| Chinese Text Project |
| Show statistics Edit searchSearch details: |
|---|
| Scope: Pre-Qin and Han Request type: Paragraph |
| Condition 1: Contains text "民憂" Matched:13. |
| Total 12 paragraphs. Page 1 of 2. Jump to page 1 2 |
《先秦兩漢 - Pre-Qin and Han》 | Related resources |
《儒家 - Confucianism》 | Related resources |
《大戴禮記 - Da Dai Li Ji》 | [Eastern Han] 100-200 | Books referencing 《大戴禮記》 Library Resources |
《千乘》 | Books referencing 《千乘》 Library Resources |
| 17 | 千乘: | 太古無遊民，食節事時，民各安其居，樂其宮室，服事信上，上下交信，地移民在。今之世，上治不平，民治不和，百姓不安其居，不樂其宮；老疾用財，壯狡用力，於玆民游；薄事貪食，於玆民憂。 |
《法家 - Legalism》 | Related resources |
《商君書 - Shang Jun Shu》 | [Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC)] | Books referencing 《商君書》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《開塞 - Opening and Debarring》 | English translation: J. J. L. Duyvendak [?] | Library Resources |
| 5 | 開塞: | 故效於古者，先德而治；效於今者，前刑而法；此世之所惑也。今世之所謂義者，將立民之所好，而廢其所惡；此其所謂不義者，將立民之所惡，而廢其所樂也。二者名貿實易，不可不察也。立民之所樂，則民傷其所惡；立民之所惡，則民安其所樂。何以知其然也？夫民憂則思，思則出度；樂則淫，淫則生佚。故以刑治則民威，民威則無姦，無姦則民安其所樂。以義教則民縱，民縱則亂，亂則民傷其所惡。吾所謂利者，義之本也；而世所謂義者，暴之道也。夫正民者：以其所惡，必終其所好；以其所好，必敗其所惡。 |
| Opening and Debarring:...: | Wherefore, if you wish to imitate the ancients, you will have orderly government by promoting virtue, and if you wish to imitate modern times, you will have laws by emphasizing punishments, and this is commonly distrusted. What the world now calls righteousness is the establishment of what people like and the abolishment of what they dislike, and what the world calls unrighteousness is the establishment of what people dislike and the abolishment of that in which they take delight. The names and practice of these two methods may be interchanged. It is necessary to examine this: if you establish what people delight in, then they will suffer from what they dislike; but if you establish what the people dislike, they will be happy in what they enjoy. How do I know that this is so? Because, if people are in sorrow, they think, and in thinking they invent various devices. Whereas, if they enjoy themselves, they are dissolute, and dissoluteness breeds idleness. Therefore, if you govern by punishment the people will fear. Being