acting Jiangjun of Chariot and Cavalry, granting him the imperial scepter; he led with Zhonglangjiang Hu Xiongnu Zhang Huan to command troops from the five camps in an expedition against Dou Wu. At the end of the night, Wang Fu led over a thousand men from Huhen, Yulin, Jiu Zou, Duhou, and Jianji divisions to camp at Zhuque Yemei Gate, joining forces with Zhang Huan et al. The next morning, all the troops assembled below the palace gates and faced Dou Wu's forces in formation. As Wang Fu's forces grew stronger, he had his soldiers shout to Dou Wu's troops: "Dou Wu has rebelled. You are all palace guards; you should be guarding the imperial palace and halls. Why have you followed a traitor?" Those who surrender first will receive rewards!" The troops of the camp and office had long feared and obeyed the eunuchs, so Dou Wu's soldiers gradually defected to Wang Fu. From dawn until mealtime, most of the troops surrendered or fled. Dou Wu and Dou Shao fled, but were pursued and surrounded by the armies; they both committed suicide. Their heads were displayed at Duting in Luoyang. Their relatives, guests, and in-laws were all arrested and executed; Liu Yu and Feng Shu also suffered the same fate, with their entire clans exterminated. The family members of Dou Wu were exiled to Rinan, and the Empress Dowager was moved to Yuntai.
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當是時，凶豎得志，士大夫皆喪其氣矣。武府掾桂陽胡騰，少師事武，獨殯斂行喪，坐以禁錮。 |
| | At that time, the wicked eunuchs achieved their ambitions, and the scholar-officials all lost heart. Hu Teng of Guiyang, a clerk in Dou Wu's office, had been young and served as a teacher to Dou Wu; he alone gave him a proper burial and observed mourning rites, and was consequently punished with lifelong prohibition from official service.
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武孫輔，時年二歲，逃竄得全。事覺，節等捕之急。胡騰及令史南陽張敞共逃輔於零陵界，詐云已死，騰以為己子，而使聘娶焉。後舉桂陽孝廉。至建安中，荊州牧劉表聞而辟焉，以為從事，使還竇姓，以事列上。會表卒，曹操定荊州，輔與宗人徙居於鄴，辟丞相府。從征馬超，為流矢所中死。 |
| | Dou Wu's grandson, Dou Fu, who was only two years old at the time, escaped into hiding and survived. When this matter came to light, Jie et al. urgently pursued him. Hu Teng and the clerk Zhang Chang of Nanyang fled with Dou Fu to the border area of Lingling, falsely claiming that he had died. Teng took him as his own son and arranged for a marriage match for him. Later, he was recommended as an Xiu Lian from Guiyang. By the middle of the Jian'an period, Liu Biao, Inspector of Jingzhou, heard about him and invited him to serve as an official. He was appointed as a Shiyongshi (attendant officer), ordered him to resume the Dou surname, and submitted his case for imperial approval. At that time Liu Biao died, Cao Cao pacified Jingzhou, and Dou Fu moved with his clan to Ye, where he was invited to serve in the Chancellor's Office. He followed on a campaign against Ma Chao and died from being struck by an arrow.
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初，武母產武而并產一蛇，送之林中。後母卒，及葬未窆，有大蛇自榛草而出，徑至喪所，以頭擊柩，涕血皆流，俯仰蛣屈，若哀泣之容，有頃而去。時人知為竇氏之祥。 |
| | Initially, when Dou Wu's mother gave birth to him, she also gave birth to a snake at the same time and sent it into the forest. After his mother's death, when her funeral had not yet been completed and the coffin was still above ground, a large snake emerged from the thicket and went directly to the site of the mourning. It struck the coffin with its head, tears and blood flowing, bowing up and down in convulsions as if expressing grief, then after a while it left. At that time people knew this to be an omen for the Dou family.
