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溤異字公孫，潁川父城人也。好讀書，通左氏春秋、孫子兵法。 |
| | Yi Gongsun was a native of Fucheng, Yingchuan. He liked reading books and had thorough knowledge of the Zuo Zhuan Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals and Sunzi's Art of War.
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漢兵起，異以郡掾監五縣，與父城長苗萌共城守，為王莽拒漢。光武略地潁川，攻父城不下，屯兵巾車鄉。異閒出行屬縣，為漢兵所執。時異從兄孝及同郡丁綝、呂晏，並從光武，因共薦異，得召見。異曰：「異一夫之用，不足為彊弱。有老母在城中，願歸據五城，以效功報德。」光武曰「善」。異歸，謂苗萌曰：「今諸將皆壯士屈起，多暴橫，獨有劉將軍所到不虜掠。觀其言語舉止，非庸人也，可以歸身。」苗萌曰：「死生同命，敬從子計。」光武南還宛，更始諸將攻父城者前後十餘輩，異堅守不下；及光武為司隸校尉，道經父城，異等即開門奉牛酒迎。光武署異為主簿，苗萌為從事。異因薦邑子銚期、叔壽、段建、左隆等，光武皆以為掾史，從至洛陽。 |
| | When Han forces rose up, Yi, as a local official in charge of five counties, joined with the chief officer of Fucheng, Miao Meng, to defend the city and resist the Han on behalf of Wang Mang. Emperor Guangwu was campaigning in Yingchuan and failed to capture Fucheng, so he stationed his troops at Jinche Xiang. While Yi was making a routine trip to the subordinate counties, he was captured by Han forces. At that time, Yi's cousin from the same clan, Xiao, and his fellow native Ding Chen and Lü Yan were all following Emperor Guangwu; they jointly recommended Yi, who was thus summoned for an audience. Yi said: "I am but a common man's use, insufficient to determine strength or weakness. My elderly mother is in the city; I wish to return and hold five cities, so as to repay your kindness with service." Emperor Guangwu said, "Good." Yi returned and told Miao Meng: "Now, all the generals are men of strength who have risen suddenly, many of them violent and lawless. Only General Liu, wherever he goes, does not plunder or ravage. Observing his words and conduct, he is no ordinary man; we can surrender to him." Miao Meng said: "Life and death are shared fates; I will respectfully follow your plan." When Emperor Guangwu returned south to Wan, the generals of Gengshi who attacked Fucheng numbered more than ten in succession, but Yi held out resolutely and did not surrender; And when Emperor Guangwu became the Sili Jiao Wei, his route passed through Fucheng, and Yi and others immediately opened the gates to offer oxen and wine in welcome. Emperor Guangwu appointed Yi as Zhubu and Miao Meng as Congshi. Yi then recommended his fellow townspeople Zhao Qi, Shu Shou, Duan Jian, Zuo Long and others; Emperor Guangwu appointed them all as local officials and they followed him to Luoyang.
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更始數欲遣光武徇河北，諸將皆以為不可。是時左丞相曹竟子詡為尚書，父子用事，異勸光武厚結納之。及度河北，詡有力焉。 |
| | Gengshi had several times wanted to send Emperor Guangwu to tour the Hebei region, but all his generals considered it inadvisable. At that time, Cao Jing's son, the Left Chancellor, was serving as Shangshu, and father and son held power; Yi advised Emperor Guangwu to cultivate a close relationship with them. And when he crossed into Hebei, Xu played an important role in it.
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自伯升之敗，光武不敢顯其悲戚，每獨居，輒不御酒肉，枕席有涕泣處。異獨叩頭寬譬哀情。光武止之曰：「卿勿妄言。」異復因閒進說曰：「天下同苦王氏，思漢久矣。今更始諸將從橫暴虐，所至虜掠，百姓失望，無所依戴。今公專命方面，施行恩德。夫有桀紂之亂，乃見湯武之功；人久飢渴，易為充飽。宜急分遣官屬，徇行郡縣，理冤結，布惠澤。」光武納之。至邯鄲，遣異與銚期乘傳撫循屬縣，錄囚徒，存鰥寡，亡命自詣者除其罪，陰條二千石長吏同心及不附者上之。 |
| | Since the defeat of Bo Sheng, Emperor Guangwu dared not openly show his sorrow; whenever he was alone, he would refrain from drinking wine or eating meat, and there were traces of tears on his pillow and mat. Only Yi knelt down to offer words of comfort and reassurance for the emperor's grief. Emperor Guangwu stopped him, saying: "You must not speak in vain." Yi then took another opportunity to advise, saying: "The people throughout the land have long suffered under the Wang family and have been longing for the Han dynasty. Now, Gengshi's generals are lawless and cruel; wherever they go, they plunder and ravage the people. The common folk have lost hope and have no one to rely on or revere. Now that Your Highness has been entrusted with authority over a region, you can bestow kindness and virtue upon the people. When there is chaos like that of Jie and Zhou, it is precisely when the achievements of Tang and Wu become evident; After a long period of hunger and thirst, people are easily satisfied with food and drink. You should immediately dispatch officials to tour the commanderies and counties, resolve grievances, and spread benevolence." Emperor Guangwu accepted his advice. Upon arriving at Handan, he sent Yi and Zhao Qi on official carriages to pacify the subordinate counties, review prisoners, show concern for widowers and widows, pardon fugitives who surrendered themselves, and secretly compile a list of officials at the Erqianshi level who were loyal or disloyal, submitting it upwards.
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及王郎起，光武自薊東南馳，晨夜草舍，至饒陽無蔞亭。時天寒烈，眾皆飢疲，異上豆粥。明旦，光武謂諸將曰：「昨得公孫豆粥，飢寒俱解。」及至南宮，遇大風雨，光武引車入道傍空舍，異抱薪，鄧禹锔火，光武對灶燎衣。異復進麥飯菟肩，因復度虖沱河至信都，使異別收河閒兵。還，拜偏將軍。從破王郎，封應侯。 |
| | When Wang Lang rose up, Emperor Guangwu fled southeast from Ji at full speed, staying in temporary shelters day and night, until he reached Wulou Ting in Raoyang. At that time the weather was bitterly cold, and all his followers were hungry and exhausted; Yi presented them with red bean porridge. The next morning, Emperor Guangwu said to his generals: "Yesterday I received Gongsun's red bean porridge; both my hunger and cold were relieved." When they arrived at Nangong and encountered a heavy storm, Emperor Guangwu led his carriage into an empty building by the roadside. Yi gathered firewood while Deng Yu struck flint to make a fire, and Emperor Guangwu sat by the stove drying his clothes. Yi then presented wheat porridge and rabbit meat, after which they crossed the Huduo River once more to Xindu, where he sent Yi separately to recruit troops from Hejian. Upon his return, Yi was appointed as a Bias Jiangjun (a type of general). He followed Emperor Guangwu in defeating Wang Lang and was enfeoffed as the Marquis of Ying.
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異為人謙退不伐，行與諸將相逢，輒引車避道。進止皆有表識，軍中號為整齊。每所止舍，諸將並坐論功，異常獨屏樹下，軍中號曰「大樹將軍」。及破邯鄲，乃更部分諸將，各有配隸。軍士皆言願屬大樹將軍，光武以此多之。別擊破鐵脛於北平，又降匈奴于林闟頓王，因從平河北。 |
| | Yi was a modest man who did not boast about his achievements; whenever he encountered other generals on the road, he would always pull over to avoid them. His movements were always marked and orderly, and the army gave him the nickname of "Disciplined." Whenever they stopped for rest, the generals would sit together to discuss their merits, but Yi often sat alone in the shade of a tree; he was given the nickname "The Tree General" by his troops. After defeating Handan, they reorganized and assigned different generals to their respective commands. The soldiers all expressed a wish to serve under the Tree General; Emperor Guangwu thus held him in high regard for this reason. Yi separately defeated the Tiejing at Beiping, and also persuaded the Xiongnu ruler Yulin Kaidun Wang to surrender; he then followed Emperor Guangwu in pacifying Hebei.
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時更始遣舞陰王李軼、廩丘王田立、大司馬朱鮪 |
| | At that time, Gengshi sent Wuyin Wang Li Yi, Linqiu Wang Tian Li, and Daisima Zhu Yu
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、白虎公陳僑將兵號三十萬，與河南太守武勃共守洛陽。光武將北徇燕、趙，以魏郡、河內獨不逢兵，而城邑完，倉廩實，乃拜寇恂為河內太守，異為孟津將軍，統二郡軍河上，與恂合埶，以拒朱鮪等。 |
| | and Baihu Gong Chen Qiao to lead an army numbered as thirty thousand, together with the governor of Henan, Wu Bo, to jointly defend Luoyang. As Emperor Guangwu prepared to move north and tour Yan and Zhao, he noted that Weiqu and Hedong had not encountered warfare and their cities were intact with full granaries. He therefore appointed Kou Xun as the governor of Hedong and Yi as Mengjin Jiangjun (General of Mengjin), placing him in command of troops from both commanderies along the Yellow River to coordinate with Kou Xun, so they could resist Zhu Yu and others together.
