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| Condition 1: References "豈好辯哉" Matched:6. |
| Total 5 paragraphs. Page 1 of 1. |
《先秦兩漢 - Pre-Qin and Han》 | Related resources |
《儒家 - Confucianism》 | Related resources |
《孟子 - Mengzi》 | [Warring States] 340 BC-250 BC | Books referencing 《孟子》 Library Resources Source Related resources |
《滕文公下 - Teng Wen Gong II》 | Library Resources |
| 14 | 滕文公下: | 公都子曰：「外人皆稱夫子好辯，敢問何也？」 |
| Teng Wen Gong II: | The disciple Gong Du said to Mencius, 'Master, the people beyond our school all speak of you as being fond of disputing. I venture to ask whether it be so.' | |
| 孟子曰：「予豈好辯哉？予不得已也。天下之生久矣，一治一亂。當堯之時，水逆行，氾濫於中國。蛇龍居之，民無所定。下者為巢，上者為營窟。《書》曰：『洚水警余。』洚水者，洪水也。使禹治之，禹掘地而注之海，驅蛇龍而放之菹。水由地中行，江、淮、河、漢是也。險阻既遠，鳥獸之害人者消，然後人得平土而居之。 | ||
| Mencius replied, 'Indeed, I am not fond of disputing, but I am compelled to do it. A long time has elapsed since this world of men received its being, and there has been along its history now a period of good order, and now a period of confusion. In the time of Yao, the waters, flowing out of their channels, inundated the Middle Kingdom. Snakes and dragons occupied it, and the people had no place where they could settle themselves. In the low grounds they made nests for themselves on the trees or raised platforms, and in the high grounds they made caves. It is said in the Book of History, "The waters in their wild course warned me." Those "waters in their wild course" were the waters of the great inundation. Shun employed Yu to reduce the waters to order. Yu dug open their obstructed channels, and conducted them to the sea. He drove away the snakes and dragons, and forced them into the grassy marshes. On this, the waters pursued their course through the country, even the waters of the Jiang, the Huai, the He, and the Han, and the dangers and obstructions which they had occasioned were removed. The birds and beasts which had injured the people also disappeared, and after this men found the plains available for them, and occupied them. | ||
| 「堯、舜既沒，聖人之道衰。暴君代作，壞宮室以為汙池，民無所安息；棄田以為園囿，使民不得衣食。邪說暴行又作，園囿、汙池、沛澤多而禽獸至。及紂之身，天下又大亂。周公相武王，誅紂伐奄，三年討其君，驅飛廉於海隅而戮之。滅國者五十，驅虎、豹、犀、象而遠之。天下大悅。《書》曰：『丕顯哉，文王謨！丕承哉，武王烈！佑啟我後人，咸以正無缺。』 | ||
| 'After the death of Yao and Shun, the principles that mark sages fell into decay. Oppressive sovereigns arose one after another, who pulled down houses to make ponds and lakes, so that the people knew not where they could rest in quiet; they threw fields out of cultivation to form gardens and parks, so that the people could not get clothes and food. Afterwards, corrupt speakings and oppressive deeds became more rife; gardens and parks, ponds and lakes, thickets and marshes became more numerous, and birds and beasts swarmed. By the time of the tyrant Zhou, the kingdom was again in a state of great confusion. Zhou Gong assisted king Wu, and destroyed Zhou. He smote Yan, and after three years put its sovereign to death. He drove Fei Lian to a corner by the sea, and slew him. The States which he extinguished amounted to fifty. He drove far away also the tigers, leopards, rhinoceroses, and elephants - and all the people was greatly delighted. It is said in the Book of History, "Great and splendid were the plans of king Wen! Greatly were they carried out by the energy of king Wu! They are for the assistance and instruction of us who are of an after day. They are all in principle correct, and deficient in nothing." | ||