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騰字子升。初，桓帝巡狩南陽，以騰為護駕從事。公卿貴戚車騎萬計，徵求費役，不可勝極。騰上言：「天子無外，乘輿所幸，即為京師。臣請以荊州刺史比司隸校尉，臣自同都官從事。」帝從之。自是肅然，莫敢妄有干欲，騰以此顯名。黨錮解，官至尚書。 |
| | Hu Teng, courtesy name Zisheng. Initially, when Emperor Huan toured Nanyang, he appointed Hu Teng as a guard attendant officer accompanying the imperial procession. The chariots and horses of the high officials, nobles, and relatives numbered in the tens of thousands; their demands for labor and expenses were beyond calculation. Hu Teng submitted a memorial stating: "The Son of Heaven has no outside; wherever the imperial carriage is stationed becomes the capital. "I request that the Inspector of Jingzhou be compared to a Silie Jiao Wei, and I myself will rank as an officer comparable to those in the capital." The emperor followed his suggestion. From then on, there was a marked improvement; no one dared to make unreasonable demands or requests, and Hu Teng thus became well known. After the banishment of the "Partisan Officials" was lifted, he attained the post of Shangshu (Minister).
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張敞者，太尉溫之弟也。 |
| | Zhang Chang was the younger brother of Grand Commandant Wen.
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何進字遂高，南陽宛人也。異母女弟選入掖庭為貴人，有寵於靈帝，拜進郎中，再遷虎賁中郎將，出為潁川太守。光和二年，貴人立為皇后，徵進入，拜侍中、將作大匠、河南尹。 |
| | He Jin, courtesy name Suigao, was a native of Wan, Nanyang. His half-sister was selected into the palace and became a guiren (honored lady), who gained favor with Emperor Ling. He Jin was appointed Langzhong, later promoted twice to Zhonglangjiang of Huhen, and then posted as Taishou of Yingchuan. In the second year of Guanghe, the guiren was enthroned as empress, and He Jin was summoned back to court, appointed as Shizhong, Jiangzuo Dajiang, and Yinyin of Henan.
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中平元年，黃巾賊張角等起，以進為大將軍，率左右羽林五營士屯都亭，修理器械，以鎮京師。張角別黨馬元義謀起洛陽，進發其姦，以功封慎侯。 |
| | In the first year of Zhongping, when the Huangjin rebels Zhang Jiao et al. rose up, He Jin was appointed Da Jiangjun (Grand General), and led troops from the Left and Right Yulin divisions of the five camps to station at Duting. They repaired weapons and equipment in order to defend the capital. A separate faction of Zhang Jiao's rebels, Ma Yuanyi, plotted to rise up in Luoyang; He Jin uncovered their treachery and was therefore enfeoffed as Hou (Marquis) of Shen for his meritorious service.
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四年，滎陽賊數千人群起，攻燒郡縣，殺中牟縣令，詔使進弟河南尹苗出擊之。苗攻破群賊，平定而還。詔遣使者迎於成皋，拜苗為車騎將軍，封濟陽侯。 |
| | In the fourth year, several thousand rebels in Yingyang rose up en masse, attacking and burning prefectures and counties, killing the county magistrate of Zhongmou. An imperial edict was issued ordering He Jin's younger brother, He Miao, Yinyin of Henan, to attack them. He Miao attacked and defeated the rebel forces, pacified the region, and returned. An imperial envoy was dispatched to Chenggao to greet him; He Miao was appointed Jiangjun of Chariots and Cavalry and enfeoffed as Marquis of Ji Yang.