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異乃遺李軼書曰：「愚聞明鏡所以照形，往事所以知今。昔微子去殷而入周，項伯畔楚而歸漢，周勃迎代王而黜少帝，霍光尊孝宣而廢昌邑。彼皆畏天知命，睹存亡之符，見廢興之事，故能成功於一時，垂業於萬世也。笱令長安尚可扶助，延期歲月，疏不閒親，遠不踰近，季文豈能居一隅哉？今長安壞亂，赤眉臨郊，王侯搆難，大臣乖離，綱紀已絕，四方分崩，異姓並起，是故蕭王跋涉霜雪，經營河北。方今英俊雲集，百姓風靡，雖邠岐慕周，不足以喻。季文誠能覺悟成敗，亟定大計，論功古人，轉禍為福，在此時矣。如猛將長驅，嚴兵圍城，雖有悔恨，亦無及已。」初，軼與光武首結謀約，加相親愛，及更始立，反共陷伯升。雖知長安已危，欲降又不自安。乃報異書曰：「軼本與蕭王首謀造漢，結死生之約，同榮枯之計。今軼守洛陽，將軍鎮孟津，俱據機軸，千載一會，思成斷金。唯深達蕭王，願進愚策，以佐國安人。」軼自通書之後，不復與異爭鋒，故異因此得北攻天井關，拔上黨兩城，又南下河南成皋已東十三縣，及諸屯聚，皆平之，降者十餘萬。武勃將萬餘人攻諸畔者，異引軍度河，與勃戰於士鄉下，大破斬勃，獲首五千餘級，軼又閉門不救。異見其信效，具以奏聞。光武故宣露軼書，令朱鮪知之。鮪怒，遂使人刺殺軼。由是城中乖離，多有降者。鮪乃遣討難將軍蘇茂將數萬人攻溫，鮪自將數萬人攻平陰以綴異。異遣校尉護軍將軍將兵，與寇恂合擊茂，破之。異因度河擊鮪，鮪走；異追至洛陽，環城一匝而歸。 |
| | Yi then sent a letter to Li Yi saying: "I have heard that a clear mirror is used to reflect one's form, and past events are used to understand the present. In the past, Weizi left Yin and entered Zhou; Xiang Bo defected from Chu to Han; Zhou Bo welcomed Dai Wang and deposed Shaodi; Huo Guang honored Emperor Xuan and deposed Changyi. They were all men who feared Heaven, understood fate, recognized the omens of survival and destruction, witnessed the rise and fall of dynasties; thus they could achieve success in their time and leave a legacy for ten thousand generations. If the situation in Chang'an is still worth supporting, prolonging its days for a while, then distant cannot surpass near and remote cannot overstep what is close; how could Ji Wen possibly remain confined to one corner? Now, Chang'an is in chaos; the Chimei are at its outskirts. Princes and marquises are causing trouble, ministers have become disloyal, the system has collapsed, the realm is breaking apart, and people of different surnames rise up together—thus General Xiao Wang (Emperor Guangwu) braves frost and snow to campaign in Hebei. At present, the talented and capable gather like clouds; the people follow as the wind moves—though Bin Qi revered Zhou, it would not be enough to compare. If Ji Wen can indeed realize the outcome of success and failure, quickly decide on a grand plan, measure his achievements against those of ancient men, and turn misfortune into fortune—this is precisely the time to do so. "If fierce generals march forward rapidly and surround the city with disciplined troops, even if there is regret, it will be too late." Initially, Li Yi had first formed a secret alliance with Emperor Guangwu and shared mutual affection; but after Gengshi was established as emperor, he instead conspired to trap Bo Sheng. Although Li Yi knew that Chang'an had already become dangerous, he wanted to surrender but could not feel at ease with himself. He thus replied to Yi's letter, saying: "I originally formed the first plan with Xiao Wang (Emperor Guangwu), vowing a life-and-death pact and sharing plans for shared glory or ruin. Now I am defending Luoyang, while you are stationed at Mengjin; we both hold strategic positions, a once-in-a-thousand-years opportunity. I long to achieve the unity of broken gold." "I only hope you will deeply understand Xiao Wang and wish to offer my humble strategy to assist in national stability and people's peace." After Li Yi sent the letter, he no longer engaged in conflict with Yi; thus Yi was able to attack northward and capture Tianjing Guan, seizing two cities in Shangdang. He then moved south into Henan Chenggao east of the Yellow River, pacifying thirteen counties and various garrisons, subduing more than 100,000 people who surrendered. Wu Bo led more than 10,000 men to attack the rebels; Yi crossed the river with his troops and fought Wu Bo at Shixiang Xia, where he decisively defeated and beheaded him, capturing over 5,000 enemy heads. Li Yi once again remained behind closed doors without offering aid. Yi observed his loyalty and effectiveness and submitted a detailed report to the emperor. Emperor Guangwu deliberately made Li Yi's letter public, so that Zhu Yu would learn of it. Zhu Yu was furious and thus sent men to assassinate Li Yi. Because of this, the people in the city became disunited, and many surrendered. Zhu Yu then dispatched Tanno Jiangjun Su Mao to lead several ten thousand men to attack Wen, while Zhu Yu himself led another several ten thousand troops to attack Pingyin in order to tie down Yi. Yi dispatched a Jiao Wei Hujun Jiangjun (an officer title) with troops, who joined forces with Kou Xun to attack Su Mao and defeated him. Yi then crossed the river to attack Zhu Yu, who fled; Yi pursued him as far as Luoyang and circled the city once before returning.
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移檄上狀，諸將皆入賀，并勸光武即帝位。光武乃召異詣鄗，問四方動靜。異曰：「三王反畔，更始敗亡，天下無主，宗廟之憂，在於大王。宜從眾議，上為社稷，下為百姓。」光武曰：「我昨夜夢乘赤龍上天，覺悟，心中動悸。」異因下席再拜賀曰：「此天命發於精神。心中動悸，大王重慎之性也。」異遂與諸將定議上尊號。 |
| | He submitted a report to Emperor Guangwu, and all the generals entered to congratulate him, jointly urging him to assume the imperial throne. Emperor Guanguser then summoned Yi to Hao and asked about developments in various regions. Yi said: "The Three Kings have rebelled, Gengshi has perished, and the realm now lacks a ruler. The concern for the ancestral temple lies with Your Highness. You should follow the consensus of your generals, acting above for the state and below for the people." Emperor Guangwu said: "Last night I dreamed of riding a red dragon into the sky. When I woke, my heart was stirred and agitated." Yi then left his seat to bow twice in congratulations, saying: "This is a sign of Heaven's mandate manifesting in your spirit. The stirring and agitation you feel in your heart reflect Your Highness' cautious nature." Yi then joined the generals to finalize plans for bestowing the imperial title.
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建武二年春，定封異陽夏侯。引擊陽翟賊嚴終、趙根，破之。詔異歸家上冢，使太中大夫齎牛酒，令二百里內太守、都尉已下及宗族會焉。 |
| | In spring of Jianwu Year 2, Yi was officially enfeoffed as Marquis Yangxia. He led troops to attack the bandits Yan Zhong and Zhao Gen in Yangzhi, defeating them. An imperial edict summoned Yi to return home for ancestral rites, and ordered Taizhong Dafu (an official title) to bring oxen and wine. It also commanded the governor, duiwei, and officials of lower ranks within two hundred li, as well as his relatives, to attend the ceremony.
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時赤眉、延岑暴亂三輔，郡縣大姓各擁兵眾，大司徒鄧禹不能定，乃遣異代禹討之。車駕送至河南，賜以乘輿七尺具劍。敕異曰：「三輔遭王莽、更始之亂，重以赤眉、延岑之酷，元元塗炭，無所依訴。今之征伐，非必略地屠城，要在平定安集之耳。諸將非不健鬥，然好虜掠。卿本能御吏士，念自修敕，無為郡縣所苦。」異頓首受命，引而西，所至皆布威信。弘農群盜稱將軍者十餘輩，皆率眾降異。 |
| | At that time, the Chimei and Yan Cen were causing chaos in the Three Fu regions; local gentry from various commanderies and counties each held private armies. The Grand Minister of Works Deng Yu was unable to pacify them, so he sent Yi to replace Deng Yu in suppressing the rebellion. The emperor himself saw him off at Henan and presented him with a seven chi long ceremonial sword for mounted use. The emperor gave Yi instructions, saying: "The Three Fu regions have suffered from the chaos of Wang Mang and Gengshi, further compounded by the cruelty of Chimei and Yan Cen. The common people are in dire straits with nowhere to turn for relief. Now, this campaign is not necessarily about seizing territory or sacking cities; the key lies in bringing peace and stability to the people. Although your generals are all capable fighters, they have a tendency to plunder. You possess the ability to manage officials and soldiers; remember to discipline yourself strictly and avoid causing suffering for the commanderies and counties." Yi kowtowed in acceptance of his orders, led his troops westward, and wherever he went, he spread authority and trust. There were more than ten groups of bandits in Hongnong who styled themselves as generals; all led their followers to surrender to Yi.
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異與赤眉遇於華陰，相拒六十餘日，戰數十合，降其將劉始、王宣等五千餘人。三年春，遣使者即拜異為征西大將軍。會鄧禹率車騎將軍鄧弘等引歸，與異相遇，禹、弘要異共攻赤眉。異曰：「異與賊相拒且數十日，雖屢獲雄將，餘眾尚多，可稍以恩信傾誘，難卒用兵破也。上今使諸將屯黽池要其東，而異擊其西，一舉取之，此萬成計也。」禹、弘不從。弘遂大戰移日，赤眉陽敗，棄輜重走。車皆載土，以豆覆其上，兵士飢，爭取之。赤眉引還擊弘，弘軍潰亂。異與禹合兵救之，赤眉小卻。異以士卒飢倦，可且休，禹不聽，復戰，大為所敗，死傷者三千餘人。禹得脫歸宜陽。異棄馬步走上回谿阪，與麾下數人歸營。復堅壁，收其散卒，招集諸營保數萬人，與賊約期會戰。使壯士變服與赤眉同，伏於道側。旦日，赤眉使萬人攻異前部，異裁出兵以救之。賊見埶弱，遂悉眾攻異，異乃縱兵大戰。日昃，賊氣衰，伏兵卒起，衣服相亂，赤眉不復識別，眾遂驚潰。追擊，大破於崤底，降男女八萬人。餘眾尚十餘萬，東走宜陽降。璽書勞異曰：「赤眉破平，士吏勞苦，始雖垂翅回谿，終能奮翼黽池，可謂失之東隅，收之桑榆。方論功賞，以荅大勳。」 |
| | Yi encountered the Chimei at Huayin, and they resisted each other for more than sixty days. After dozens of battles, he captured over 5,000 rebels including their generals Liu Shi and Wang Xuan. In spring of the third year, an envoy was sent to bestow Yi with the title of Zhongxi Dajiangjun (Grand General of the West). At that time, Deng Yu led his cavalry general Deng Hong and others back to the capital, where they met Yi. Deng Yu and Deng Hong invited Yi to join them in attacking the Chimei together. Yi said: "I have been resisting the rebels for nearly ten days. Although I have captured many of their strong generals, there are still numerous remaining forces. We can gradually win them over with kindness and trust; it is difficult to defeat them suddenly through military force alone. "If the emperor now orders other generals to station troops at Mianchi and block their eastern route, while I attack from the west, we can capture them in one move. This is a sure plan." Deng Yu and Deng Hong did not follow his advice. Deng Hong then engaged in a prolonged battle, during which the Chimei pretended to retreat and abandoned their supplies before fleeing. The carts were all loaded with earth, covered by beans on top; the soldiers, hungry, rushed to take them. The Chimei turned back and attacked Deng Hong, causing his army to collapse into chaos. Yi joined forces with Deng Yu to rescue him, forcing the Chimei to slightly retreat. Yi considered that his soldiers were exhausted and hungry, suggesting they take a temporary rest. Deng Yu did not listen, so another battle was fought, in which they suffered a major defeat with over 3,000 dead or wounded. Deng Yu barely escaped and returned to Yiyang. Yi abandoned his horse, ran on foot up Huixi Ban, and with several of his subordinates returned to the camp. He reinforced the defenses, gathered his scattered troops, and recruited tens of thousands from various camps and strongholds. He then arranged a scheduled battle with the rebels. He sent brave soldiers to dress in disguises identical to those of the Chimei, hiding along the roadside. The next day, the Chimei sent ten thousand men to attack Yi's vanguard, and Yi just managed to send out troops to rescue them. The rebels, seeing the weak position, launched a full-scale attack on Yi, who then deployed his forces for a major battle. As the day waned and the rebels' morale declined, the hidden troops suddenly rose up. Their disguises confused them with the Chimei forces, who could no longer distinguish friend from foe, causing their ranks to panic and collapse. They pursued and heavily defeated them at Xiaodi, capturing 80,000 men and women who surrendered. The remaining forces, numbering over 100,000, fled eastward to Yiyang and surrendered. An imperial edict commended Yi, saying: "The Chimei have been defeated and pacified; the officers and soldiers have labored greatly. Initially, you seemed to falter at Huixi, but ultimately managed to rise up at Mianchi. This can truly be called losing in the east but gaining in the west." "It is now time to discuss rewards and merits, so as to properly recognize such great achievements."
