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《儒林外史 - The Scholars》 | [Qing] 1750 | Library Resources |
《說楔子敷陳大義 借名流隱括全文 - In which an introductory story of a good scholar points the moral of the book》 | Library Resources |
| 4 | 說楔子敷... : | 第二日，母親同他到間壁秦老家。秦老留著他母子兩個喫了早飯，牽出一條水牛來交與王冕，指著門外道：「就在我這大門過去兩箭之地，便是七泖湖，湖邊一帶綠草，各家的牛都在那裏打睡。又有幾十夥合抱的垂楊樹，十分陰涼。牛要渴了，就在湖邊上飲水。小哥，你只在這一帶頑耍，不必遠去。我老漢每日兩餐小菜飯是不少的，每日早上，還折兩個錢與你買點心喫。只是百事勤謹些，休嫌怠慢。」他母親謝了擾要回家去，王冕送出門來。母親替他理理衣服，口裏說道：「你在此須要小心，休惹人說不是；早出晚歸，免我懸望。」王冕應諾，母親含著兩眼眼淚去了。 |
| In which an introductory...: |
The next morning his mother took him to the Qin family next door. Old Qin gave them some breakfast, and when they had finished he led out a water buffalo and made it over to Wang Mian. 「Two bow shots from my gate is the lake,」 he said, pointing outside. 「And by the lake is a belt of green where all the buffaloes of the village browse. There are a few dozen big willows there too, so that it is quiet, shady and cool; and if the buffalo is thirsty it can drink at the water's edge. You can play there, son; but don't wander off. I shall see that you get rice and vegetables twice a day; and each morning I shall give you a few coppers to buy a snack to eat while you're out. Only you must work well. I hope you'll find this satisfactory.」 Wang Mian's mother thanked Old Qin and turned to go home. Her son saw her to the gate, and there she straightened his clothes for him. 「Mind now, don't give them any reason to find fault with you,」 she charged him. 「Go out early and come back at dusk. I don't want to have to worry about you.」 Wang Mian nodded assent. Then, with tears in her eyes, she left him. | |
| 5 | 說楔子敷... : | 王冕自此只在秦家放牛，每到黃昏，回家跟著母親歇宿。或遇秦家煮些醃魚、臘肉給他喫，他便拿塊荷葉包了來家，遞與母親。每日點心錢，他也不買了喫，聚到一兩個月，便偷個空，走到村學堂裏，見那闖學堂的書客，就買幾本舊書，日逐把牛栓了，坐在柳蔭樹下看。 |
| In which an introductory...: | From this time onwards, Wang Mian looked after Old Qin's buffalo; and every evening he went home to sleep. Whenever the Qin family gave him salted fish or meat, he would wrap it up in a lotus leaf and take it to his mother. He also saved the coppers he was given each day to buy a snack with, and every month or so would seize an opportunity to go to the village school to buy some old books from the book-vendor making his rounds. Every day, when he had tethered the buffalo, he would sit down beneath the willows and read. | |
| 7 | 說楔子敷... : | 正存想間，只見遠遠的一個夯漢，挑了一擔食盒來，手裏提著一瓶酒，食盒上掛著一塊氈條，來到柳樹下，將氈鋪了，食盒打開。那邊走過三個人來，頭帶方巾，一個穿寶藍夾紗直裰，兩人穿元色直裰，都有四五十歲光景，手搖白紙扇，緩步而來。那穿寶藍直裰的是個胖子，來到樹下，尊那穿元色的一個鬍子坐在上面，那一個瘦子坐在對席；他想是主人了，坐在下面把酒來斟。 |
| In which an introductory...: | Just then, he saw in the distance a fellow carrying two hampers over his shoulder and a bottle of wine in his hand. Hanging from one hamper was a rug. The man spread the rug under the willows, and opened the hampers. Behind him came three men in scholars' square caps, all some forty to fifty years old. Two were dressed in dark grey, and the third in a blue linen gown. Fanning themselves with white paper fans, they advanced slowly. The one in blue was fat. When he reached the willows he asked one of the men in grey, one with a long beard, to take the seat of honour, and another, a thin one, to sit on the rug opposite. He himself was evidently the host, for he sat in the lowest place and poured the wine. They began eating. | |