fearful, they will not commit villainies; there being no villainies, people will be happy in what they enjoy. If, however, you teach the people by righteousness, then they will be lax, and if they are lax, there will be disorder; if there is disorder, the people will suffer from what they dislike. What I call profit is the basis of righteousness, but what the world calls righteousness is the way to violence. Indeed, in making the people correct, one always attains what they like by means of what they dislike, and one brings about what they dislike by means of what they like. |
《兵家 - School of the Military》 | Related resources |
《六韜 - Liu Tao》 | [Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC)] | Books referencing 《六韜》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《武韜》 | Library Resources |
《文啟》 | Library Resources Related resources |
| 1 | 文啟: |
文王問太公曰：「聖人何守？」 太公曰：「何憂何嗇，萬物皆得；何嗇何憂，萬物皆遒。政之所施，莫知其化；時之所在，莫知其移。聖人守此而萬物化。何窮之有？終而復始。 優之游之。展轉求之；求而得之，不可不藏。既以藏之，不可不行；既以行之，勿復明之。夫天地不自明，故能長生；聖人不自明，故能名彰。 古之聖人，聚人而為家，聚家而為國，聚國而為天下。分封賢人以為萬國，命之曰大紀。陳其政教，順其民俗，群曲化直，變於形容。萬國不通，各樂其所，人愛其上，命之曰大定。嗚呼！聖人務靜之，賢人務正之；愚人不能正，故與人爭。上勞則刑繁，刑繁則民憂，民憂則流亡。上下不安其生，累世不休，命之曰『大失』。 天下之人如流水，障之則止，啟之則行，靜之則清。嗚呼！神哉！聖人見其所始，則知其所終。」 |
《雜家 - Miscellaneous Schools》 | Related resources |
《淮南子 - Huainanzi》 | [Western Han (206 BC - 9)] | Books referencing 《淮南子》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《繆稱訓》 | Books referencing 《繆稱訓》 Library Resources |
| 16 | 繆稱訓: | 君子者，樂有餘而名不足，小人樂不足而名有餘。觀于有餘不足之相去，昭然遠矣。含而弗吐，在情而不萌者，未之聞也。君子思義而不慮利，小人貪利而不顧義。子曰：「鈞之哭也，曰：『子予奈何兮乘我何』其哀則同，其所以哀則異。」故哀樂之襲人情也深矣。鑿地漂池，非止以勞苦民也。各從其蹠而亂生焉。其載情一也，施人則異矣。故唐、虞日孳孳以致于王，桀、紂日怏怏以致於死，不知後世之譏己也。凡人情，說其所苦即樂，失其所樂則哀。故知生之樂，必知死之哀。有義者不可欺以利，有勇者不可劫以懼，如饑渴者不可欺以虛器也。人多欲虧義，多憂害智，多懼害勇。嫚生乎小人，蠻夷皆能之；善生乎君子，誘然與日月爭光，天下弗能遏奪。故治國樂其所以存，亡國亦樂其所以亡也。金錫不消釋則不流刑，上憂尋不誠則不法民。憂尋不在民，則是絕民之系也。君反本，而民系固也。至德小節備，大節舉。齊桓舉而不密，晉文密而不舉。晉文得之乎閨內，失之乎境外；齊桓失之乎閨內，而得之乎本朝。 |
《史書 - Histories》 | Related resources |
《晏子春秋 - Yanzi Chun Qiu》 | [Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC)] | Books referencing 《晏子春秋》 Library Resources |
《內篇》 | Books referencing 《內篇》 Library Resources |
《問篇》 | Books referencing 《問篇》 Library Resources |
《問下》 | Library Resources Related resources |