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時赤眉雖降，眾寇猶盛：延岑據藍田，王歆據下邽，芳丹據新豐，蔣震據霸陵，張邯據長安，公孫守據長陵，楊周據谷口，呂鮪據陳倉，角閎據汧，駱蓋延據盩厔，任良據鄠，汝章據槐里，各稱將軍，擁兵多者萬餘，少者數千人，轉相攻擊。異且戰且行，屯軍上林苑中。延岑既破赤眉，自稱武安王，拜置牧守，欲據關中，引張邯、任良共攻異。異擊破之，斬首千餘級，諸營保守附岑者皆來降歸異。岑走攻析，異遣復漢將軍鄧曄、輔漢將軍于匡要擊岑，大破之，降其將蘇臣等八千餘人。岑遂自武關走南陽。時百姓飢餓，人相食，黃金一斤易豆五升。道路斷隔，委輸不至，軍士悉以果實為糧。詔拜南陽趙匡為右扶風，將兵助異，并送縑穀，軍中皆稱萬歲。異兵食漸盛，乃稍誅擊豪傑不從令者，褒賞降附有功勞者，悉遣其渠帥詣京師，散其眾歸本業。威行關中。唯呂鮪、張邯、蔣震遣使降蜀，其餘悉平。 |
| | At that time, although the Chimei had surrendered, other bandits remained strong: Yan Cen held Lanxin, Wang Xin held Xiagui, Fang Dan held Xinfeng, Jiang Zhen held Baling, Zhang Han held Chang'an, Gongsun Shou held Changling, Yang Zhou held Gu Kou, Lü Liang held Chencang, Jiao Hong held Qian, Luo Gaoyan held Zhouzhi, Ren Liang held Hu, Ru Zhang held Huali, each claiming the title of general and commanding armies ranging from over ten thousand to several thousand men, attacking one another in turn. Yi advanced while fighting, stationing his army within the Shanglin Garden. After Yan Cen had defeated the Chimei, he proclaimed himself King Wu'an, appointed officials as governors and magistrates, intending to control Guanzhong. He invited Zhang Han and Ren Liang to jointly attack Yi. Yi defeated them, beheading over a thousand rebels. All the camps and strongholds that had previously submitted to Yan Cen now surrendered to Yi. Yan Cen fled to attack Xi, and Yi dispatched Fuhan Jiangjun Deng Ye and Fuhann Jiangjun Yu Kuang to intercept him. They heavily defeated Yan Cen, causing his general Su Chen and over 8,000 others to surrender. Yan Cen then fled from Wuguan Pass to Nanyang. At that time, the people were starving and eating each other; one jin of gold could only buy five sheng of beans. The roads were cut off, supplies failed to arrive, and the soldiers had no choice but to rely on fruits as their food. An imperial decree appointed Zhao Kuang of Nanyang as You Fufeng, commanding troops to assist Yi, and also delivered silk and grain. In the army, all shouted "Ten thousand years!" in celebration. As Yi's troops and supplies gradually increased, he began to punish the local strongmen who disobeyed his orders while rewarding those who surrendered or contributed to the cause. He sent their leaders to the imperial capital and dispersed the rest of their followers back to their original occupations. His authority was thus established throughout Guanzhong. Only Lü Liang, Zhang Han, and Jiang Zhen sent envoys to surrender to Shu; all others were completely pacified.
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明年，公孫述遣將程焉，將數萬人就呂鮪出屯陳倉。異與趙匡迎擊，大破之，焉退走漢川。異追戰於箕谷，復破之，還擊破呂鮪，營保降者甚眾。其後蜀復數遣將閒出，異輒摧挫之。懷來百姓，申理枉結，出入三歲，上林成都。 |
| | The following year, Gongsun Shu sent his general Cheng Yan with tens of thousands of men to join Lü Liang and station at Chencang. Yi, together with Zhao Kuang, launched a counterattack and heavily defeated them; Cheng Yan retreated to Hanchuan. Yi pursued and fought a battle at Jigu, where he again defeated them. He then returned to attack Lü Liang, causing many camps and strongholds to surrender. After that, Shu repeatedly sent generals on secret expeditions, but Yi always repelled them. He won the hearts of the people by addressing grievances and correcting unjust verdicts. After three years in and out, he achieved peace and prosperity throughout Shanglin and Chengdu.
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異自以久在外，不自安，上書思慕闕廷，願親帷幄，帝不許。後人有章言異專制關中，斬長安令，威權至重，百姓歸心，號為「咸陽王」。帝使以章示異。異惶懼，上書謝曰：「臣本諸生，遭遇受命之會，充備行伍，過蒙恩私，位大將，爵通侯，受任方面，以立微功，皆自國家謀慮，愚臣無所能及。臣伏自思惟：以詔敕戰攻，每輒如意；時以私心斷決，未嘗不有悔。國家獨見之明，久而益遠，乃知『性與天道，不可得而聞也』。當兵革始起，擾攘之時，豪傑競逐，迷惑千數。臣以遭遇，託身聖明，在傾危溷殽之中，尚不敢過差，而況天下平定，上尊下卑，而臣爵位所蒙，巍巍不測乎？誠冀以謹敕，遂自終始。見所示臣章，戰慄怖懼。伏念明主知臣愚性，固敢因緣自陳。」詔報曰：「將軍之於國家，義為君臣，恩猶父子。何嫌何疑，而有懼意？」 |
| | Yi felt uneasy about having been away from the capital for so long, and submitted a memorial expressing his longing for the imperial court, hoping to serve in close proximity. The emperor did not approve. Later, someone submitted a memorial accusing Yi of exercising excessive authority in Guanzhong, having executed the magistracy of Chang'an and wielding immense power. The people had come to revere him, calling him "King Xianyang." The emperor ordered that the memorial be shown to Yi. Yi was greatly alarmed and fearful, so he submitted a letter to apologize, saying: "I am originally a scholar-official who happened upon the opportunity of receiving imperial favor. I joined the ranks as an ordinary soldier but have been overly favored by grace, appointed as a great general and ennobled as a Tong Hou. Being entrusted with command over a region and achieving minor accomplishments are all due to the state's planning; my humble self is not capable of such achievements." "I have reflected upon myself: whenever I conducted battles and attacks according to the emperor's orders, they always went as planned; "but when I made decisions based on my own judgment at times, I have never failed to regret it later." "The state's wisdom in seeing clearly is unparalleled and grows more profound over time. Only then do I understand the saying, 'Human nature and the Way of Heaven are things that cannot be fully grasped or heard.'" "When warfare first erupted during those chaotic times, heroes vied for dominance, and countless forces were confused and misled. "I, by mere fortune, have placed myself under the wise rule of Your Majesty. In those perilous and chaotic times, I still dared not make excessive mistakes; how much less so now that the empire is at peace, with clear hierarchy established, and my position and title are so lofty and uncertain?" "I sincerely hope to remain cautious and obedient in order to fulfill my duties from beginning to end." "Upon seeing the memorial shown to me, I was trembling with fear." "I humbly believe that Your Majesty understands my foolish nature and thus dare to take this opportunity to present myself for your consideration." The imperial decree replied: "A general's relationship with the state is one of loyalty as a subject, and affection akin to that between father and son. "Why then should there be any suspicion or doubt, leading you to feel fear?"
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六年春，異朝京師。引見，帝謂公卿曰：「是我起兵時主簿也。為吾披荊棘，定關中。」既罷，使中黃門賜以珍寶、衣服、錢帛。詔曰：「倉卒無蔞亭豆粥，虖沱河麥飯，厚意久不報。」異稽首謝曰：「臣聞管仲謂桓公曰：『願君無忘射鉤，臣無忘檻車。』齊國賴之。臣今亦願國家無忘河北之難，小臣不敢忘巾車之恩。」後數引讌見，定議圖蜀，留十餘日，令異妻子隨異還西。 |
| | In spring of the sixth year, Yi paid a visit to the capital. He was received in audience, and the emperor said to the ministers: "This is my chief clerk when I first raised my troops." "He cleared thorns and brambles for me and secured Guanzhong." After the audience, the emperor sent a palace official to bestow upon him treasures, clothing, money, and silk. The imperial decree said: "In haste, there was no Louting bean porridge or Hutuo River wheat rice; your sincere loyalty has long gone unrewarded." Yi kowtowed and thanked, saying: "I have heard Guan Zhong say to Duke Huan of Qi: 'May Your Majesty never forget the arrow that wounded me, and I shall never forget being shackled in a prison cart.'" "Qi State relied on this." "I, too, now wish that the state will never forget the hardships in Hebei, and I, a humble subject, shall never forget Your Majesty's grace of sparing my life." Later, the emperor frequently invited him to banquets and discussions on plans against Shu. After staying for over ten days, he ordered Yi's wife and children to accompany Yi back westward.
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夏，遣諸將上隴，為隗囂所敗，乃詔異軍栒邑。未及至，隗囂乘勝使其將王元、行巡將二萬餘人下隴，因分遣巡取栒邑。異即馳兵，欲先據之。諸將皆曰：「虜兵盛而新乘勝，不可與爭。宜止軍便地，徐思方略。」異曰：「虜兵臨境，忸觇小利，遂欲深入。若得栒邑，三輔動搖，是吾憂也。夫『攻者不足，守者有餘』。今先據城，以逸待勞，非所以爭也。」潛往閉城，偃旗鼓。行巡不知，馳赴之。異乘其不意，卒擊鼓建旗而出。巡軍驚亂奔走，追搫數十里，大破之。祭遵亦破王元於钐。於是北地諸豪長耿定等，悉畔隗囂降。異上書言狀，不敢自伐。諸將或欲分其功，帝患之。乃下璽書曰：「制詔大司馬，虎牙、建威、漢中、捕虜、武威將軍：虜兵猥下，三輔驚恐。栒邑危亡，在於旦夕。北地營保，按兵觀望。今偏城獲全，虜兵挫折，使耿定之屬，復念君臣之義。征西功若丘山，猶自以為不足。孟之反奔而殿，亦何異哉？今遣太中大夫賜征西吏士死傷者醫藥、棺斂，大司馬已下親弔死問疾，以崇謙讓。」於是使異進軍義渠，并領北地太守事。 |
| | In summer, the emperor dispatched various generals to Shanglong, but they were defeated by Wei Xiao; thus, an imperial decree ordered Yi's army to Xunyi. Before they could arrive, Wei Xiao took advantage of his victory and sent his generals Wang Yuan and Xing Xun with over 20,000 troops down from Longshan. He also dispatched Xing Xun to capture Xunyi separately. Yi immediately rushed his forces in an attempt to occupy it first. All the generals said: "The enemy's troops are strong and have just tasted victory; we should not engage them in direct confrontation." "We should halt our army at a convenient location and carefully devise strategies." Yi said: "The enemy is approaching our territory, seeking small advantages and attempting to penetrate deeper. "If they capture Xunyi, the Three Fu regions will become unstable; this is my greatest concern." "The saying goes: 'Offensive forces are insufficient, while defensive forces have surplus.'" "Now we should occupy the city first and await them with ease; this is not a contest of strength." He secretly arrived, closed the gates of the city, and lowered his banners to remain silent. Xing Xun was unaware of this and rushed toward it. Yi took advantage of their unpreparedness, suddenly struck the drum, raised his flag, and launched a surprise attack. Xing Xun's army was thrown into chaos and fled in panic; Yi pursued them for dozens of li, completely defeating them. Ji Zun also defeated Wang Yuan at Shan. At this time, local strongmen and chieftains in Beidi such as Geng Ding all defected from Wei Xiao and surrendered. Yi submitted a memorial to report the situation but did not take personal credit for his achievements. Some of the generals wanted to share in the credit, which troubled the emperor. The emperor then issued an imperial edict saying: "Imperial decree to the Da Sima, Huya, Jianwei, Hanzhong, Bulu, and Wuwei generals: The enemy forces have descended in large numbers, causing alarm throughout the Three Fu regions. "The city of Xunyi is on the verge of falling at any moment." "The strongholds in Beidi have remained inactive, watching and waiting." "Now that the city has been saved and the enemy forces defeated, it is this achievement that has led men like Geng Ding to once again reflect on their loyalty as subjects." "The achievements of the Western Expedition are as great as Mount Qiu, yet Yi still considers them insufficient." "Isn't this similar to Meng Zhifan, who fled but took up the rear in battle?" "Now I have dispatched a Taizhong Dafu to provide medicine and coffins for the wounded and deceased soldiers of the Western Expedition. The Da Sima and all officials below him are to personally visit the families of the dead, inquire about the sick, in order to honor humility and courtesy." Thus, he ordered Yi to advance his army to Yiqu and also take charge of the duties as governor of Beidi.