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五年，天下滋亂，望氣者以為京師當有大兵，兩宮流血。大將軍司馬許涼、假司馬伍宕說進曰：「太公六韜有天子將兵事，可以威厭四方。」進以為然，入言之於帝。於是乃詔進大發四方兵，講武於平樂觀下。起大壇，上建十二重五采華蓋，高十丈，壇東北為小壇，復建九重華蓋，高九丈，列步兵，騎士數萬人，結營為陳。天子親出臨軍，駐大華蓋下，進駐小華蓋下。禮畢，帝躬擐甲介馬，稱「無上將軍」，行陳三匝而還。詔使進悉領兵屯於觀下。是時置西園八校尉，以小黃門蹇碩為上軍校尉，虎賁中郎將袁紹為中軍校尉，屯騎都尉鮑鴻為下軍校尉，議郎曹操為典軍校尉，趙融為助軍校尉，淳于瓊為佐軍校尉，又有左右校尉。帝以蹇碩壯健而有武略，特親任之，以為元帥，督司隸校尉以下，雖大將軍亦領屬焉。 |
| | In the fifth year, chaos spread throughout the land; those who observed omens in the sky claimed that a great military conflict would occur in the capital and blood would flow from both palaces. The Grand General's Sishi, Xu Liang, and Jiasi Ma Wu Dang advised He Jin: "The 'Six 韬' of Tai Gong contains accounts of the Son of Heaven personally leading troops; this can be used to establish authority over all directions." He Jin agreed and brought it up with the emperor. The emperor then issued an edict ordering He Jin to mobilize troops from all directions, and conduct military drills beneath Pinglueguan. A large altar was constructed, with a twelve-tiered, five-colored ornate canopy erected on top, ten zhang in height. To the northeast of the main altar stood a smaller altar, also topped by a nine-tiered ornate canopy, nine zhang high. Tens of thousands of infantry and cavalry were arranged in encampments for formation drills. The Son of Heaven personally went out to inspect the troops, stationing himself under the large ornate canopy while He Jin stationed himself beneath the smaller one. After the ceremony, the emperor personally donned armor and mounted a warhorse, declaring himself "Wushang Jiangjun" (Supreme General), then rode three circuits around the formation before returning. An imperial edict ordered He Jin to command all troops stationed beneath the pavilion. At that time, eight Jiao Wei (military commanders) were established in the Xiyuan. Xiao Huangmen Jian Shuo was appointed Shangjun Jiaowei; Zhonglangjiang of Huben Yuan Shao as Zhongjun Jiaowei; Dunji Duyi Bao Hong as Xiaojun Jiaowei; Yilang Cao Cao as Dijun Jiaowei, Zhao Rong as Zhu Jun Jiaowei (assistant military commander), Chunyu Qiong as Zuojun Jiaowei (deputy military commander); there were also Left and Right Jiaoweis. The emperor, considering Jian Shuo strong and capable in military strategy, especially trusted him, appointing him as the supreme commander to oversee all Silie Jiaoweis and below. Even the Grand General was under his command.
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碩雖擅兵於中，而猶畏忌於進，乃與諸常侍共說帝遣進西擊邊章、韓遂。帝從之，賜兵車百乘，虎賁斧鉞。進陰知其謀，乃上遣袁紹東擊徐兗二州兵，須紹還，即戎事，以稽行期。 |
| | Although Jian Shuo controlled troops within the palace, he still feared and resented He Jin. Therefore, he conspired with various Huangmen Changshi to persuade the emperor to send He Jin westward to attack Bian Zhang and Han Sui. The emperor agreed, granting him a hundred chariots, Huhen soldiers, axes, and halberds. He Jin secretly learned of this plot and therefore dispatched Yuan Shao eastward to attack the armies in Xu and Yun states, waiting for Yuan Shao's return before proceeding with military matters, thus delaying his departure.
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初，何皇后生皇子辯，王貴人生皇子協。群臣請立太子，帝以辯輕佻無威儀，不可為人主，然皇后有寵，且進又居重權，故久不決。 |
| | Initially, Empress He gave birth to the crown prince Bi Bian, while Lady Guiren Wang bore another imperial son, Xie. The ministers requested the designation of a crown prince, but the emperor considered Bi Bian frivolous and lacking in dignity, unfit to be ruler. However, since Empress He enjoyed favor and her brother He Jin held great power, he delayed making a decision for a long time.
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六年，帝疾篤，屬協於蹇碩。碩既受遺詔，且素輕忌於進兄弟，及帝崩，碩時在內，欲先誅進而立協。及進從外入，碩司馬潘隱與進早舊，迎而目之。進驚，馳從儳道歸營，引兵入屯百郡邸，因稱疾不入。碩謀不行，皇子辯乃即位，何太后臨朝，進與太傅袁隗輔政，錄尚書事。 |
| | In the sixth year, as the emperor's illness worsened, he entrusted Prince Xie to Jian Shuo. After receiving the imperial will, and already resenting He Jin's brothers for some time, upon the emperor's death, Jian Shuo, who was then inside the palace, planned to kill He Jin first and then install Prince Xie as emperor. When He Jin entered from outside, his old acquaintance Pan Yin, Sishi of Jian Shuo, greeted him and exchanged glances. He Jin was alarmed, galloped back to his camp through a side route, led troops into the encampment at Baijun Di, and claimed illness as an excuse not to enter the palace. Jian Shuo's plot failed, and Crown Prince Bi Bian ascended the throne. Empress Dowager He took power from the throne hall, while He Jin and Taifu Yuan Wei assisted in governance, overseeing Shangshu affairs.