《叔向問正士邪人之行如何晏子對以使下順逆》 | Library Resources Related resources |
| 3 | 叔向問正... : | 邪人則不然，用于上則虐民，行于下則逆上；事君苟進不道忠，交友苟合不道行；持諛巧以正祿，比姦邪以厚養；矜爵祿以臨人，夸禮貌以華世；不任上則輕議，不篤于友則好誹。故用于上則民憂，行于下則君危，是以其事君近于罪，其交友近於患，其得上辟于辱，其為生僨于刑，故用于上則誅，行于下則弒。是故交通則辱，生患則危，此邪人之行也。」 |
《外篇》 | Books referencing 《外篇》 Library Resources |
《外篇上》 | Books referencing 《外篇上》 Library Resources |
《景公臺成盆成适願合葬其母晏子諫而許》 | Books referencing 《景公臺成盆成适願合葬其母晏子諫而許》 Library Resources Related resources |
| 5 | 景公臺成... : | 晏子入，復乎公，公忿然作色而怒曰：「子何必患若言而教寡人乎？」晏子對曰：「嬰聞之，忠不避危，愛無惡言。且嬰固以難之矣。今君營處為游觀，既奪人有，又禁其葬，非仁也；肆心傲聽，不恤民憂，非義也。若何勿聽？」因道盆成适之辭。 |
《前漢紀 - Qian Han Ji》 | [Eastern Han] 198-200 | Books referencing 《前漢紀》 Library Resources |
《孝惠皇帝紀》 | Library Resources |
| 7 | 孝惠皇帝... : | 五年十月雷。桃李杏棗實。常燠也。春正月。發京師六百里內男女十四萬五千人築長安城。三十日罷。三月。上遊離宮。叔孫通曰。古者春常獻果。今櫻桃始熟。願陛下取獻宗廟。諸果獻自此始。初。通秦時徵為待詔。陳勝等起反。二世詔問群臣博士。群臣博士咸曰。君親無將。將而必誅。宜急發兵擊反賊。二世怒。通進曰。今明主在於上。法令具於下。安得有反賊乎。此真狗盜鼠竊耳。二世乃按誅諸言反者。而拜通為博士。出曰。幾不免虎口。乃遂亡。後從漢。及天下定。通乃召魯諸生學者以定儀法。魯召二人不肯行。曰。公為人臣不忠。專面諛。不諫苟免。今兵革未休。死傷者未收。乃欲定禮樂。公去矣。無汙我。通曰。子真鄙儒。不知時變。乃去之。漢諸禮儀。皆通所定。然猶草創。未能具備矣。夫禮樂。聖人之所以興化致治。太平之本也。本志曰。五經之道同歸。而禮樂之用宜急。治身者斯須忘禮。則暴慢及之。為國者一朝忘禮。則荒亂及之。人含天地陰陽之氣。有善惡喜怒哀樂之情。人稟異性而不能節也。唯聖人能為之節。而不能絕也。故象天地而制禮樂。所以通神明。立人倫。正性情。節萬事者也。有男女之情。有妒忌之心。為制昏姻之禮。有交接長幼之序。為制鄉飲之禮。有哀死思遠之情。為制喪祭之禮。有為崇敬上之心。為制朝覲之禮。喪有哭踊之節。樂有歌舞之容。正人足以副其情。邪人足以防其失。故昏姻之禮廢。則夫婦之道闕。而淫僻之罪多。鄉飲酒之禮廢。則長幼之序失。而爭訟之獄繁。喪紀之禮廢。則骨肉之恩薄。而背死忘生者眾矣。朝覲之禮廢。則君臣之位失。而侵淩之漸起矣。故孔子曰。安上治民。莫善於禮。移風易俗。莫善於樂。禮節民心。樂和民聲。政以行之。刑以防之。禮樂刑政四達而不悖。則王道備矣。樂以治內而為同。禮以修外而為異。同則和親。異則畏敬。和親則無怨。畏敬則不爭。揖讓而治天下者。禮樂之謂也。二者並行。合為一體。畏敬之意難見。則著之於享獻辭受登降跪拜。和親之說難形。則發之於詩歌詠言鍾石管絃。盡其敬意。而不多其財賄。盡其歡心。而不留其聲音。孔子曰。禮云禮云。玉帛云乎哉。樂云樂云。鍾鼓云乎哉。言明王設禮樂之本也。故知禮樂之情者能作。識禮樂之文者能述。作者謂之聖。述者謂之明。王者必因先王之禮樂。順時施宜。有所損益。即人之心稍稍制作。至於太平而大備。周監於二代。禮文尤具。故稱經禮三百，威儀三千。於是教化浹洽。民用和睦。災害不生。禍亂不作。囹圄空虛。三十餘年。孔子美之曰：「郁郁乎文哉！吾從周。」及其衰也。諸侯縱橫。逾越法度。惡禮制之害己。去其篇籍。遭秦滅學。遂以亂亡。夫樂可以善民心。其感人深。移人疾。是故先王著其教焉。夫民有血氣心知之性。而無哀樂喜怒之常。應感而動。然後心術形焉。是故纖微譙偯之音作。而民憂思。闡諧慢易之音作。而民康樂。麤厲猛奮之音作。而民剛毅。廉直正誠之音作。而民肅敬。寬裕和睦之音作。而民慈愛。流僻邪放之音作。而民淫亂。故先王制雅頌之聲。本之情性。稽之度數。制之禮儀。合生氣之和。導五常之性。使之陽而不散。陰而不奪。剛氣不怒。柔氣不懾。四暢於中而發於外。各安其位而不相奪。足以感動民之善心。不使邪氣得襲焉。是先王立禮樂之方也。黃帝作咸池。顓頊作六莖。帝嚳作五英。堯作大章。舜作大韶。禹作大夏。湯作大濩。武王作大武。周公作勺。咸池。備矣。六莖。澤及根莖也。五英。茂也。大章。章之也。韶。繼也。夏。大也。濩。救也。武言以武功定天下。勺言酌先王之道。自夏以往。其流不可得聞也。殷頌猶有存者。周詩既備。而器用陳張。周官具矣。夫禮樂者。威儀足以充目。聲音足以動耳。詩歌足以感心。故聞其音而德和。省其詩而志正。觀其數而法立。