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青山胡率萬餘人降異。異又擊盧芳將賈覽、匈奴薁鞬日逐王，破之。上郡、安定皆降，異復領安定太守事。九年春，祭遵卒，詔異守征虜將軍，并將其營。及隗囂死，其將王元、周宗等復立囂子純，猶總兵據冀，公孫述遣將趙匡等救之，帝復令異行天水太守事。攻匡等且一年，皆斬之。諸將共攻冀，不能拔，欲且還休兵，異固持不動，常為眾軍鋒。 |
| | The Qingshan Hu people led by over ten thousand surrendered to Yi. Yi also attacked Lu Fang's general Jia Lan and the Xiongnu Youjian Ruzhu Wang, defeating them. Shangjun and Pingding both surrendered, and Yi was again placed in charge of the duties as governor of Pingding. In spring of the ninth year, Ji Zun died; an imperial decree appointed Yi to serve as Commander-in-Chief of Zhenglu and also command his troops. After Wei Xiao's death, his generals Wang Yuan and Zhou Zong reinstalled Wei Xiao's son Chun as ruler. They still controlled the military forces in Ji. Gongsun Shu dispatched his general Zhao Kuang to rescue them; thus, the emperor again ordered Yi to assume the duties of governor of Tianshui. Yi attacked Zhao Kuang and others for nearly a year before finally beheading them all. The other generals jointly attacked Ji but failed to capture it, and wanted to temporarily withdraw their troops for rest. Yi firmly held his ground without retreating, consistently leading the vanguard of all the armies.
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明年夏，與諸將攻落門，未拔，病發，薨于軍，謚曰節侯。 |
| | The following summer, Yi joined other generals in attacking Luomen but failed to capture it; he fell ill and died in the army. He was posthumously honored with the title "Jie Hou."
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長子彰嗣。明年，帝思異功，復封彰弟訢為析鄉侯。十三年，更封彰東緡侯，食三縣。永平中，徙封平鄉侯。彰卒，子普嗣，有罪，國除。 |
| | His eldest son Zhang succeeded him. The following year, the emperor, thinking of Yi's contributions, again bestowed a title on Zhang's younger brother Xin as Hujia Xiang Hou. In the thirteenth year, Zhang was further enfeoffed as Dongmin Hou and granted three counties for his fief. During the Yongping period, he was later transferred to be enfeoffed as Pingxiang Hou. Zhang died, and his son Pu succeeded him; however, due to crimes committed by Pu, the fief was abolished.
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永初六年，安帝下詔曰：「夫仁不遺親，義不忘勞，興滅繼絕，善善及子孫，古之典也。昔我光武受命中興，恢弘聖緒，橫被四表，昭假上下，光耀萬世，祉祚流衍，垂於罔極。予末小子，夙夜永思，追惟勳烈，披圖案籍，建武元功二十八將，佐命虎臣，讖記有徵。蓋蕭、曹紹封，傳繼於今；況此未遠，而或至乏祀，朕甚愍之。其條二十八將無嗣絕世，若犯罪奪國，其子孫應當統後者，分別署狀上。將及景風，章敘舊德，顯茲遺功焉。」於是紹封普子晨為平鄉侯。明年，二十八將絕國者，皆紹封焉。 |
| | In the sixth year of Yongchu, Emperor An issued an edict: "Benevolence does not forget one's kin; righteousness does not overlook those who have labored. Reviving what has perished and continuing what was cut off—extending goodness to descendants—is a principle from ancient times." "In the past, our Emperor Guangwu received his mandate and restored the dynasty. He greatly expanded the sacred legacy of virtue, spreading it widely across all directions, illuminating both heaven and earth, shining for ten thousand generations. His blessings and imperial line flowed on endlessly, reaching without limit." "I, this humble and young ruler, have pondered day and night. Reflecting on the meritorious deeds of the past, I have examined maps and records: the twenty-eight generals who rendered great service in the first year of Jianwu were the tigers among those who aided in founding the dynasty; their achievements are recorded in prophecy." "Indeed, just as Xiao He and Cao Can inherited titles that have been passed down to this day," "how much more so for these whose time is not far removed, yet some are left without descendants to offer sacrifices—this deeply moves my sympathy." "Therefore, compile a list of the descendants of the twenty-eight generals who have no heirs or whose line has been cut off, as well as those whose fiefs were taken due to crimes. Identify which among their descendants are eligible for succession and submit detailed reports." "Thus, the generals and Jing Feng will be honored; their past virtues recorded, and these remaining achievements made evident." As a result, Pu's son Chen was enfeoffed to succeed as Pingxiang Hou. The following year, all the fiefs of the twenty-eight generals whose lines had been extinguished were restored and re-enfeoffed accordingly.
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岑彭字君然，南陽棘陽人也。王莽時，守本縣長。漢兵起，攻拔棘陽，彭將家屬奔前隊大夫甄阜。阜怒彭不能固守，拘彭母妻，令效功自補。彭將賓客戰鬥甚力。及甄阜死，彭被創，亡歸宛，與前隊貳嚴說共城守。漢兵攻之數月，城中糧盡，人相食，彭乃與說舉城降。 |
| | Cen Peng, courtesy name Junran, was a native of Jiyang, Nanyang. During the reign of Wang Mang, he served as magistratus of his native county. When Han forces rose up and captured Jiyang, Cen Peng led his family to flee and take refuge with Zhen Fu, the commander of the vanguard troops. Zhen Fu was angry that Cen Peng had failed to hold his position and detained Cen's mother and wife, ordering him to redeem himself by achieving military success. Cen Peng led his guests in battle with great vigor. After Zhen Fu died, Cen Peng was wounded and fled back to Wan, where he joined forces with Yan Yue of the vanguard troops to defend the city. After several months of Han forces attacking, the defenders ran out of food and resorted to cannibalism; Cen Peng then joined Yan Yue in surrendering the city.
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諸將欲誅之，大司徒伯升曰：「彭，郡之大吏，執心堅守，是其節也。今舉大事，當表義士，不如封之，以勸其後。」更始乃封彭為歸德侯，令屬伯升。及伯升遇害，彭復為大司馬朱鮪校尉，從鮪擊王莽楊州牧李聖，殺之，定淮陽城。鮪薦彭為淮陽都尉。更始遣立威王張卬與將軍徭偉鎮淮陽。偉反，擊走卬。彭引兵攻偉，破之。遷潁川太守。 |
| | The generals wanted to execute them, but Dasi Tu Bo Sheng said: "Cen Peng was a high-ranking official of the commandery who remained resolute in his defense; this is an example of his integrity. Now that we are undertaking great endeavors, we should honor righteous men as examples. It would be better to enfeoff him in order to encourage others who follow." Thus, Gengshi conferred on Cen Peng the title of Guide Hou and ordered him to be subordinate to Bo Sheng. After Bo Sheng was killed, Cen Peng once again became a jiao wei under Daisima Zhu Liang and followed him in attacking Wang Mang's Yangzhou Ju Shu Li Sheng, killing him and pacifying the city of Huaiyang. Zhu Liang recommended Cen Peng for appointment as Du Wei of Huaiyang. Gengshi sent Liewei Wang Zhang Ang and General Yao Wei to garrison Huaiyang. Yao Wei rebelled and drove out Zhang Ang. Cen Peng led his troops to attack Yao Wei, defeating him. He was promoted to Tai Shou of Yingchuan.
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會舂陵劉茂起兵，略下潁川，彭不得之官，乃與麾下數百人從河內太守邑人韓歆。會光武徇河內，歆議欲城守，彭止不聽。既而光武至懷，歆迫急迎降。光武知其謀，大怒，收歆置鼓下，將斬之。召見彭，彭因進說曰：「今赤眉入關，更始危殆，權臣放縱，矯稱詔制，道路阻塞，四方蜂起，群雄競逐，百姓無所歸命。竊聞大王平河北，開王業，此誠皇天祐漢，士人之福也。彭幸蒙司徒公所見全濟，未有報德，旋被禍難，永恨於心。今復遭遇，願出身自效。」光武深接納之。彭因言韓歆南陽大人，可以為用。乃貰歆，以為鄧禹軍師。 |
| | At the time, Liu Mao of Chongling raised an army and captured Yingchuan; Cen Peng could not take up his post there, so he joined Han Xin, a native of the same commandery who was Tai Shou of Hedong, with several hundred men from under his command. When Emperor Guangwu campaigned in Hedong, Han Xin proposed to defend the city, but Cen Peng opposed this and was not heeded. Soon after, Emperor Guangwu arrived at Huai, and Han Xin, pressed by urgency, surrendered in haste. Emperor Guangwu learned of this plan and was furious; he arrested Han Xin and placed him under the drum, intending to execute him. Emperor Guangwu summoned Cen Peng for an audience, and Cen took the opportunity to advise: "Now that the Chimei rebels have entered Guan Pass, Gengshi is in peril. Powerful ministers act recklessly, falsely claiming imperial authority; roads are blocked, uprisings erupt everywhere, warlords vie for dominance, and the common people have nowhere to turn or place their hopes." "I have heard that Your Highness has pacified Hebei and laid the foundation for a royal cause. This is indeed Heaven's protection of Han, a blessing for all scholars." "By the grace of Dasi Tu Gong, I was fortunate to be saved and preserved; yet I have not had the chance to repay his kindness. Instead, I soon encountered misfortune, a regret that will forever remain in my heart." "Now that we meet again, I humbly request to offer my life and services for your cause." Emperor Guangwu warmly accepted his words. Cen Peng then said that Han Xin was a prominent man from Nanyang and could be of use. Emperor Guangwu pardoned Han Xin and appointed him as Jun Shi (military advisor) to Deng Yu.