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進素知中官天下所疾，兼忿蹇碩圖己，及秉朝政，陰規誅之。袁紹亦素有謀，因進親客張津勸之曰：「黃門常侍權重日久，又與長樂太后專通姦利，將軍宜更清選賢良，整齊天下，為國家除患。」進然其言。又以袁氏累世寵貴，海內所歸，而紹素善養士，能得豪傑用，其從弟虎賁中郎將術亦尚氣俠，故並厚待之。因復博徵智謀之士龐紀、何顒、荀攸等，與同腹心。 |
| | He Jin had long known that the eunuchs were widely despised by the people, and also resented Jian Shuo's plot against him. After assuming power in court affairs, he secretly planned to eliminate them. Yuan Shao also had long harbored such intentions. Through He Jin's close associate Zhang Jin, he advised: "The Huangmen Changshi and their associates have held excessive power for too long; they are also engaged in corrupt dealings with Empress Dowager Changle. General should now replace them with virtuous officials, rectify the affairs of the empire, and eliminate this threat to the state." He Jin agreed with his words. Moreover, because the Yuan family had long enjoyed imperial favor and prestige, and were widely respected throughout the land, while Yuan Shao was known for his ability to attract and retain talented men, and could effectively employ outstanding individuals, and his cousin Zhonglangjiang of Huben, Yuan Shu, was also a man of chivalrous spirit, He Jin treated them both with great favor. He therefore recruited men of wisdom and strategy such as Pang Ji, He Yu, Xun You, and others to serve alongside him in his inner circle.
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蹇碩疑不自安，與中常侍趙忠等書曰：「大將軍兄弟秉國專朝，今與天下黨人謀誅先帝左右，埽滅我曹。但以碩典禁兵，故且沈吟。今宜共閉上閤，急捕誅之。」中常侍郭勝，進同郡人也。太后及進之貴幸，勝有力焉。故勝親信何氏，遂共趙忠等議，不從碩計，而以其書示進。進乃使黃門令收碩，誅之，因領其屯兵。 |
| | Jian Shuo became suspicious and uneasy, writing to the Huangmen Changshi Zhao Zhong et al.: "The brothers of the Grand General hold state power exclusively; now they are plotting with partisans throughout the land to eliminate those who served the late emperor and destroy us." "But because I, Jian Shuo, command the palace guards, they are hesitating for now." "Now we should jointly close off the upper gate and swiftly arrest and execute them." Huangmen Changshi Guo Sheng was a native of He Jin's home prefecture. The Empress Dowager and He Jin's rise to power and favor were largely due to his efforts. Therefore, Guo Sheng favored the He family and thus conspired with Zhao Zhong et al., refusing to follow Jian Shuo's plan. Instead, he showed Jian Shuo's letter to He Jin. He Jin then ordered the Huangmen Ling (Head of Palace Attendants) to arrest Jian Shuo and execute him, thereby taking command of his troops.
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袁紹復說進曰：「前竇武欲誅內寵而反為所害者 |
| | Yuan Shao again advised He Jin: "Previously, Dou Wu wanted to eliminate the palace favorites but was instead killed by them.