| 「世衰道微，邪說暴行有作，臣弒其君者有之，子弒其父者有之。孔子懼，作《春秋》。《春秋》，天子之事也。是故孔子曰：『知我者其惟春秋乎！罪我者其惟春秋乎！』 | ||
| 'Again the world fell into decay, and principles faded away. Perverse speakings and oppressive deeds waxed rife again. There were instances of ministers who murdered their sovereigns, and of sons who murdered their fathers. Confucius was afraid, and made the "Spring and Autumn." What the "Spring and Autumn" contains are matters proper to the sovereign. On this account Confucius said, "Yes! It is the Spring and Autumn which will make men know me, and it is the Spring and Autumn which will make men condemn me." | ||
| 「聖王不作，諸侯放恣，處士橫議，楊朱、墨翟之言盈天下。天下之言，不歸楊，則歸墨。楊氏為我，是無君也；墨氏兼愛，是無父也。無父無君，是禽獸也。公明儀曰：『庖有肥肉，廄有肥馬，民有飢色，野有餓莩，此率獸而食人也。』楊墨之道不息，孔子之道不著，是邪說誣民，充塞仁義也。仁義充塞，則率獸食人，人將相食。吾為此懼，閑先聖之道，距楊墨，放淫辭，邪說者不得作。作於其心，害於其事；作於其事，害於其政。聖人復起，不易吾言矣。 | ||
| 'Once more, sage sovereigns cease to arise, and the princes of the States give the reins to their lusts. Unemployed scholars indulge in unreasonable discussions. The words of Yang Zhu and Mo Di fill the country. If you listen to people's discourses throughout it, you will find that they have adopted the views either of Yang or of Mo. Now, Yang's principle is "each one for himself," which does not acknowledge the claims of the sovereign. Mo's principle is "to love all equally," which does not acknowledge the peculiar affection due to a father. But to acknowledge neither king nor father is to be in the state of a beast. Gong Meng Yi said, "In their kitchens, there is fat meat. In their stables, there are fat horses. But their people have the look of hunger, and on the wilds there are those who have died of famine. This is leading on beasts to devour men." If the principles of Yang and Mo be not stopped, and the principles of Confucius not set forth, then those perverse speakings will delude the people, and stop up the path of benevolence and righteousness. When benevolence and righteousness are stopped up, beasts will be led on to devour men, and men will devour one another. I am alarmed by these things, and address myself to the defence of the doctrines of the former sages, and to oppose Yang and Mo. I drive away their licentious expressions, so that such perverse speakers may not be able to show themselves. Their delusions spring up in men's minds, and do injury to their practice of affairs. Shown in their practice of affairs, they are pernicious to their government. When sages shall rise up again, they will not change my words. | ||
| 「昔者禹抑洪水而天下平，周公兼夷狄驅猛獸而百姓寧，孔子成《春秋》而亂臣賊子懼。《詩》云：『戎狄是膺，荊舒是懲，則莫我敢承。』無父無君，是周公所膺也。我亦欲正人心，息邪說，距詖行，放淫辭，以承三聖者；豈好辯哉？予不得已也。能言距楊墨者，聖人之徒也。」 | ||