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更始大將軍呂植將兵屯淇園，彭說降之，於是拜彭為刺姦大將軍，使督察眾營，授以常所持節，從平河北。光武即位，拜彭廷尉，歸德侯如故，行大將軍事。與大司馬吳漢，大司空王梁，建義大將軍朱祐，右將軍萬脩，執金吾賈復，驍騎將軍劉植，揚化將軍堅鐔，積射將軍侯進，偏將軍馮異、祭遵、王霸等，圍洛陽數月。朱鮪等堅守不肯下。帝以彭嘗為鮪校尉，令往說之。鮪在城上，彭在城下，相勞苦歡語如平生。彭因曰：「彭往者得執鞭侍從，蒙薦舉拔擢，常思有以報恩。今赤眉已得長安，更始為三王所反，皇帝受命，平定燕、趙，盡有幽、冀之地，百姓歸心，賢俊雲集，親率大兵，來攻洛陽。天下之事，逝其去矣。公雖嬰城固守，將何待乎？」鮪曰：「大司徒被害時，鮪與其謀，又諫更始無遣蕭王北伐，誠自知罪深。」彭還，具言於帝。帝曰：「夫建大事者，不忌小怨。鮪今若降，官爵可保，況誅罰乎？河水在此，吾不食言。」彭復往告鮪，鮪從城上下索曰：「必信，可乘此上。」彭趣索欲上。鮪見其誠，即許降。後五日，鮪將輕騎詣彭。顧敕諸部將曰：「堅守待我。我若不還，諸君徑將大兵上轘轅，歸郾王。」乃面縛，與彭俱詣河陽。帝即解其縛，召見之，復令彭夜送鮪歸城。明旦，悉其眾出降，拜鮪為平狄將軍，封扶溝侯。鮪，淮陽人，後為少府，傳封累代。 |
| | Gengshi's Grand General Lü Zhi had stationed his troops at Qi Yuan. Cen Peng persuaded him to surrender, and thus was appointed as Dajiangjun of Cijian, tasked with overseeing all the camps. He was given a regular imperial staff of authority and followed Emperor Guangwu in pacifying Hebei. After Emperor Guangwu ascended the throne, he appointed Cen Peng as Tingwei, retained his title of Guide Hou, and granted him authority to act in the role of Dajiangjun. Cen Peng joined Daisima Wu Han, Daisikong Wang Liang, Jianyi Dajiangjun Zhu You, You Jiangjun Wan Xiu, Zhijinwu Jia Fu, Xiaoqi Jiangjun Liu Zhi, Yanghua Jiangjun Jian Dan, Jishe Jiangjun Hou Jin, Pianjiangjun Feng Yi, Ji Zun, and Wang Ba to besiege Luoyang for several months. Zhu Liang and others held out resolutely and refused to surrender. The emperor, recalling that Cen Peng had once been a jiao wei under Zhu Liang, ordered him to go and persuade them. Zhu Liang was on the city wall while Cen Peng stood below; they exchanged warm greetings and spoke joyfully as if old friends. Cen Peng then said, "In the past, I had the honor of serving under you and was recommended for promotion by your grace. I have always longed to repay this kindness. Now the Chimei have captured Chang'an, and Gengshi has been overthrown by three kings. The Emperor has received his mandate, pacified Yan and Zhao, and now controls You and Ji regions entirely; the people's hearts turn to him, and virtuous men gather in droves. He personally leads a great army to attack Luoyang." "The affairs of the world are moving on; it is time for you to let go." "Though you now encircle the city and hold out resolutely, what exactly are you waiting for?" Zhu Liang replied, "When Dasi Tu was killed, I was involved in the plot. Moreover, I advised Gengshi not to send Xiao Wang north for a campaign; I truly know my crimes are grave." Cen Peng returned and reported everything to the emperor. The emperor said, "One who undertakes great endeavors should not be hindered by minor grudges." "If Zhu Liang surrenders now, his official rank and title can still be preserved; how much more so will he not face punishment?" "The Yellow River is right here as witness—I do not break my word." Cen Peng went back to inform Zhu Liang, who then descended from the city wall and lowered a rope, saying, "If you are truly trustworthy, climb up using this." Cen Peng hurriedly grabbed the rope and tried to ascend. Seeing his sincerity, Zhu Liang immediately agreed to surrender. Five days later, Zhu Liang led a small cavalry force to meet Cen Peng. He turned and ordered his various commanders: "Hold the city firmly and wait for me." "If I do not return, you may directly lead your troops to Huan Yuan and submit to the King of Yan." He then bound himself face-down in surrender and went with Cen Peng to He Yang. The emperor immediately unbound him, summoned him for an audience, then ordered Cen Peng to escort Zhu Liang back into the city at night. The next morning, Zhu Liang led all his troops out to surrender; he was appointed Pingdi Jiangjun and enfeoffed as Fugou Hou. Zhu Liang, a native of Huaiyang, later served as Shaofu; the title was passed down through generations.
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建武二年，使彭擊荊州，下犨、葉等十餘城。是時南方尤亂。南郡人秦豐據黎丘，自稱楚黎王，略十有〈十〉二縣；董訢起堵鄉；許邯起杏；又更始諸將各擁兵據南陽諸城。帝遣吳漢伐之，漢軍所過多侵暴。時破虜將軍鄧奉謁歸新野，怒吳漢掠其鄉里，遂返，擊破漢軍，獲其輜重，屯據淯陽，與諸賊合從。秋，彭破杏，降許邯，遷征南大將軍。復遣朱祐、賈復及建威大將軍耿弇，漢中將軍王常，武威將軍郭守，越騎將軍劉宏，偏將軍劉嘉、耿植等，與彭并力討鄧奉。先擊堵鄉，而奉將萬餘人救董訢。訢、奉皆南陽精兵，彭等攻之，連月不剋。三年夏，帝自將南征，至葉，董訢別將將數千人遮道，車騎不可得前。彭奔擊，大破之。帝至堵陽，鄧奉夜逃歸淯陽，董訢降。彭復與耿弇、賈復及積弩將軍傅俊、騎都尉臧宮等從追鄧奉於小長安。帝率諸將親戰，大破之。奉迫急，乃降。帝憐奉舊功臣，且釁起吳漢，欲全宥之。彭與耿弇諫曰：「鄧奉背恩反逆，暴師經年，致賈復傷痍，朱祐見獲。陛下既至，不知悔善，而親在行陳，兵敗乃降。若不誅奉，無以懲惡。」於是斬之。奉者，西華侯鄧晨之兄子也。 |
| | In the second year of Jianwu, the emperor sent Cen Peng to attack Jingzhou, capturing over ten cities including Chou and Ye. At that time, the southern regions were especially in chaos. Qin Feng of Nanjun occupied Liqiu and proclaimed himself "Chu Li Wang," seizing twelve counties; Dong Xin rose up in Duliang; Xu Han rebelled at Xing; Moreover, various generals of Gengshi each held armies and occupied cities in Nanyang. The emperor sent Wu Han to attack them; however, wherever Wu Han's army passed, they committed many acts of aggression and violence. At that time, Pulu Jiangjun Deng Feng had returned to Xinye after paying homage. Enraged by Wu Han's plundering of his hometown, he turned back and defeated Wu Han's forces, seizing their supplies before stationing himself at Yuyang and joining with the various rebels in a coalition. In autumn, Cen Peng defeated Xing, captured Xu Han, and was promoted to Zhennan Dajiangjun (General of the Southern Expedition). The emperor then dispatched Zhu You, Jia Fu, Jianwei Dajiangjun Geng Yan, Hanzhong Jiangjun Wang Chang, Wuwei Jiangjun Guo Shou, Yueqi Jiangjun Liu Hong, Pianjiangjun Liu Jia and Geng Zhi to join forces with Cen Peng in attacking Deng Feng. First they attacked Duliang, but Deng Feng led over 10,000 men to rescue Dong Xin. Dong Xin and Deng Feng were both elite forces from Nanyang; Cen Peng's forces attacked them but failed to conquer them for several months. In the summer of the third year, Emperor Guangwu personally led a southern campaign and arrived at Ye. A separate force under Dong Xin's command, numbering several thousand men, blocked the road, preventing the imperial cavalry from advancing. Cen Peng rushed to attack them and utterly defeated their forces. The emperor arrived at Duyang, where Deng Feng fled back to Yuyang under cover of night, and Dong Xin surrendered. Cen Peng once again joined Geng Yan, Jia Fu, and other generals such as Jinu Jiangjun Fu Jun and Qidouwei Zang Gong in pursuing Deng Feng to Xiaochangan. The emperor led the commanders in a personal engagement, achieving a decisive victory over them. Besieged and pressed hard, Deng Feng finally surrendered. The emperor pitied Deng Feng as an old meritorious subject, and since the conflict had arisen due to Wu Han's actions, he wished to show him clemency. Cen Peng and Geng Yan advised, "Deng Feng betrayed his benefactor and rebelled; for years he led a violent army, causing Jia Fu to suffer injuries and Zhu You to be captured. When the emperor arrived in person, Deng Feng showed no remorse or willingness to reform but instead fought on the battlefield until his defeat before surrendering. "If we do not execute Deng Feng, there will be no way to punish evil and set an example." Thus, he was executed. Deng Feng was the nephew of Deng Chen, Marquis of Xihua.
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車駕引還，令彭率傅俊、臧宮、劉宏等三萬餘人南趋秦豐，拔黃郵，豐與其大將蔡宏拒彭等於鄧，數月不得進。帝怪以讓彭。彭懼，於是夜勒兵馬，申令軍中，使明旦西擊山都。乃緩所獲虜，令得逃亡，歸以告豐，豐即悉其軍西邀彭。彭乃潛兵度沔水，擊其將張楊於阿頭山，大破之。從川谷閒伐木開道，直襲黎丘，擊破諸屯兵。豐聞大驚，馳歸救之。彭與諸將依東山為營，豐與蔡宏夜攻彭，彭豫為之備，出兵逆擊之，豐敗走，追斬蔡宏。更封彭為舞陰侯。 |
| | After the imperial procession returned, the emperor ordered Cen Peng to lead Fu Jun, Zang Gong, Liu Hong and over 30,000 troops south toward Qin Feng. They captured Huang You, but Qin Feng and his general Cai Hong resisted Cen Peng's forces at Deng, preventing them from advancing for several months. The emperor was puzzled by this and reprimanded Cen Peng about it. Cen Peng, fearing the emperor's displeasure, therefore ordered his troops at night and issued commands to the army: they were to attack Shandu to the west first thing in the morning. He then released some of his captured prisoners, allowing them to escape and return to inform Qin Feng; upon hearing this, Qin Feng immediately led all his forces westward to intercept Cen Peng. Cen Peng secretly crossed the Mian River and attacked Qin Feng's general Zhang Yang at Atoushan, defeating him decisively. They cut down trees in the ravines to clear a path and launched a direct attack on Liqiu, defeating all the garrison troops stationed there. Qin Feng heard of this and was greatly alarmed; he hurried back to rescue them. Cen Peng and his generals set up camp along the eastern mountain. Qin Feng and Cai Hong launched a night attack on Cen Peng, but Cen had already prepared for this; he sent out troops to counterattack them, causing Qin Feng to flee in defeat. Piao Hong was pursued and beheaded. Cen Peng was then enfeoffed as the Marquis of Wuyin.