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，以其言語漏泄，而五營百官服畏中人故也。今將軍既有元舅之重，而兄弟並領勁兵，部曲將吏皆英俊名士，樂盡力命，事在掌握，此天贊之時也。將軍宜一為天下除患，名垂後世。雖周之申伯，何足道哉！今大行在前殿，將軍宜受詔領禁兵，不宜輕出入宮省。」進甚然之，乃稱疾不入陪喪，又不送山陵。遂與紹定籌策，而以其計白太后。太后不聽，曰：「中官統領禁省，自古及今，漢家故事，不可廢也。且先帝新棄天下，我柰何楚楚與士人對共事乎？」進難違太后意，且欲誅其放縱者。紹以為中官親近至尊，出入號令，今不悉廢，後必為患。而太后母舞陽君及苗數受諸宦官賂遺，知進欲誅之。數白太后，為其障蔽。又言：「大將軍專殺左右，擅權以弱社稷。」太后疑以為然。中官在省闥者或數十年，封侯貴寵，膠固內外。進新當重任，素敬憚之，雖外收大名而內不能斷，故事久不決。 |
| | This happened because his plans were leaked and because officials of the five camps and all ranks had long been cowed by the eunuchs. Now, General holds the weight of being the emperor's maternal uncle, and your brothers command elite troops. Your subordinates and officers are all outstanding men who are eager to give their lives for you; success is within your grasp—this is a moment blessed by Heaven itself. General should now act decisively to eliminate this threat for the empire and secure his name in history. Even Shen Bo of the Zhou dynasty would be insignificant by comparison! "Now that the late emperor lies in state at the front hall, General should accept the imperial decree and command the palace troops; he must not lightly enter or exit the palace." He Jin found this advice very convincing, so he claimed illness and did not attend the mourning rites nor participate in escorting the emperor's remains to his tomb. Thus, He Jin made plans with Yuan Shao and submitted their strategy for approval by the Empress Dowager. The Empress Dowager refused, saying: "Eunuchs have traditionally commanded the palace guards; this has been a long-standing practice of the Han dynasty and cannot be abolished. Moreover, the late emperor has just abandoned his empire; how can I now suddenly associate closely with scholar-officials?" He Jin found it difficult to defy the Empress Dowager's will, but still wished to eliminate those eunuchs who had acted recklessly. Yuan Shao believed that the Huangmen Changshi were close to the Son of Heaven, controlling access and issuing orders. If they were not completely removed now, they would certainly cause trouble in the future. However, Empress Dowager He's mother, Wuyang Jun, and her younger brother He Miao had repeatedly accepted bribes from the eunuchs and learned of He Jin's plan to eliminate them. They frequently informed the Empress Dowager, shielding the eunuchs on their behalf. They also claimed: "The Grand General is arbitrarily executing those around him and seizing power to weaken the state." The Empress Dowager became doubtful and believed their words. Some of the Huangmen Changshi had served in the palace for decades, were enfeoffed as marquises and enjoyed great favor; they had tightly bound together the inner court and outer officials. He Jin, newly entrusted with great responsibilities, had long respected and feared them; although he publicly gained a reputation for authority, internally he could not make decisive moves. Therefore, the matter remained unresolved for some time.
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紹等又為畫策，多召四方猛將及諸豪傑，使並引兵向京城，以脅太后。進然之。主簿陳琳入諫曰：「易稱『即鹿無虞』，諺有『掩目捕雀』。夫微物尚不可欺以得志，況國之大事，其可以詐立乎？今將軍總皇威，握兵要，龍驤虎步，高下在心，此猶鼓洪爐燎毛髮耳。夫違經合道，天人所順，而反委釋利器，更徵外助。大兵聚會，彊者為雄，所謂倒持干戈，授人以柄，功必不成，秖為亂階。」進不聽。遂西召前將軍董卓屯關中上林苑，又使府掾太山王匡東發其郡強弩，并召東郡太守橋瑁屯城皋，使武猛都尉丁原燒孟津，火照城中，皆以誅宦官為言。太后猶不從。 |
| | Yuan Shao and others devised a plan to summon fierce generals from all directions as well as outstanding men, ordering them to lead troops toward the capital in order to intimidate the Empress Dowager. He Jin agreed with this strategy. The Zhubu Chen Lin entered to advise: "The Yi says, 'Hunting deer without a gamekeeper,' and there is the proverb, 'covering one's eyes while catching sparrows.' Even small creatures cannot be deceived to achieve success; how much less can such deception succeed in major state affairs? Now, General holds imperial authority and commands the key military forces; with his dragon-like bearing and tiger-like stride, he can decide matters at will. This is as effortless as using a great furnace to burn away strands of hair. To act in accordance with righteousness and the Way, which is supported by Heaven and humanity, yet to abandon one's own strength and instead seek outside help— —is to gather a large force, where the strong will dominate. This is what is called holding weapons upside down and handing them over to others; it ensures failure and only creates grounds for chaos." He Jin did not listen. He Jin then summoned the former Jiangjun Dong Zhuo to station troops at Guanzhong Shanglinyuan, and ordered his office clerk Wang Kuang of Taishan to raise strong crossbowmen from his native commandery. He also summoned Qiao Mao, Taishou of Dongjun, to station forces at Chenggao, and instructed Dunji Duyi Ding Yuan to burn Mengjin, the flames lighting up the city; all these actions were justified under the pretense of eliminating the eunuchs. The Empress Dowager still did not comply.