| 'In former times, Yu repressed the vast waters of the inundation, and the country was reduced to order. Zhou Gong's achievements extended even to the barbarous tribes of the east and north, and he drove away all ferocious animals, and the people enjoyed repose. Confucius completed the "Spring and Autumn," and rebellious ministers and villainous sons were struck with terror. It is said in the Book of Poetry, "He smote the barbarians of the west and the north; He punished Jing and Shu; And no one dared to resist us." These father-deniers and king-deniers would have been smitten by Zhou Gong. I also wish to rectify men's hearts, and to put an end to those perverse doctrines, to oppose their one-sided actions and banish away their licentious expressions - and thus to carry on the work of the three sages. Do I do so because I am fond of disputing? I am compelled to do it. Whoever is able to oppose Yang and Mo is a disciple of the sages.' |
《潛夫論 - Qian Fu Lun》 | [Eastern Han] 102-167 Wang Fu | Books referencing 《潛夫論》 Library Resources |
《敘錄》 | Library Resources |
| 30 | 敘錄: | 論難撗發，令道不通。後進疑惑，不知所從。自昔庚子，而有責云。「予豈好辯」？將以明真。故敘《釋難》第二十九。 |
《論衡 - Lunheng》 | [Eastern Han] 80 Wang Chong | Books referencing 《論衡》 Library Resources |
《對作 - Replies in Self-Defense》 | English translation: Albert Forke [?] | Library Resources |
| 2 | 對作: | 是故《論衡》之造也，起眾書並失實，虛妄之言勝真美也。故虛妄之語不黜，則華文不見息；華文放流，則實事不見用。故《論衡》者、所以銓輕重之言，立真偽之平，非苟調文飾辭，為奇偉之觀也。其本皆起人間有非，故盡思極心，以機世俗。世俗之性，好奇怪之語，說虛妄之文。何則？實事不能快意，而華虛驚耳動心也。是故才能之士，好談論者，增益實事，為美盛之語；用筆墨者，造生空文，為虛妄之《傳》。聽者以為真然，說而不舍；覽者以為實事，傳而不絕。不絕，則文載竹帛之上；不舍，則誤入賢者之耳。至或南面稱師，賦姦偽之說；典城佩紫，讀虛妄之書。明辨然否，疾心傷之，安能不論？孟子傷楊、墨之議大奪儒家之論，引平直之說，褒是抑非，世人以為好辯。孟子曰：「予豈好辯哉？予不得已！」今吾不得已也。虛妄顯於真，實誠亂於偽，世人不悟，是非不定，紫朱雜廁，瓦玉集糅，以情言之，豈吾心所能忍哉！衛驂乘者越職而呼車，惻怛發心，恐土之危也。夫論說者閔世憂俗，與衛驂乘者同一心矣。愁精神而幽魂魄，動胸中之靜氣，賊年損壽，無益於性，禍重於顏回，違負黃、老之教，非人所貪，不得已，故為《論衡》。文露而旨直，辭姦而情實。其《政務》言治民之道。《論衡》諸篇，實俗間之凡人所能見，與彼作者無以異也。若夫九《虛》、三《增》、《論死》、《訂鬼》，世俗所久感，人所不能覺也。人君遭弊，改教於上；人臣愚惑，作論於下。實得，則上教從矣。冀悟迷惑之心，使知虛實之分。實虛之分定，而華偽之文滅；華偽之文滅，則純誠之化日以孳矣。 |
| Replies in Self-Defense:...: |
This has prompted me to write the Lun-heng. In a great many books reality has no place left: falsehood and immorality triumph over truth and virtue. Therefore, unless such lies be censured, specious arguments cannot be suppressed, and, as long as they spread, truth does not reign. For this reason the Lun-heng weighs the words, whether they be light or heavy, and holds up a balance for truth and falsehood. It does not trouble about polishing the phrases and embellishing the style, or consider this of great importance. It has its raison d'etre in the innate human weakness. Consequently it criticises the common people most vigorously. By nature these people are very prone to strange words and to the use of falsehoods. Why? Because simple truisms do not appeal to the imagination, whereas elegant inventions puzzle the hearers, and impress their minds. Therefore, men of genius, who are fond of discussions, will magnify and exaggerate the truth, and use flowery language. Masters of style, they simply invent things, and tell stories, which never happened. Their hearers believe in them, and are never tired of repeating them. Their readers take these stories for facts, and one transmits them to the other in an unbroken chain so, that at last the words are engraved on bamboo and silk. Being repeated over and over again, these stories impose even upon the wise. May be that even His Majesty honours such a man as a teacher, and spreads his forgeries, and that magistrates and wearers of red girdle pendants all read these inventions. He who knows how to discriminate