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秦豐相趙京舉宜城降，拜為成漢將軍，與彭共圍豐於黎丘。時田戎擁眾夷陵，聞秦豐被圍，懼大兵方至，欲降。而妻兄辛臣諫戎曰：「今四方豪傑各據郡國，洛陽地如掌耳，不如按甲以觀其變。」戎曰：「以秦王之彊，猶為征南所圍，豈況吾邪？降計決矣。」四年春，戎乃留辛臣守夷陵，自將兵沿江泝沔止黎丘，刻期日當降，而辛臣於後盜戎珍寶，從閒道先降於彭，而以書招戎。戎疑必賣己，遂不敢降，而反與秦豐合。彭出兵攻戎，數月，大破之，其大將伍公詣彭降，戎亡歸夷陵。帝幸黎丘勞軍，封彭吏士有功者百餘人。彭攻秦豐三歲，斬首九萬餘級，豐餘兵裁千人，又城中食且盡。帝以豐轉弱，令朱祐代彭守之，使彭與傅俊南擊田戎，大破之，遂拔夷陵，追至秭歸。戎與數十騎亡入蜀，盡獲其妻子士眾數萬人。 |
| | Qin Feng's prime minister Zhao Jing surrendered Yicheng and was appointed as the General Chenghan. He joined Cen Peng in besieging Qin Feng at Liqiu. At that time, Tian Rong was leading his forces at Yiling. Upon hearing of Qin Feng's encirclement, he feared the arrival of a large army and wanted to surrender. However, his wife's elder brother Xin Chen advised Tian Rong: "Nowadays, outstanding men in all directions each occupy commanderies and states. Luoyang is as small as a palm; it would be better to keep your troops idle and observe how events develop." Tian Rong said, "Even with the strength of King Qin, he is still surrounded by General Zhengnan. How much more so for me?" "The decision to surrender has been made." In spring of the fourth year, Tian Rong left Xin Chen to defend Yiling and personally led his troops along the Yangtze River up the Mian River as far as Liqiu, setting a fixed date for surrender. However, after Tian Rong had departed, Xin Chen stole Tian's treasures from behind and first surrendered via a secret route to Cen Peng, sending letters to invite Tian Rong to surrender as well. Tian Rong suspected that Xin Chen would betray him and thus dared not surrender, instead choosing to ally with Qin Feng once more. Cen Peng launched an attack on Tian Rong, and after several months of fighting, he decisively defeated him. Tian's general Wu Gong surrendered to Cen Peng; Tian Rong fled back to Yiling. The emperor personally visited Liqiu to honor the troops, enfeoffing over a hundred of Cen Peng's officers and soldiers who had rendered meritorious service. Cen Peng besieged Qin Feng for three years, beheading over 90,000 of his troops. Qin Feng's remaining forces numbered barely a thousand, and the food supplies in the city were nearly exhausted. As Qin Feng's forces grew weaker, the emperor ordered Zhu You to replace Cen Peng in guarding him and assigned Cen Peng and Fu Jun to attack Tian Rong in the south. They decisively defeated Tian Rong's army, captured Yiling, and pursued them as far as Zigui. Tian Rong fled into Shu with dozens of horsemen, but his wife, children, and tens of thousands of soldiers were captured.
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彭以將伐蜀漢，而夾川穀少，水險難漕運，留威虜將軍馮駿軍江州，都尉田鴻軍夷陵，領軍李玄軍夷道，自引兵還屯津鄉，當荊州要會，喻告諸蠻夷，降者奏封其君長。初，彭與交阯牧鄧讓厚善，與讓書陳國家威德，又遣偏將軍屈充移檄江南，班行詔命，於是讓與江夏太守侯登、武陵太守王堂、長沙相韓福、桂陽太守張隆、零陵太守田翕、蒼梧太守杜穆、交阯太守錫光等，相率遣使貢獻，悉封為列侯。或遣子將兵助彭征伐。於是江南之珍始流通焉。 |
| | Cen Peng planned to lead an expedition against Shuhan, but the narrow gorges and treacherous waters made water transport difficult. He left Wei Lu General Feng Jun stationed at Jiangzhou, Commandant Tian Hong at Yiling, and Commander Li Xuan at Yidao, while he personally led his troops back to establish a base in Jinxiang, which controlled a key junction of Jingzhou. He issued proclamations to the various southern tribes, promising that those who surrendered would have their chieftains recommended for official titles by imperial decree. Initially, Cen Peng had a close relationship with Deng Rang, the governor of Jiaozhi. He wrote to Deng Rang extolling the might and virtue of the imperial court, and also dispatched his deputy general Qu Chong across the Yangtze River to issue proclamations and promulgate imperial decrees. As a result, Deng Rang along with Jiangxia's governor Hou Deng, Wuling's governor Wang Tang, Changsha's chancellor Han Fu, Guiyang's governor Zhang Long, Lingling's governor Tian Xi, Cangwu's governor Du Mu, and Jiaozhi's governor Xi Guang successively sent envoys to present tribute. All of them were conferred the title of Marquis. Some even sent their sons with troops to assist Cen Peng in his military campaigns. Thus, the treasures of southern Jiangnan began to circulate freely once more.
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六年冬，徵彭詣京師，數召讌見，厚加賞賜。復南還津鄉，有詔過家上冢，大長秋以朔望問太夫人起居。 |
| | In winter of the sixth year, Cen Peng was summoned to the capital city, where he was frequently invited for banquets and audiences with the emperor. He received generous rewards and gifts. He then returned south to Jinxiang, where an imperial decree allowed him to visit his family and pay respects at the ancestral tomb. The Grand Director of the Imperial Household inquired about the well-being of Cen Peng's mother on the first and fifteenth days of each lunar month.
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八年，彭引兵從車駕破天水，與吳漢圍隗囂於西城。時公孫述將李育將兵救囂，守上邽，帝留蓋延、耿弇圍之，而車駕東歸。敕彭書曰：「兩城若下，便可將兵南擊蜀虜。人苦不知足，既平隴，復望蜀。每一發兵，頭鬚為白。」彭遂壅谷水灌西城，城未沒丈餘，囂將行巡、周宗將蜀救兵到，囂得出還冀。漢軍食盡，燒輜重，引兵下隴，延、弇亦相隨而退。囂出兵尾擊諸營，彭殿為後拒，故諸將能全師東歸。彭還津鄉。 |
| | In the eighth year, Cen Peng led his troops to join the imperial procession in defeating Tianshui and joined Wu Han in besieging Wei Xiao at Xicheng. At that time, Gongsun Shu's general Li Yu led troops to rescue Wei Xiao and took up a defensive position at Shanggui. The emperor left Ge Yan and Geng Yan to besiege them while the imperial procession returned eastward. The emperor issued an edict to Cen Peng saying, "Once these two cities fall, you may lead your troops southward to attack the Shu bandits." People often suffer from insatiable desires; having pacified Longyou, they now covet Shu. Every time we raise an army, my hair and beard turn white." Cen Peng then dammed the river to flood Xicheng. Before the city was completely submerged by more than a zhang, Wei Xiao's generals Hang Xun and Zhou Zong arrived with reinforcements from Shu, allowing Wei Xiao to escape back to Ji. Wu Han's army ran out of supplies and burned their wagons and provisions before withdrawing from Longyou. Ge Yan and Geng Yan also withdrew in succession. Wei Xiao sent out troops to pursue the retreating camps, but Cen Peng took up a rearguard position and held off the pursuers, allowing the generals to return east with their full forces intact. Cen Peng returned to Jinxiang.
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九年，公孫述遣其將任滿、田戎、程汎，將數萬人乘枋箄下江關，擊破馮駿及田鴻、李玄等。遂拔夷道、夷陵，據荊門、虎牙。橫江水起浮橋、鬥樓，立欑柱絕水道，結營山上，以拒漢兵。彭數攻之，不利，於是裝直進樓船、冒突露橈數千艘。 |
| | In the ninth year, Gongsun Shu dispatched his generals Ren Man, Tian Rong, and Cheng Fan to lead tens of thousands of troops down the river on rafts past Jiangguan, defeating Feng Jun as well as Tian Hong and Li Xuan. They then captured Yidao and Yiling, occupying Jingmen and Huya. They built floating bridges and fighting towers across the river, erected piles to block the waterway, and established camps on the mountains to resist Han forces. Cen Peng repeatedly attacked them but without success; thus he constructed straight-advancing warships and thousands of ramming boats with exposed oars.
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十一年春，彭與吳漢及誅虜將軍劉隆、輔威將軍臧宮、驍騎將軍劉歆，發南陽、武陵、南郡兵，又發桂陽、零陵、長沙委輸棹卒，凡六萬餘人，騎五千匹，皆會荊門。吳漢以三郡棹卒多費糧穀，欲罷之。彭以蜀兵盛，不可遣，上書言狀。帝報彭曰：「大司馬習用步騎，不曉水戰，荊門之事，一由征南公為重而已。」彭乃令軍中募攻浮橋，先登者上賞。於是偏將軍魯奇應募而前。時天風狂急，彭奇船逆流而上，直衝浮橋，而欑柱鉤不得去，奇等乘埶殊死戰，因飛炬焚之，風怒火盛，橋樓崩燒。彭復悉軍順風並進，所向無前。蜀兵大亂，溺死者數千人。斬任滿，生獲程汎，而田戎亡保江州。彭上劉隆為南郡太守，自率臧宮、劉歆長驅入江關，令軍中無得虜掠。所過，百姓皆奉牛酒迎勞。彭見諸耆老，為言大漢哀愍巴蜀久見虜役，故興師遠伐，以討有罪，為人除害。讓不受其牛酒。百姓皆大喜悅，爭開門降。詔彭守益州牧，所下郡，輒行太守事。 |
| | In spring of the eleventh year, Cen Peng joined Wu Han and General Liu Long (of the Annihilation of Bandits), General Zang Gong (of Auxiliary Might), and General Liu Xin (of Valiant Cavalry) to mobilize troops from Nanyang, Wuling, and Nanjun. They also conscripted rowers from Guiyang, Lingling, and Changsha, totaling over 60,000 soldiers and 5,000 horses, all converging at Jingmen. Wu Han considered the rowers from three commanderies to be a heavy drain on grain supplies and wanted to dismiss them. Cen Peng argued that Shu's forces were too strong to allow their release, and submitted a memorial explaining the situation. The emperor replied to Cen Peng: "The Grand Marshal is experienced in land and cavalry warfare but unfamiliar with naval combat. The matter at Jingmen shall be entirely entrusted to the Duke of Zhengnan as a major responsibility." Cen Peng then ordered his troops to recruit volunteers for an attack on the floating bridge, promising generous rewards for those who led the charge. Thus, Deputy General Lu Qi volunteered and advanced first. At the time, a fierce wind was blowing. Cen Peng ordered Lu Qi's ships to go upstream and directly charge the floating bridge. The piles blocked their retreat, so Lu Qi and his men fought desperately while using torches to set fire to it. With the wind fanning the flames, the bridges and towers collapsed in a blaze. Cen Peng then led his entire army forward with the wind at their backs, advancing without opposition wherever they went. The Shu forces fell into great disorder, and thousands drowned in the river. Ren Man was beheaded, Cheng Fan captured alive, while Tian Rong fled to take refuge at Jiangzhou. Cen Peng recommended Liu Long as the governor of Nanjun, and personally led Zang Gong and Liu Xin to advance directly into Jiangguan, ordering his troops not to plunder or loot. Wherever they passed, the local people offered oxen and wine to welcome and honor them. Cen Peng met with the elders and told them, "The great Han dynasty feels pity for Bashi having long suffered under Shu's oppressive rule. That is why we have raised an army to launch a distant campaign, to punish those who are guilty and eliminate harm for the people." Deng Rang refused their oxen and wine. The people were all greatly delighted, vying to open their gates in surrender. An imperial decree appointed Cen Peng as the acting governor of Yizhou, and he immediately assumed the duties of a commandery governor in all the regions under his control.