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苗謂進曰：「始共從南陽來，俱以貧賤，依省內以致貴富。國家之事，亦何容易！覆水不可收。宜深思之，且與省內和也。」進意更狐疑。紹懼進變計，乃脅之曰：「交搆已成，形埶已露，事留變生，將軍復欲何待，而不早決之乎？」進於是以紹為司隸校尉，假節，專命擊斷；從事中郎王允為河南尹。紹使洛陽方略武吏司察宦者，而促董卓等使馳驛上，欲進兵平樂觀。太后乃恐，悉罷中常侍小黃門，使還里舍，唯留進素所私人，以守省中。諸常侍小黃門皆詣進謝罪，唯所措置。進謂曰：「天下匈匈，正患諸君耳。今董卓垂至，諸君何不早各就國？」袁紹勸進便於此決之，至于再三。進不許。紹又為書告諸州郡，詐宣進意，使捕案中官親屬。 |
| | Miao said to Jin: "We originally came together from Nanyang, and we both rose from poverty and low status by relying on the palace officials to attain wealth and rank. "State affairs are not easy matters!" "Spilled water cannot be recovered." "You should think carefully and try to reconcile with the palace officials." He Jin's resolve became more uncertain. Yuan Shao, fearing that He Jin might change his plan, threatened him by saying: "The conspiracy has already been set in motion; the situation is already exposed. Delays will only breed complications. What are you waiting for, General? Why not make a decision soon?" He Jin therefore appointed Yuan Shao as Sili Jiao Wei (Inspector of the Capital), granted him a ceremonial staff, and authorized him to act independently in making decisions and taking decisive actions; he also appointed Chengshi Zhonglang Wang Yun as Yinyuan of Henan. Yuan Shao ordered Luoyang's military officials responsible for strategy and security to monitor the eunuchs, while urging Dong Zhuo and others to hasten their journey by imperial post, intending to advance troops toward Pingluanguan. The Empress Dowager then became frightened and dismissed all Zhongchangshi Xiaohuangmen, ordering them to return home; she only retained those eunuchs who had long been close to He Jin to guard the palace. All the Zhongchangshi and Xiaohuangmen officials came to He Jin to apologize, ready to accept whatever measures he decided upon. He Jin said to them: "The world is in turmoil precisely because of men like you. "Now Dong Zhuo is on his way, so why don't each of you return to your native commanderies without delay?" Yuan Shao repeatedly urged He Jin to take decisive action at this moment, doing so again and again. He Jin refused. Yuan Shao then wrote letters to various commanderies and states, falsely claiming they were He Jin's orders, instructing them to arrest the relatives of palace officials.
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進謀積日，頗泄，中官懼而思變。張讓子婦，太后之妹也。讓向子婦叩頭曰：「老臣得罪，當與新婦俱歸私門。惟受恩累世，今當遠離宮殿，情懷戀戀，願復一入直，得暫奉望太后、陛下顏色，然後退就溝壑，死不恨矣。」子婦言於舞陽君，入白太后，乃詔諸常侍皆復入直。 |
| | He Jin had been planning for several days, and his plans gradually became known; the eunuchs were frightened and began to consider a countermove. Zhang Rang's daughter-in-law was the Empress Dowager's sister. Zhang Rang knelt before his daughter-in-law and said: "An old minister has committed a crime; I should return with my new daughter to our private home. "We have received the imperial favor for generations. Now, as we must leave the palace far behind, my heart is filled with longing. I wish only to enter once more and briefly gaze upon the Empress Dowager and His Majesty's countenance before retreating into obscurity; if so, I shall die without regret." His daughter-in-law informed Wuyang Jun and relayed the message to the Empress Dowager, who then issued an edict allowing all Zhongchangshi officials to return to their posts.