是以薦之郊廟則鬼神享。作之朝廷則君臣和。立之學宮則萬民協。莫不虛己竦神。悅而承流。是以海內通知上德。被服其風。光耀日新。化上遷善。而不自知其所以然。至於萬物化。天地順。而嘉應祥。故《詩》云：「鍾鼓煌煌，磬管鏘鏘，降福穰穰。」《書》云：「擊石拊石，百獸率舞。」至於末世衰亂。殷紂斷棄先祖之正樂。乃作淫聲。用變亂正聲。以悅婦人。周道既闕。而王官失業。雅頌相錯。禮樂大壞。諸侯設兩觀。乘大輅。大夫八佾舞于庭。政遂郡遲而不變。於是桑閒濮上鄭衛宋楚之聲並出。內則致疾短壽。外則亂政傷民。巧偽之人。因而飾之。以熒亂富貴之耳目。庶人以求利。列國以相聞。故秦穆公遺戎樂而由餘去。齊人饋女樂而孔子行。自此禮樂喪矣。漢興乃復存之。禮樂古事。稍稍增集。夏大旱。江河水少。谿谷水絕。八月。相國曹參薨。諡懿侯。九月長安城成。十月安國侯王陵為右丞相。陳平為左丞相。賜民爵戶一級。 |
《後漢書 - Hou Han Shu》 | [Northern and Southern] 420-445 | Books referencing 《後漢書》 Library Resources |
《列傳》 | Library Resources |
《王充王符仲長統列傳》 | Library Resources |
| 11 | 王充王符... : | 夫貧生於富，弱生於彊，亂生於化，危生於安。是故明王之養民，憂之勞之，教之誨之，慎微防萌，以斷其邪。故易美節以制度，不傷財，不害民。七月之詩，大小教之，終而復始。由此觀之，人固不可恣也。 |
《經典文獻 - Ancient Classics》 | Related resources |
《詩經 - Book of Poetry》 | [Western Zhou (1046 BC - 771 BC)] | Books referencing 《詩經》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《大雅 - Greater odes of the kingdom》 | Books referencing 《大雅》 Library Resources |
《生民之什 - Decade Of Sheng Min》 | Library Resources |
《民勞 - Min Lu》 | English translation: James Legge [?] | Books referencing 《民勞》 Library Resources |
| 2 | 民勞: |
民亦勞止、汔可小休。 惠此中國、以為民逑 。 無縱詭隨、以謹惛怓。 式遏寇虐、無俾民憂 。 無棄爾勞、以為王休。 |
| Min Lu: |
The people indeed are heavily burdened, But perhaps a little rest may be got for them. Let us cherish this centre of the kingdom, And make it a gathering-place for the people. Let us give no indulgence to the wily and obsequious, In order to make the noisy braggarts careful, And to repress robbers and oppressors; - So the people shall not have such sorrow. Do not cast away your [former] service, But secure the quiet of the king. | |
| 4 | 民勞: |
民亦勞止、汔可小愒。 惠此中國、俾民憂泄 。 無縱詭隨、以謹醜厲。 式遏寇虐、無俾正敗 。 戎雖小子、而式弘大。 |
| Min Lu: |
The people indeed are heavily burdened, But perhaps a little repose may be got for them. Let us cherish this centre of the kingdom, That the sorrow of the people may be dispelled. Let us give no indulgence to the wily and obsequious, In order to make the multitudes of the evil careful, And to repress robbers and oppressors, So that the right shall not be over thrown. Though you may be [but as] little children, Your work is vast and great. |
| Total 12 paragraphs. Page 1 of 2. Jump to page 1 2 |
|---|