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彭到江州，以田戎食多，難卒拔，留馮駿守之，自引兵乘利直指墊江，攻破平曲，收其米數十萬石。公孫述使其將延岑、呂鮪、王元及其弟恢悉兵拒廣漢及資中，又遣將侯丹率二萬餘人拒黃石。彭乃多張疑兵，使護軍楊翕與臧宮拒延岑等，自分兵浮江下還江州，泝都江而上，襲擊侯丹，大破之。因晨夜倍道兼行二千餘里，徑拔武陽。使精騎馳廣都，去成都數十里，埶若風雨，所至皆奔散。初，述聞漢兵在平曲，故遣大兵逆之。及彭至武陽，繞出延岑軍後，蜀地震駭。述大驚，以杖擊地曰：「是何神也！」 |
| | When Cen Peng arrived at Jiangzhou, he found that Tian Rong's forces were well supplied and difficult to quickly subdue. He left Feng Jun in charge of the city and personally led his troops on a swift advance toward Dianjiang, where they captured Pingqu and seized tens of thousands of dan of rice. Gongsun Shu sent his generals Yan Cen, Lü Li, Wang Yuan, and his younger brother Gao Hui to lead all their forces in resisting Guanghan and Zizhong. He also dispatched General Hou Dan with over 20,000 men to resist Huangshi. Cen Peng therefore deployed many decoy troops and ordered his military protector Yang Xi to join Zang Gong in resisting Yan Cen and others, while he split off with part of his forces, sailed down the river back to Jiangzhou, then went upstream along the Dujiang River to launch a surprise attack on Hou Dan, decisively defeating him. He then marched day and night for over 2,000 li at double speed, directly capturing Wuyang. He sent elite cavalry to race toward Guangdu, only dozens of li from Chengdu; his forces advanced like a storm, and wherever they arrived, the enemy fled in disarray. Initially, when Gongsun Shu heard that Han troops were at Pingqu, he sent a large force to intercept them. When Cen Peng reached Wuyang and encircled Yan Cen's forces from behind, the Shu army was greatly shaken and terrified. Gongsun Shu was deeply alarmed and struck the ground with his staff, exclaiming, "Who is this divine general!"
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彭所營地名彭亡，聞而惡之，欲徙，會日暮，蜀刺客詐為亡奴降，夜刺殺彭。 |
| | The name of the camp where Cen Peng was stationed was "Peng Wang" (Corps Perishing). Upon hearing it, he felt uneasy and wanted to move. However, night fell before he could act. A Shu assassin disguised as a runaway slave pretending to surrender attacked him at night and killed Cen Peng.
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彭首破荊門，長驅武陽，持軍整齊，秋豪無犯。邛穀王任貴聞彭威信，數千里遣使迎降。會彭已薨，帝盡以任貴所獻賜彭妻子，謚曰壯侯。蜀人憐之，為立廟武陽，歲時祠焉。 |
| | Cen Peng first broke through Jingmen, advanced swiftly to Wuyang, maintaining strict military discipline and not taking even the smallest item from civilians. Qionggu King Ren Gui heard of Cen Peng's authority and reputation, and sent envoys over thousands of li to welcome him in surrender. Coincidentally, Cen Peng had already died by then; the emperor bestowed all of Ren Gui's tributes upon Cen Peng's wife and children. He was posthumously honored with the title "Marquis Zhuang." The people of Shu felt deep sympathy for him, establishing a temple in Wuyang where they offered sacrifices to his spirit on seasonal occasions.
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子遵嗣，徙封細陽侯。十三年，帝思彭功，復封遵弟淮為穀陽侯。遵永平中為屯騎校尉。遵卒，子伉嗣。伉卒，子杞嗣，元初三年，坐事失國。建光元年，安帝復封杞細陽侯，順帝時為光祿勳。 |
| | His son Cen Zun succeeded him and was later transferred the title of Xi Yang Hou (Marquis of Xiyang). In the thirteenth year, moved by Cen Peng's contributions, the emperor conferred the title of Guyang Hou (Marquis of Guyang) on Cen Zun's younger brother, Cen Huai. During the Yongping period, Cen Zun served as a Tuqiji Xiao Wei (Commander of the Garrisoned Cavalry). After Cen Zun died, his son Cen Kang succeeded him. Cen Kang died and was succeeded by his son Cen Qi. In the third year of Yuanchu, he lost his title due to a crime. In the first year of Jianguang, Emperor An restored Cen Qi's title as Marquis of Xi Yang. During Emperor Shun's reign, he served as Guangluxun (Minister of Ceremonies).
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杞卒，子熙嗣，尚安帝妹涅陽長公主。少為侍中、虎賁中郎將，朝廷多稱其能。遷魏郡太守，招聘隱逸，與參政事，無為而化。視事二年，輿人歌之曰：「我有枳棘，岑君伐之。我有蟊賊，岑君遏之。狗吠不驚，足下生氂。含哺鼓腹，焉知凶災？我喜我生，獨丁斯時。美矣岑君，於戲休茲！」 |
| | After Cen Qi died, his son Cen Xi succeeded him and married Emperor An's sister, the Princess Nieyang Chang. At a young age, he served as Shizhong (Attendant-in-Ordinary) and Huben Zhonglangjiang (Commander of the Tiger 贲 Corps), and was widely praised in court for his abilities. He later became governor of Wei Jun, where he recruited reclusive scholars to advise on political affairs and governed with a hands-off approach that nonetheless transformed the region. After two years in office, the people sang of him: "We had thorny brambles; Lord Cen cut them down. We had pests and thieves; Lord Cen stopped them." Dogs barked without alarm, and soft hair grew beneath our feet. We ate with full bellies and drummed our stomachs in contentment—how could we know of calamity?" I am glad to be born, living alone in this time of peace. How beautiful is Lord Cen! Oh, what a restful age this is!"
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熙卒，子福嗣，為黃門侍郎。 |
| | After Cen Xi died, his son Cen Fu succeeded him and served as Huangmen Shilang (Attendant in the Yellow Gate).
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賈復字君文，南陽冠軍人也。少好學，習尚書。事舞陰李生，李生奇之，謂門人曰：「賈君之容貌志氣如此，而勤於學，將相之器也。」王莽末，為縣掾，迎鹽河東，會遇盜賊，等比十餘人皆放散其鹽，復獨完以還縣，縣中稱其信。 |
| | Jia Fu, courtesy name Junwen, was a native of Guanjun, Nanyang. From a young age he loved learning and studied the Book of Documents (Shangshu). He studied under Li Sheng of Wuyin, who was greatly impressed by him and told his students: "Jia Jun has such a dignified appearance and determined spirit, and yet he is so diligent in study. He is destined to become a general or minister." At the end of Wang Mang's reign, Jia Fu served as a county clerk and was sent to receive salt from Hedong. When they encountered bandits, over ten others in his group scattered their cargo, but only Jia Fu returned with all the salt intact, earning praise for his integrity within the county.
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時下江、新市兵起，復亦聚眾數百人於羽山，自號將軍。更始立，乃將其眾歸漢中王劉嘉，以為校尉。復見更始政亂，諸將放縱，乃說嘉曰：「臣聞圖堯舜之事而不能至者，湯武是也；圖湯武之事而不能至者，桓文是也；圖桓文事而不能至者，六國是也；定六國之規，欲安守之而不能至者，亡六國是也。今漢室中興，大王以親戚為藩輔，天下未定而安守所保，所保得無不可保乎？」嘉曰：「卿言大，非吾任也。大司馬劉公在河北，必能相施，第持我書往。」復遂辭嘉，受書北度河，及光武於柏人，因鄧禹得召見。光武奇之，禹亦稱有將帥節，於是署復破虜將軍督盜賊。復馬羸，光武解左驂以賜之。官屬以復後來而好陵折等輩，調補鄗尉，光武曰：「賈督有折衝千里之威，方任以職，勿得擅除。」 |
| | At that time, when uprisings broke out in Xiajiang and Xinshi, Jia Fu also gathered several hundred followers at Yushan and declared himself a general. When the Gengshi regime was established, he led his men to submit to Liu Jia, Prince of Hanzhong, who appointed him as a jiao wei (military officer). Jia Fu observed that the Gengshi court was corrupt and its generals unrestrained, so he advised Liu Jia: "I have heard of those who aspired to emulate Yao and Shun but failed—Tang and Wu are examples. Those who aspired to follow Tang and Wu but fell short were Huan and Wen; Those who sought to emulate Huan and Wen but failed were the Six States; To establish a pattern for governing the Six States, yet fail in maintaining peace and stability—this is what led to their downfall." "Now that the Han dynasty has risen again, Your Highness holds a position as a vassal and assistant by virtue of your kinship. With the empire still unsettled, how can you afford to remain content with what you have? Is it not possible that what you now protect may no longer be worth protecting?" Liu Jia replied: "Your words are grand, but they are beyond my capacity. The Grand Marshal Liu Gong is in Hebei; he will surely be able to assist you. Just take my letter with you and go." Jia Fu then bid farewell to Liu Jia, accepted the letter, crossed the Yellow River northward, and met Emperor Guangwu at Bairen. Through Deng Yu, he was granted an audience with the emperor. Emperor Guangwu was impressed by him, and Deng Yu also praised his conduct befitting a general. Thus, Jia Fu was appointed as the Pulu General in charge of suppressing bandits. Jia Fu's horse was weak and worn out, so Emperor Guangwu dismounted his own left-side horse and gave it to him. The officials, because Jia Fu had arrived later and was known for his boldness in dealing with equals, proposed to transfer him as the magistrate of Gao. Emperor Guangwu said: "Jia Du has the authority to subdue enemies from a thousand li away; he is just being entrusted with responsibilities. You must not arbitrarily remove him."
