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中国哲学书电子化计划
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《宪问》

 英文翻译：人工智能和中国哲学书电子化计划用户 [?] 电子图书馆
1 宪问:
子曰：有德者必有言，有言者不必有德，仁者必有勇，有勇者不必有仁。
The Master said: "One who has virtue must have words of wisdom, but one who has words of wisdom may not necessarily possess virtue. One who is benevolent must be courageous, but one who is courageous may not necessarily be benevolent."

2 宪问:
子曰：君子而不仁者有矣夫，未有小人而仁者也。虽曰君子，犹未能备也。
The Master said: "There have been cases of gentlemen lacking benevolence, but there has never been a case of a petty person possessing benevolence." Although one may be called a gentleman, he still cannot possess all virtues completely.

3 宪问:
子问公叔文子于公明贾。曰：信乎夫子不言不笑不取，公叔文子，卫大夫。对曰：以告者过也。夫子时然后言，人不厌其言也。乐然后笑，人不厌其笑，义然后取，人不厌其取也。
The Master asked Gongming Jia about Gongsu Wenzǐ. He said: "Is it true that the master never speaks, never smiles, and takes nothing?" Gongsu Wenzǐ was a minister of the State of Wei. He replied: "The person who reported this has exaggerated." "The master speaks only when it is appropriate, and therefore people do not dislike his words." "He smiles only after feeling joy, so people do not dislike his laughter. He takes something only when it is justified, so people do not disapprove of what he takes."

4 宪问:
子谓卫灵公之无道也。季康子曰：夫如是，奚而不丧。孔子曰：仲叔圉治宾客，祝鮀治宗庙，王孙贾治军旅，夫如是，奚其丧。言虽无道，所任者各当其才，何为当亡也。
The Master commented on Duke Ling of Wei's lack of virtue. Ji Kangzi said: "If this is the case, how could he not lose his position?" Confucius said: "Zhongshu Yu was in charge of entertaining guests, Zhu Tuo managed the ancestral temples, and Wengsun Jia oversaw military affairs. If this were the case, how would he lose his position?" This means that although he was without virtue, those he appointed each matched their abilities; why then should he have lost his position?

5 宪问:
子路问事君。子曰：勿欺，而犯之。事君之道，义不可欺，当犯颜谏争。
Zilu asked about serving a ruler. The Master said: "Do not be disrespectful, but dare to remonstrate." The way of serving a ruler is that it is right and proper not to flatter; one should courageously offer advice even if it means confronting the ruler directly.

6 宪问:
子曰：不逆诈，不亿不信，抑亦先觉者，是贤乎。有人来，不逆之以为诈，不亿疑之以为有不信，然而人有诈不信有以先发知之，是人贤逆诈亿不信，所以恨耻之也。
The Master said: "Not being suspicious of deceit, not assuming dishonesty without evidence, and yet still being able to detect it in advance—this is the mark of a virtuous person." When someone comes, one does not assume deceit beforehand, nor suspect dishonesty without reason; yet if there is indeed deception or lack of trustworthiness, one can detect it in advance. This person's virtue allows him to discern deceit and untrustworthiness before others do, which is why he feels no shame.

7 宪问:
子路问君子。子曰：修己以敬，敬其身也。曰如斯而已乎。曰：修己以安百姓，修己以安百姓，尧舜其犹病诸。病犹难也。
Zilu asked about what constitutes a gentleman. The Master said: "Cultivate oneself with reverence." Reverence for one's own person. Zilu said, "Is this all?" The Master replied: "Cultivate oneself to bring peace to the people. To cultivate oneself and thus bring peace to the people—this was even a difficult task for Yao and Shun." "Bing" means difficulty or hardship.

URN: ctp:n416813