| 8 | 說楔子敷... : | 喫了一回，那胖子開口道：「危老先生回來了。新買了住宅，比京裏鐘樓街的房子還大些，值得二千兩銀子。因老先生要買，房主人讓了幾十兩銀賣了，圖個名望體面。前月初十搬家，太尊、縣父母都親自到門來賀，留著喫酒到二三更天。街上的人，那一個不敬。」那瘦子道：「縣尊是壬午舉人，乃危老先生門生，這是該來賀的。」那胖子道：「敝親家也是危老先生門生，而今在河南做知縣。前日小婿來家，帶二斤乾鹿肉來見惠，這一盤就是了。這一回小婿再去，託敝親家寫一封字來，去晉謁晉謁危老先生；他若肯下鄉回拜，也免得這些鄉戶人家，放了驢和豬在你我田裏喫糧食。」那瘦子道：「危老先生要算一個學者了。」那鬍子說道：「聽見前日出京時，皇上親自送出城外，攜著手走了十幾步，危老先生再三打躬辭了，方纔上轎回去。看這光景，莫不是就要做官？」三人你一句，我一句，說個不了。 |
| In which an introductory...: |
After a while, the fat man said, 「Mr. Wei has come back. His new house is even bigger than the one in Bell Tower Street in the capital. The price was two thousand taels of silver, but, because the purchaser was so distinguished, the owner allowed him several dozen taels discount for the sake of the credit he would get from this transaction. On the tenth of last month Mr. Wei moved in. The prefect and the county magistrate called to congratulate him, and stayed there feasting until nearly midnight. There is nobody who does not respect him.」 「The magistrate used to be Mr. Wei's pupil,」 said the thin man. 「It was only right for him to pay his respects.」 「My son-in-law's father is an old pupil of Mr. Wei's, too,」 said the fat man. 「He has a post as magistrate now in Henan Province. The day before yesterday my son-in-law came to visit me, bringing two catties of dried venison—that's it on this dish. When he goes back, he's going to ask his father to write a letter of introduction so that I can call on Mr. Wei. Then, if Mr. Wei condescends to come to the village to return the visit, the villagers won't dare to turn their donkeys and pigs loose to eat the grain in our fields any more.」 「Mr. Wei is a real scholar,」 said the thin man. 「Recently, when he left the capital,」 said the man with the beard, 「I heard the emperor himself escorted him out of the city, taking his hand and walking nearly twenty steps with him. It was only after Mr. Wei had repeatedly bowed and entreated him to go no further that the emperor got into his sedan-chair and returned to the city. Judging by this, Mr. Wei will probably soon become a great official.」 The three men talked on and on. | |
| 9 | 說楔子敷... : | 王冕見天色晚了，牽了牛回去。自此，聚的錢不買書了，託人向城裏買些胭脂鉛粉之類，學畫荷花。初時畫得不好，畫到三個月之後，那荷花，精神、顏色無一不像，只多著一張紙，就像是湖裏長的；又像纔從湖裏摘下來，貼在紙上的。鄉間人見畫得好，也有拿錢來買的。王冕得了錢，買些好東好西，孝敬母親。一傳兩，兩傳三，諸暨一縣都曉得是一個畫沒骨花卉的名筆，爭著來買。到了十七八歲，不在秦家了，每日畫幾筆畫，讀古人的詩文，漸漸不愁衣食，母親心裏歡喜。 |