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光武至信都，以復為偏將軍。及拔邯鄲，遷都護將軍。從擊青犢於射犬，大戰至日中，賊陳堅不卻。光武傳召復曰：「吏士皆飢，可且朝飯。」復曰；「先破之，然後食耳。」於是被羽先登，所向皆靡，賊乃敗走。諸將咸服其勇。又北與五校戰於真定，大破之。復傷創甚。光武大驚曰：「我所以不令賈復別將者，為其輕敵也。果然，失吾名將。聞其婦有孕，生女邪，我子娶之，生男邪，我女嫁之，不令其憂妻子也。」復病尋愈，追及光武於薊，相見甚懽，大饗士卒，令復居前，擊鄴賊，破之。 |
| | When Emperor Guangwu arrived at Xindu, he appointed Jia Fu as a pian jiangjun (a type of general). After the capture of Handan, he was promoted to Duhu General. He followed the emperor in attacking the Qingtu rebels at Shequan, and a fierce battle raged until midday, with the rebel forces holding their ground firmly. Emperor Guangwu sent for Jia Fu and said: "The soldiers are all hungry; you may have them take a brief meal now." Fu replied: "We must first defeat the enemy, and then we can eat." With that, he donned feathers on his armor and led the charge at the forefront. Wherever he went, the enemy forces crumbled, and the rebels were defeated and fled. All the generals were impressed by his bravery. He then marched north and fought against the Wu Xiao rebels at Zhenping, where he decisively defeated them. Jia Fu sustained serious wounds in battle. Emperor Guangwu was greatly alarmed and said: "This is why I did not assign Jia Fu to command a separate force—it was because he tends to be reckless in battle. Indeed, now I have lost one of my finest generals." He heard that Jia Fu's wife was pregnant, and said: "If it is a girl, my son will marry her; if it is a boy, my daughter will marry him. I shall not let him worry about his wife and children." Jia Fu soon recovered from his illness and caught up with Emperor Guangwu in Ji, where they met joyfully. The emperor held a grand banquet for the soldiers and ordered Jia Fu to lead the vanguard against the rebels at Ye, defeating them.
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光武即位，拜為執金吾，封冠軍侯。先度河攻朱鮪於洛陽，與白虎公陳僑戰，連破降之。建武二年，益封穰、朝陽二縣。更始郾王尹尊及諸大將在南方未降者尚多，帝召諸將議兵事，未有言，沈吟久之，乃以檄叩地曰：「郾最彊，宛為次，誰當擊之？」復率然對曰：「臣請擊郾。」帝笑曰：「執金吾擊郾，吾復何憂！大司馬當擊宛。」遂遣復與騎都尉陰識、驍騎將軍劉植南度五社津擊郾，連破之。月餘，尹尊降，盡定其地。引東擊更始淮陽太守暴汜，汜降，屬縣悉定。其秋，南擊召陵、新息，平定之。明年春，遷左將軍，別擊赤眉於新城、澠池閒，連破之。與帝會宜陽，降赤眉。 |
| | After Emperor Guangwu ascended the throne, he appointed Jia Fu Zhijinwu and enfeoffed him as Hou of Guanjun. Jia Fu crossed the Yellow River first and attacked Zhu Li at Luoyang, where he fought against Baihu Gong Chen Qiao, defeating him repeatedly until his forces surrendered. In the second year of Jianwu (26 AD), his fief was expanded to include two additional counties: Rang and Chaoyang. There were still many of Gengshi's generals, including the Prince of Yan Yin Zun, who had not yet surrendered in the south. The emperor summoned his generals to discuss military affairs, but none spoke up. After a long silence, he tapped the ground with an official document and said: "Yan is the strongest, followed by Wan—who will go out to attack them?" Jia Fu suddenly responded: "I shall lead the campaign against Yan." The emperor smiled and said, "With the Zhijinwu General attacking Yan, what more should I worry about?" "The Grand Marshal should attack Wan." He then dispatched Jia Fu along with Qi Duiwei Yin Shi and Xiaoqi Jiangjun Liu Zhi to cross the Wushejin in the south and attack Yan, where they defeated them repeatedly. After more than a month, Yin Zun surrendered, and all his territory was pacified. Jia Fu then led his forces eastward to attack Bao Si, the Gengshi-era Taishou (governor) of Huaiyang. Bao Si surrendered, and all the counties under his jurisdiction were pacified. That autumn, he marched south to attack Zhao Ling and Xinxi, which he successfully pacified. The following spring, Jia Fu was promoted to Zuo Jiangjun (Left General) and led a separate campaign against the Chimei rebels in Xincheng and between Mianchi. He defeated them repeatedly. He met with Emperor Guangwu at Yiyang, where the Chimei surrendered.
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復從征伐，未嘗喪敗，數與諸將潰圍解急，身被十二創。帝以復敢深入，希令遠征，而壯其勇節，常自從之，故復少方面之勳。諸將每論功自伐，復未嘗有言。帝輒曰：「賈君之功，我自知之。」 |
| | Jia Fu accompanied the emperor on military campaigns and never suffered a defeat, often breaking through encirclements with other generals to relieve urgent situations. He was personally wounded twelve times. The emperor, because Jia Fu dared to advance deeply into enemy territory, rarely assigned him long-distance expeditions. However, he admired his bravery and integrity, often taking him along personally, so Jia Fu received relatively few major commands or military achievements in independent campaigns. Whenever the other generals discussed their merits and boasted of their accomplishments, Jia Fu never spoke up to claim his own. The emperor would always say: "Jia Jun's achievements are known to me."
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十三年，定封膠東侯，食郁秩、壯武、下密、即墨、梃胡、觀陽，凡六縣。復知帝欲偃干戈，修文德，不欲功臣擁眾京師，乃與高密侯鄧禹並剽甲兵，敦儒學。帝深然之，遂罷左右將軍。復以列侯就第，加位特進。復為人剛毅方直，多大節。既還私第，闔門養威重。朱祐等薦復宜為宰相，帝方以吏事責三公，故功臣並不用。是時列侯唯高密、固始、膠東三侯與公卿參議國家大事，恩遇甚厚。三十一年卒，謚曰剛侯。 |
| | In the thirteenth year (37 AD), he was finally enfeoffed as Hou of Jiaodong, with fiefs in Yuzhi, Zhuangwu, Ximi, Jimo, Tinghu, and Guanyang—six counties in total. Jia Fu understood that the emperor wished to lay down arms, cultivate civil virtue, and did not want meritorious generals to retain large forces in the capital. Therefore, he joined Deng Yu, Hou of Gaomi, in disbanding their troops and promoting Confucian learning. The emperor highly approved of this and thus dismissed the posts of Zuo (Left) and You (Right) Generals. Jia Fu, as a marquis, retired to his residence but was granted the special title of Tejin (a high honor). Jia Fu was a man of firmness and integrity, known for many great virtues. After returning to his private residence, he closed his doors and cultivated a dignified presence. Zhu You and others recommended that Jia Fu should serve as chancellor, but the emperor was at this time holding the Three Dukes accountable for administrative affairs, so none of the meritorious officials were appointed to high office. At that time, among all the marquises, only Gaomi Hou, Guch Shi Hou, and Jiaodong Hou were invited to participate in deliberations on major state affairs with the senior officials. They received great favor and respect from the emperor. In the thirty-first year (55 AD) he died, posthumously honored with the title Gang Hou ("Marquis Gang").
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子忠嗣。忠卒，子敏嗣。建初元年，坐誣告母殺人，國除。肅宗更封復小子邯為膠東侯，邯弟宗為即墨侯，各一縣。邯卒，子育嗣。育卒，子長嗣。 |
| | His son Jia Zhong succeeded him. After Jia Zhong died, his son Jia Min succeeded him. In the first year of Jianchu (76 AD), he was convicted for falsely accusing his mother of murder, and as a result, his fiefdom was abolished. Emperor Suzong later re-enfeoffed Jia Fu's younger son, Han, as Hou of Jiaodong and his brother Zong as Hou of Jimo, each with one county. After Han died, his son Yu succeeded him. After Yu died, his son Zhang succeeded him.
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宗字武孺，少有操行，多智略。初拜郎中，稍遷，建初中為朔方太守。舊內郡徙人在邊者，率多貧弱，為居人所僕役，不得為吏。宗擢用其任職者，與邊吏參選，轉相監司，以擿發其姦，或以功次補長吏，故各願盡死。匈奴畏之，不敢入塞。徵為長水校尉。宗兼通儒術，每讌見，常使與少府丁鴻等論議於前。章和二年卒，朝廷愍惜焉。 |
| | Zong, courtesy name wuru, was from a young age known for his moral integrity and possessed great wisdom and strategy. Initially appointed as Langzhong (an official rank), he gradually advanced in position, and during the Jianchu era became Taishou of Suofang. Previously, those from interior commanderies who had been relocated to the frontier were generally poor and weak, often treated as servants by local residents and barred from holding official positions. Zong promoted those who were qualified for office, allowing them to be selected alongside frontier officials. He established a system of mutual supervision and inspection to expose corruption, and some were even appointed as senior magistrates based on their merits. As a result, the people all wished to serve with utmost loyalty. The Xiongnu feared him and dared not enter the frontier. He was summoned to serve as Changshui Jiao Wei (an imperial military officer). Zong also had a thorough knowledge of Confucian scholarship. During banquets and audiences, the emperor often invited him to debate with officials such as Ding Hong of Shaofu in his presence. In the second year of Zhanghe (86 AD) he died, and the court mourned him deeply with regret.
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子參嗣。參卒，子建嗣。元初元年，尚和帝女臨潁長公主。主兼食潁陰、許，合三縣，數萬戶。時鄧太后臨朝，光寵最盛，以建為侍中，順帝時為光祿勳。 |
| | His son Can succeeded him. After Can died, his son Jian succeeded him. In the first year of Yuanchu (104 AD), Jian married Princess Linying Changgongzhu, daughter of Emperor He. The princess also received the fiefs of Yingyin and Xu, combining three counties with tens of thousands of households. At that time, Empress Dowager Deng was regent and enjoyed the greatest favor at court. Jian was appointed as Shizhong (Attendant-in-Ordinary). During Emperor Shun's reign, he served as Guanglu Xun (Minister of Ceremonies).
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論曰：中興將帥立功名者眾矣，唯岑彭、馮異建方面之號，自函谷以西，方城以南，兩將之功，實為大焉。若馮、賈之不伐，岑公之義信，乃足以感三軍而懷敵人，故能剋成遠業，終全其慶也。昔高祖忌柏人之名，違之以全福；征南惡彭亡之地，留之以生災。豈幾慮自有明惑，將期數使之然乎？ |
| | Commentary: Many generals and commanders of the Han revival established fame and merit, but only Cen Peng and Feng Yi were granted commands over entire regions. From Hangu Pass to the west and Fangcheng to the south, the achievements of these two generals were truly great. If one considers Feng Yi and Jia Fu's modesty in not boasting of their achievements, or Cen Gong's righteousness and trustworthiness, these qualities were sufficient to inspire the entire army and win over enemies. This is why they could accomplish great feats and ultimately preserve their blessings. In ancient times, Emperor Gaozu was wary of the name Bairen and avoided it to ensure his own fortune; The Southern Expeditionary General detested the place where Peng had died, yet stayed there, bringing disaster upon himself. Was this due to their own clear or mistaken judgment, or was it determined by fate?
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贊曰：陽夏師克，實在和德。膠東鹽吏。征南宛賊。奇鋒震敵，遠圖謀國。 |
| | Eulogy: Yangxia's army achieved victory through the virtue of harmony. Jiaodong Salt Official. Southern Expedition against rebels in Wan. A brilliant strategy to shake the enemy and a long-term plan for the state.
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