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| | 竇何列傳: |
八月，進入長樂白太后，請盡誅諸常侍以下，選三署郎入守宦官廬。諸宦官相謂曰：「大將軍稱疾不臨喪，不送葬，今欻入省，此意何為？竇氏事竟復起邪？」又張讓等使人潛聽，具聞其語，乃率常侍段珪、畢嵐等數十人，持兵竊自側闥入，伏省中。及進出，因詐以太后詔召進。入坐省闥，讓等詰進曰：「天下憒憒，亦非獨我曹罪也。先帝嘗與太后不快，幾至成敗，我曹涕泣救解，各出家財千萬為禮，和悅上意，但欲託卿門戶耳。今乃欲滅我曹種族，不亦太甚乎？卿言省內穢濁，公卿以下忠清者為誰？」於是尚方監渠穆拔劍斬進於嘉德殿前。讓、珪等為詔，以故太尉樊陵為司隸校尉，少府許相為河南尹。尚書得詔板，疑之，曰：「請大將軍出共議。」中黃門以進頭擲與尚書，曰：「何進謀反，已伏誅矣。」 |
| | In the eighth month, He Jin entered Changle Palace and reported to the Empress Dowager that he requested the execution of all Zhongchangshi eunuchs and below, while selecting officials from Sanshu Lang to enter and guard the eunuch quarters. The eunuchs said to one another: "The Grand General claimed illness and did not attend the funeral or accompany the burial. Now he suddenly enters the palace—what could his intention be? "Has the Dou clan's affair truly risen again?" Zhang Rang and others also sent people to secretly listen, and they overheard the entire conversation. They then led several dozen Zhongchangshi such as Duan Gui and Bi Lan, armed with weapons, and secretly entered through a side gate, hiding within the palace complex. When He Jin left, they then falsely used an imperial edict from the Empress Dowager to summon him. After He Jin entered and sat at the palace gate, Zhang Rang and others confronted him, saying: "The chaos in the world is not solely our fault. The late emperor once had a disagreement with the Empress Dowager which nearly led to disaster. We wept and worked hard to mediate, each contributing millions of household assets as offerings to appease His Majesty's anger; our only desire was to entrust you and your family." "Now you intend to exterminate us and our entire lineage—this is not too excessive?" "You say the palace officials are corrupt—who among the high-ranking ministers and those below them can be considered loyal and upright?" At this, Qu Mu of Shangfang Jian drew his sword and beheaded He Jin in front of Jiade Palace. Zhang Rang, Duan Gui, and others issued a false imperial edict appointing the former Taivue Fan Ling as Sili Jiao Wei and Shaofu Xu Xiang as Yinyuan of Henan Prefecture. The Shangshu received the edict, but doubted it and said: "Please have the Grand General come out to discuss this together." A Xiaohuangmen official threw He Jin's head at the Shangshu and said: "He Jin conspired rebellion and has already been executed."
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| | 竇何列傳: |
進部曲將吳匡、張璋，素所親幸，在外聞進被害，欲將兵入宮，宮閤閉。袁術與匡共斫攻之，中黃門持兵守閤。會日暮，術因燒南宮九龍門及東西宮，欲以脅出讓等。讓等入白太后，言大將軍兵反，燒宮，攻尚書闥，因將太后、天子及陳留王，又劫省內官屬，從複道走北宮。尚書盧植執戈於閣道窗下，仰數段珪。段珪等懼，乃釋太后。太后投閣得免。 |
| | He Jin's subordinates Wu Kuang and Zhang Zhang, who had always been close to him and favored by him, were outside when they heard of He Jin's death. They wanted to lead their troops into the palace, but the gates were locked. Yuan Shu joined Wu Kuang in attacking and chopping at the gates; Xiaohuangmen guards held weapons to defend them. As dusk fell, Yuan Shu took advantage of the situation and set fire to Nan Gong Jiulongmen as well as the eastern and western palaces in an attempt to force Zhang Rang and others out. Zhang Rang and others entered to report to the Empress Dowager: "The Grand General's troops have rebelled, set fire to the palace, and attacked the Shangshu gate. Taking advantage of this chaos, we have brought the Empress Dowager, the Son of Heaven, and Prince Chenliu, along with other officials from within the palace, through a hidden passage to retreat into Beigong." Shangshu Lu Zhi stood holding his halberd beneath the corridor window of the gate, looking up and scolding Duan Gui. Duan Gui and others were frightened and thus released the Empress Dowager. The Empress Dowager threw herself from a corridor and narrowly escaped.