| In which an introductory...: | Wang Mian saw that it was growing late, and led the buffalo back. After that, Wang Mian no longer spent his savings on books, but asked someone to buy paints for him in the city, and learnt to paint lotus flowers. At first he did not do too well, but after three months he succeeded in capturing the very essence and shades of colour of the lotus. Though he painted on paper, his flowers seemed to be growing in the water, or as if freshly plucked from the lake and placed on a scroll. When the villagers saw how well he painted, some even bought his pictures. And when Wang Mian had money he bought good things for his mother. One person told another, until the whole of Zhuji County knew that he was a famous flower painter, and people vied with each other in their eagerness to buy. By the time he was eighteen he had stopped working for Old Qin, and spent every day doing some painting or reading old poems and essays. By degrees he no longer had to worry about his livelihood, and his mother was happy. | |
| 11 | 說楔子敷... : | 一日，正和秦老坐著，只見外邊走進一個人來，頭帶瓦楞帽，身穿青布衣服。秦老迎接，敘禮坐下。這人姓翟，是諸暨縣一個頭役，又是買辦。因秦老的兒子秦大漢拜在他名下，叫他乾爺，所以常時下鄉來看親家。秦老慌忙叫兒子烹茶，殺雞、煮肉款留他；就要王冕相陪。彼此道過姓名。那翟買辦道：「只位王相公，可就是會畫沒骨花的麼？」秦老道：「便是了。親家，你怎得知道？」翟買辦道：「縣裏人那個不曉得。因前日本縣老爺吩咐：要畫二十四副花卉冊頁送上司，此事交在我身上。我聞有王相公的大名，故此一徑來尋親家。今日有緣，遇著王相公，是必費心大筆畫一畫。在下半個月後，下鄉來取。老爺少不得還有幾兩潤筆的銀子，一併送來。」秦老在傍，著實攛掇。王冕屈不過秦老的情，只得應諾了。回家用心用意，畫了二十四副花卉，都題了詩在上面。翟頭役稟過了本官，那知縣時仁，發出二十四兩銀子來。翟買辦扣剋了十二兩，只拿十二兩銀子送與王冕，將冊頁取去。時知縣又辦了幾樣禮物，送與危素，作候問之禮。 |
| In which an introductory...: |
One day Wang Mian was sitting in Old Qin's cottage when a man wearing a bailiff's cap and blue cloth gown came in. Old Qin welcomed him, and after an exchange of courtesies they sat down. This newcomer's name was Zhai. He was a county runner and also a bailiff, but since Old Qin's son was his godchild he often came to the village to visit their family. Old Qin hastily called his son to make tea, kill a chicken and cook some meat to entertain the bailiff, and asked Wang Mian to accompany them. When Bailiff Zhai heard Wang Mian's name, he asked, 「Is this Mr. Wang the flower painter?」 「Yes,」 said Old Qin. 「How did you get to know of him?」 「Is there anyone in the county who doesn't know him?」 retorted the bailiff. 「The other day the county magistrate commissioned me to get twenty-four paintings of flowers to send to a superior. Knowing Mr. Wang's great reputation, I've come straight here; and now I'm lucky enough to meet Mr. Wang himself.」 Then he turned to Wang Mian and said: 「I must trouble you to do some paintings. In two weeks I shall come to fetch them, bringing the payment from Magistrate Shi.」 Old Qin pressed Wang Mian to consent and, to please the old man, he agreed. He went home and took infinite pains to paint twenty-four pictures of flowers, each with a poem appended. Bailiff Zhai reported his meeting with Wang Mian to the magistrate, who gave him twenty-four taels of silver. Of this sum Zhai appropriated half, giving twelve taels only to Wang Mian. He took the flower album away with him, and then the magistrate sent it with some other presents to Mr. Wei. | |
| 17 | 說楔子敷... : | 翟買辦道：「你這是難題目與我做，叫我拿甚麼話去回老爺？」秦老道：「這個果然也是兩難。若要去時，王相公又不肯；若要不去，親家又難回話。我如今倒有一法：親家回縣裏，不要說王相公不肯，只說他抱病在家，不能就來，一兩日間好了就到。」翟買辦道：「害病，就要取四鄰的甘結！」 |
| In which an introductory...: |