between truth and falsehood, must feel a pang at it; why should he not speak? Mencius was grieved that the discussions of Yang Zhu and Mo Di did great harm to the cause of Confucianism, therefore he used plain and straightforward language to recommend what was right, and to reject what was wrong. People fancied that he was a controversialist, but Mencius replied, "How should I be a controversialist? I cannot do otherwise." Now I also cannot do otherwise. Lies and folly appear in the garb of truth, veracity and sincerity are superseded by imposture. People are in a state of apathy, right and wrong are not determined, purple and vermilion confounded, and tiles mixed up with jade-stones. As regards my feelings, how could my heart endure such a state? The lackey in Wei riding the outer horse transgressed his functions, crying out for the carriage. His sympathy carried him away, for he was apprehending a danger for his prince. Critics commiserate the world, and feel sorry for its deceptions, a sentiment similar to that of the outrider in Wei. A sorrowful mind and a melancholy spirit disturb the tranquil fluid in our breast, which tells upon our years, shortens our span, and is not beneficial to our life. It is a greater misfortune than that suffered by Yen Hui, and against the rules of Huang Ti and Lao Tse, and nothing which men like to do. But there was no help, therefore I wrote the Lun-heng. Its style is indifferent, but the meaning all right, the diction bad, but the feeling good. The Zheng-wu treats of the system of government; all the chapters of the Lung-heng may be read by ordinary people, for it is like writings of other scholars. As for the Nine Inventions and the Three Exaggerations, and the essays on Death and on Ghosts, the world has long been led astray by the errors exposed therein, and people did not become aware of it. When a ruler goes wrong, representations must be addressed to the highest place, when the citizens are blindfold, one speaks to them. If this be of effect, their leader will learn also. I fervently desire to rouse the misguided minds, and to teach them, how to tell the full from the hollow. As soon as the difference of reality and emptiness is fully understood, specious arguments will be discarded; and specious arguments having been discarded, the progress made in true and real knowledge will daily increase. |
《風俗通義 - Fengsu Tongyi》 | [Eastern Han] 190-200 | Books referencing 《風俗通義》 Library Resources |
《窮通》 | Library Resources |
《孟軻》 | Library Resources |
| 4 | 孟軻: | 又絕糧於鄒、薛，困殆甚，退與萬章之徒序《詩》、《書》、仲尼之意，作書中、外十一篇，以為：「聖王不作，諸侯恣行，處士橫議，楊朱、墨翟之言盈於天下。天下之言不歸楊，則歸墨。楊氏為我，是無君也；墨氏兼愛，是無父也。無父無君，是禽獸也。楊、墨之道不息，孔子之道不著，是邪說誣民，充塞仁義也。仁義充塞，則率獸食人，人將相食也。吾為此懼，閑先王之道，距楊、墨，放淫辭，正人心，熄邪說，以承三聖者。予豈好辯哉？予不得已也。」梁惠王復聘請之，以為上卿。 |
《漢代之後 - Post-Han》 |
《魏晉南北朝 - Wei, Jin, and North-South》 |
《文心雕龍》 | [Northern and Southern] 485-540 | Books referencing 《文心雕龍》 Library Resources |
《卷十》 | Library Resources |
《序志》 | Library Resources |
| 1 | 序志: | 夫「文心」者，言為文之用心也。昔涓子《琴心》，王孫《巧心》，心哉美矣，故用之焉。古來文章，以雕縟成體，豈取騶奭之群言雕龍也。夫宇宙綿邈，黎獻紛雜，拔萃出類，智術而已。歲月飄忽，性靈不居，騰聲飛實，制作而已。夫人肖貌天地，稟性五才，擬耳目于日月，方聲氣乎風雷，其超出萬物，亦已靈矣。形同草木之脆，名逾金石之堅，是以君子處世，樹德建言，豈好辯哉？不得已也！ |
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