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中國哲學書電子化計劃
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墨家 -> 墨子 -> 卷九 -> 非命上 -> 4

然而今天下之士君子，或以命為有。But the gentlemen of the world still assume that there is fate.
蓋嘗尚觀於先王之書， Now let us look at some of the writings of the early kings.
先王之書，The writings of the early kings
所
以1出國家，		that were issued to the whole country
布施百姓
者		and distributed among the people
2，
憲也。 were the laws.
先王之憲，亦嘗有曰『福不可請，而禍不可諱，敬無益，暴無傷』者乎？Did any of the laws of the early kings ever say: "Blessing cannot be invoked and disaster cannot be avoided; reverence will not do any good and cruelty will not do any harm"?
所以聽獄制罪者，刑也。The standards according to which lawsuits were tried and punishments were meted out were the codes of punishment.
先王之刑亦嘗有曰『福不可請，禍不可諱，敬無益，暴無傷』者乎？Did any of the codes of punishment of the early kings say: "Blessing cannot be invoked and disaster cannot be avoided; reverence will not do any good and cruelty will not do any harm"?
所以整設師旅，The inspiration by which the armies were organized
進退師徒者，and the soldiers were commanded to advance or to retreat
誓也。 came from the declarations.
先王之誓亦嘗有曰：『福不可請，禍不可諱，敬無益，暴無傷』者乎？Did any of the declarations of the early kings say: "Blessing cannot be invoked and disaster cannot be avoided; reverence will do no good and cruelty will do no harm"?
是故子墨子言曰： Mozi said:
「吾當未鹽數，天下之良書不可盡計數，I have not enumerated the good books of the empire completely. As they cannot be exhaustively enumerated,
大方論數，而五者是也。I limit myself to the most prominent ones, namely, the three above mentioned.
今雖毋求執有命者之言，不必得，And try as we may, we cannot find any belief in the doctrine of fatalism.
不亦可錯乎？ Should it not then be abandoned?
今用執有命者之言，To adopt the fatalists' doctrine
是覆天下之義， is to overthrow righteousness in the world.
覆天下之義者，To overthrow righteousness in the world
是立命者也， will establish fate,
百姓之誶也。 which is a temptation to the people.
說百姓之誶者，是滅天下之人也」。And to offer people temptation is to destroy the people.
然則所為欲義在上者，何也？Now, why is it that we desire righteousness to be with the superiors?
曰：「義人在上，天下必治，上帝山川鬼神，必有幹主，萬民被其大利。」Because when the righteous are in authority, the world will have order, God, hills and rivers, and the spirits will have their chief sacrificer, and the people will be visited by the great blessings therefrom.
何以知之？How do we know?
子墨子曰： Mozi said:
「古者湯封於亳，In ancient times, Tang was given a fief at Bo.
絕長繼短， Taking allowance for the irregular boundary lines,
方地百里， his land amounted to about a hundred li square.
與其百姓兼相愛，He worked with the people for mutual love
交相利， and reciprocal benefit,
移則分。 and shared with them what was in abundance.
率其百姓，And he led his people
以上尊天事鬼， to reverence Heaven and worship the spirits.
是以天鬼富之，Thereupon, Heaven and the spirits enriched him,
諸侯與之， the feudal lords befriended him,
百姓親之， the people loved him,
賢士歸之， and the virtuous came to him.
未歿其世，Within a single generation
而王天下，he ruled over the empire
政諸侯。 and headed the feudal lords.
昔者文王封於岐周，Again in ancient times, King Wen was assigned to the state of Qi Zhou.
「絕長繼短， Making allowance for the irregular boundary lines,
方地百里， his land amounted to about a hundred li square.
與其百姓兼相愛、交相利， He worked with his people for mutual love and reciprocal benefit.
則，是以近者安其政，So those near him enjoyed his government
遠者歸其德。 and those distant submitted themselves to his virtues.
聞文王者，皆起而趨之。All who heard of King Wen rose up and rushed over to him.
罷不肖股肱不利者，The stupid and insolent and those weak in limbs
處而願之曰： remained where they were and complained:
『柰何乎使文王之地及我， "Why not let the land of King Wen extend to this place.
吾則吾利，豈不亦猶文王之民也哉。』 Wouldn't I then also be a subject of King Wen?"
是以天鬼富之， Thereupon Heaven and the spirits enriched him,
諸侯與之， the feudal lords befriended him,
百姓親之，the people loved him
賢士歸之， and the virtuous came to him.
未歿其世，Within a single generation
而王天下，he ruled over the whole empire
政諸侯。 and headed the feudal lords.
鄉者言曰：義人在上，天下必治，上帝山川鬼神，必有幹主，萬民被其大利。As we have said: When the righteous are in authority the world will have order, God, hills and rivers, and the spirits will have their chief sacrificer, and the people will be visited by the great benefits therefrom.
吾用此知之。And this is how we know it to be so.

1. 以 : 舊脫。 孫詒讓《墨子閒詁》
2. 者 : 舊脫。 孫詒讓《墨子閒詁》

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