「You are making it very difficult for me,」 said the bailiff. 「What can I say to the magistrate when I go back?」 「In fact, it is difficult for you both,」 said Old Qin. 「Mr. Wang doesn't want to go. But if he doesn't go, that'll be very embarrassing for Bailiff Zhai. Now I have a plan. When you go back to the yamen, bailiff, don't say that Mr. Wang refuses the invitation, but just that he is ill and can't go. He will go in a few days when he is better.」 「If he were ill,」 objected the bailiff, 「I should have to get a signed statement to that effect from the neighbours.」 | |
| 25 | 說楔子敷... : | 母親道：「我兒，你歷年賣詩賣畫，我也積聚下三五十兩銀子，柴米不愁沒有。我雖年老，又無疾病，你自放心出去躲避些時不妨。你又不曾犯罪，難道官府來拿你的母親去不成？」秦老道：「這也說得有理。況你埋沒在這鄉村鎮上，雖有才學，誰人是識得你的；此番到大邦去處，或者走出些遇合來也不可知，你尊堂家下大小事故，一切都在我老漢身上，替你扶持便了。」王冕拜謝了秦老。秦老又走回家去，取了些酒肴來替王冕送行，喫了半夜酒回去。 |
| In which an introductory...: |
His mother said, 「Son, all these years, thanks to the poems and paintings you have sold, I have saved nearly fifty taels of silver. I don't have to worry about fuel and rice; and, old as I am, I'm hale and hearty. There's no reason why you shouldn't leave home and lie low for a time. You haven't committed any crime. The officers can't arrest your mother.」 「She's right,」 agreed Old Qin. 「Besides, if you bury yourself in this village, who will recognize your talents? Go to some big place, and who knows but what you may meet with recognition. I'll keep an eye on everything here for you, and see that your mother is all right.」 Wang Mian bowed his thanks to Old Qin, who went home to fetch food and wine for his friend. They feasted late into the night. | |
| 26 | 說楔子敷... : | 次日五更，王冕起來收拾行李，喫了早飯，恰好秦老也到。王冕拜辭了母親，又拜了秦老兩拜，母子灑淚分手。王冕穿上麻鞋，背上行李。秦老手提一個小白燈籠，直送出村口，灑淚而別。秦老手拿燈籠，站著看著他走，走的望不著了，方纔回去。 |
| In which an introductory...: | The next day Wang Mian got up before dawn, packed his belongings, and had breakfast; and then Old Qin arrived. Wang Mian bowed to his mother and to Old Qin; then, in tears, son and mother bade each other farewell. Wang Mian was wearing hempen sandals and carrying his possessions on his back. Old Qin, holding a small white lantern in his hand, saw him to the end of the village and, shedding tears, bade him goodbye. Then he stood, lantern in hand, gazing after Wang Mian until he could see him no more. | |
| 27 | 說楔子敷... : | 王冕一路風餐露宿，九十里大站，七十里小站，一徑來到山東濟南府地方。這山東雖是近北省分，這會城卻也人物富庶，房舍稠密。王冕到了此處，盤費用盡了，只得租個小菴門面屋，賣卜測字，也畫兩張沒骨的花卉貼在那裏，賣與過往的人。每日問卜賣畫，倒也擠個不開。彈指間，過了半年光景。 |
| In which an introductory...: | Braving the wind and dew, Wang Mian travelled day after day past large posting stations and small, till he came to the city of Jinan. Although Shandong is a northern province, its chief city was rich and populous, packed with buildings. By the time Wang Mian arrived here, his money was spent, and he had to rent a small front room in a temple and tell fortunes there. He also painted pictures of flowers, and posted up a couple to sell to passers-by. Every day he told fortunes and sold paintings, and customers flocked to him. In this way six months flew by. |
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