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| | 竇何列傳: |
袁紹與叔父隗矯詔召樊陵、許相，斬之。苗、紹乃引兵屯朱雀闕下，捕得趙忠等，斬之。吳匡等素怨苗不與進同心，而又疑其與宦官同謀，乃令軍中曰：「殺大將軍者即車騎也，士吏能為報讎乎？」進素有仁恩，士卒皆流涕曰：「願致死！」匡遂引兵與董卓弟奉車都尉旻攻殺苗，棄其屍於苑中。紹遂閉北宮門，勒兵捕宦者，無少長皆殺之。或有無須而誤死者，至自發露然後得免。者二千餘人。紹因進兵排宮，或上端門屋，以攻省內。 |
| | Yuan Shao, together with his uncle Yuan Wei, forged an imperial edict to summon Fan Ling and Xu Xiang, then beheaded them. Miao and Yuan Shao led their troops to station at Zhuque Que and captured Zhao Zhong, who was then executed. Wu Kuang and others had long resented Miao for not being loyal to He Jin, and now suspected that he had conspired with the eunuchs. They therefore issued an order in their ranks: "It was Cheqi who killed the Grand General—can you soldiers avenge this?" He Jin had always been known for his kindness and favor, so the soldiers wept and said: "We are willing to die for him!" Wu Kuang then led his troops, along with Fengche Duyi Min, Dong Zhuo's younger brother, to attack and kill Miao, throwing his corpse into the garden. Yuan Shao then closed the gates of Beigong, mobilized troops to hunt down eunuchs, and killed them all regardless of age. Some were beardless and mistakenly killed; only after shaving their heads and exposing themselves did they manage to escape. Over two thousand people in total. Yuan Shao then led his troops to advance into the palace, some climbing onto the rooftops of Duanmen Gate in order to attack within the palace complex.
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| | 竇何列傳: |
張讓、段珪等困迫，遂將帝與陳留王數十人步出穀門，奔小平津。公卿並出平樂觀，無得從者，唯尚書盧植夜馳河上，王允遣河南中部掾閔貢隨植後。貢至，手劍斬數人，餘皆投河而死。明日，公卿百官乃奉迎天子還宮，以貢為郎中，封都亭侯。 |
| | Zhang Rang, Duangui and others, cornered and desperate, led the Son of Heaven and Prince Chenliu along with dozens of others on foot through Gu Gate, fleeing toward Xiaopingjin. The high-ranking officials all gathered at Pingluanguan, but none dared to follow. Only Shangshu Lu Zhi rode swiftly by night to the riverbank, and Wang Yun sent Chenzhong Yuanchuan Min Gong to follow him. Min Gong arrived and personally beheaded several people; the rest threw themselves into the river and died. The next day, the high-ranking officials and ministers escorted the Son of Heaven back to the palace and appointed Min Gong as Langzhong, bestowing on him the title Duke of Duting.
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| | 竇何列傳: |
董卓遂廢帝，又迫殺太后，殺舞陽君，何氏遂亡，而漢室亦自此敗亂。 |
| | Dong Zhuo then deposed the emperor and forced the Empress Dowager into execution, killing Wuyang Jun as well. The He clan thus perished, and from this point on, the Han dynasty fell into decline and chaos.
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| | 竇何列傳: |
論曰：竇武、何進藉元舅之資，據輔政之權，內倚太后臨朝之威，外迎群英乘風之埶，卒而事敗閹豎，身死功穨，為世所悲，豈智不足而權有餘乎？傳曰：「天之廢商久矣，君將興之。」斯宋襄公所以敗於泓也。 |
| | Commentary: Dou Wu and He Jin relied on their status as the emperor's maternal uncles, holding power in assisting governance. Internally, they leaned upon the authority of the Empress Dowager who ruled from court; externally, they welcomed a host of outstanding men riding the momentum of the times. In the end, however, both failed to overcome the eunuchs and perished with their ambitions crushed, evoking sorrow for future generations. Was it that their wisdom was insufficient while their authority was excessive? The Records say: "Heaven has long been determined to destroy Shang, but you will revive it." This was why Duke Xiang of Song was defeated at Hong.
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贊曰：武生蛇祥，進自屠羊。惟女惟弟，來儀紫房。上惛下嬖，人靈動怨。將糾邪慝，以合人願。道之屈矣，代離凶困。 |
| | Eulogy: Wu gave birth to a snake omen, and Jin rose from butchering sheep. Only daughters and brothers came to grace the purple chamber. The sovereign was deluded, the ministers were corrupt; human spirits stirred with resentment. They would have corrected evil and fulfilled people's wishes. The Way was bent, and the dynasty suffered misfortune.
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